climate responsive architecture somaliland

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT CA(NDR),CPWD ..
Climate responsive architecture
YAZ Group:
Yahya Hussein
Abdiwali nuur
Zakaria Mohamed

Climate responsive design
Climate responsive design considers the impact of building design on :-
•The local micro climate
•The effects of wind and rain
•Sunlight and shadowing, and reflection and glare
•THE ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE
•Temperature: data •Sky conditions
••Humidity: data •Driving rain
••Precipitation •Solar radiation: data
••Wind : data •Special characteristics
•Vegetation
•THE DAYLIGHT FACTOR
••Due to variability of outdoor lighting levels it is difficult to calculate interior lighting
in illumination terms.

Elements of climate.
• Topography
• Air temperature
• Humidity
• Precipitation
• Air movement
• Vegetation and local factor

Climate factors
• Attitude
• Latitude
• land-water relationship
• Ocean Currents
• Mountain
• Dominant wind

DEVIATIONS WITHIN THE ZONE
•Knowledge of the climatic zone to which a town or settlement
Belongs and possession of published regional climatic data does not
•eliminate the need for careful investigation of site climatic
conditions.
•SITE CLIMATE
••The term ‘site climate’ has been chosen deliberately rather than
the synonymously used term ’micro climate’.

LOCAL FACTORS
• Factors which may cause local deviation.
• Topography: i.e. slope ,
• orientation
• exposure
• elevation
• hills or valleys at or near the site.
• AIR TEMPERATURE
• Heat exchange at surfaces varies between night and day with the
season, latitude and the time of year, always influenced by the
amount of cold cover

Site Planning
• A well-planned and optimally oriented
building
:-
– Passive solar heating
– Solar heat gain.
– Natural ventilation.
– High-quality day lighting
– Storm water runoff.
– Protect open space.
– Reduce the risk of soil
- erosion.

General climate of s/land
• Somaliland’s capital, Hargeisa, lies at 9°33′N
44°03′E.
• altitudes reach more than 2000m above sea level.
• the colder months having a range of approximately
15-26°.
• humidity ranges widely and reaches up to 85% in
some places.
• ranging from extremes of as little as 50-150mm .

CLIMATES OF Somalia
• HOT AND DRY
• WARM AD HUMID
• COMPOSITE
• COLD AND SUNNY
• COLD AND CLOUDY
• MODERATE

HOT AND DRY
• Flat roof - is used because of sandstorms – not obstruct the wind
flow
• Pitch roof - should be built as double layers
• Small windows - to prevent sand and dust from entering the
house
• Thick wall – the entering of heat into the house during daytime
become slower and at night the cold air push the warm air to flow
outside and the building is maintained cold

WARM AND HUMID
• Wall - is still warm at night because of the high solar
radiation during the day
• Pitch roof - is used act as a buffer to reduce the
entering of heat into the house
• Gutters are built
• Plastered single layer wall – to prevent heat captured
in the house

VENTILATION
It has three distinctly different functions
•Supply of fresh air
•Convective cooling
•Physiological cooling

COLD AND SUNNY
• Providing roof insulation and east and west wall insulation.
• Increase shading on east and west walls by overhangs, fins and
trees.
• Increase surface reflectivity by using light-colored textures.
• Encourage ventilation by locating windows properly.
• Increase air exchange rate with the help of courtyards and
Arrangement of openings.

COLD AND CLOUDY
•Exposed surface areas are
•Wall and roof insulation and double glazing
•Thicker walls.
•Providing air locks and lobbies, darker
colors inside as well as outside.
•Reduce shading on walls and glazed portions.

MODERATE
•Natural lighting is extensively used in the north-east and
north-west by hollowing out courtyards.
•Roof insulation was provided by using a roof
system of precast hollow terracotta curved panels with
nominal G I reinforcement.
•The hollow terracotta layer works as heat-resisting
layer. A thick ‘wall’ on the southern/south-western
side, which comprised largely masonry surface within
which were located the services such as toilets, pantry,
kitchen work space.
•The depth of the south-west wall was used to shield
the heat and provide pockets for openings located on
this ‘wall’ to pull in south-west breeze.

Innovative design
• Three dimensional configuration of the building
evolved in response to solar geometry.
• Elements of building i.e. building envelope, plan form
etc. evolved in response to solar geometry.
• Renewable energy systems i.e PV integrated in the roof
as an element of design.

Design Strategies in Hot & Dry Climate
• Large openings
• Windows area.
• Internal courtyard for cross
ventilation & thermal buffer
• Radiation barriers in the form of
canopies, chhajjas, long verandahs
etc.

Design Strategies in Cold Climate
• Glazing windows up to 25%
floor area
• Double glazing to avoid heat
losses during winter nights.
• Adopt Trombe walls.
• Sunspaces

Solar radiation
Reflected off of the glass..
Absorbed into the glass,.
Initial transmission through the
glass – as once the heat is in, it
is IN.
Solar Transmission Through Glass

Architectural Design Strategies
• Building form wrapped around a
pedestrian-friendly shaded green
open courtyard
• A continuous green axis from
front of site across the atrium.
• Eco park within the courtyard
shall contain a self sustaining low.
• Large openings in building form
on South and North sides.
NORTH

Envelope Design: Natural Ventilation
Building punctures are
designed to aid cross
ventilation
Natural ventilation
due to stack effect

climate responsive architecture somaliland

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