The document defines an analogy as a comparison of concepts based on how they are alike. It provides examples comparing a dog to a puppy and scissors to a broom. Analogies can be of different types including synonyms, antonyms, characteristics, parts/whole, degree, type, tool/worker, action/object, item/purpose, and product/worker. While analogies can enhance writing, the document cautions that not all analogies are effective, providing absurd examples of analogies that do not clearly illustrate similarities.

1. Analogies- An analogy compares words or
concepts, based on how they are alike or related
to each other.
Ex. Dog is to puppy as cat is to kitten (a young dog
is a puppy, just like a young cat is a kitten)
scissors : cut :: broom : ___________
a. clean b. dust c. sweep d. dirty
kindness : friend :: cruelty : ___________
a. meanness b. enemy c. war d. unkindness

2. Types of Analogies include:
• Synonym (happy : joyful :: sad : depressed)
• Antonym (inflation : deflation :: frail : strong)
• Characteristic (tropical : hot :: polar : cold)
• Part/Whole (finger : hand :: petal : flower)
• Degree (mist : fog :: drizzle : tropical storm)
• Type (parrot : bird :: salmon : fish)
• Tool/Worker (pen : writer :: voice : singer)
• Action/Object (fly : airplane :: drive : car)
• Item/Purpose (knife : cut :: ruler : measure)
• Product/Worker (poet : poem :: baker : pie)

3. Not all analogies enhance writing…
• She caught your eye like one of those pointy hook
latches that used to dangle from screen doors and
would fly up whenever you banged the door open
again.
• The little boat gently drifted across the pond exactly
the way a bowling ball wouldn't.
• John and Mary had never met. They were like two
hummingbirds who had also never met
• He fell for her like his heart was a mob informant,
and she was the East River.
• She walked into my office like a centipede with 98
missing legs

4. • Long separated by cruel fate, the star-crossed
lovers raced across the grassy field toward each
other like two freight trains, one having left
Cleveland at 6:36 p.m. traveling at 55 mph, the
other from Topeka at 4:19 p.m. at a speed of 35
mph.
• It hurt the way your tongue hurts after you
accidentally staple it to the wall
• He was as tall as a six-foot-three-inch tree
• The hailstones leaped from the pavement, just
like maggots when you fry them in hot grease