14. TIPU SULTAN
----known as the dreaded 'Tiger
of Mysore', was a legend
during his lifetime and is
still regarded as an
enlightened ruler in India.
----he bitterly and effectively
opposed British rule in
southern India.
Tipu Sultan
20 November,1750–4
May 1799
----after the struggle of 40
years, Mysore was added
to the areas of Britishruled India.
14
15. Yahya
Hassan
FAMILY TREE
Ahmad
Muhammad Ibrahim
Hassan
Wali Muhammad
Muhammad Ali
Fateh Muhammad
Haider Ali
• Haider himself claimed descent from
the Quraish tribe of Arabs, the tribe
of the prophet Muhammad.
• Hasan b. Ibrahim (d. 1075/1664), the
sixth in descent from Yahya migrated
to India in search of a livelihood.
• In 1761 Haider Ali became the
undisputed ruler of Mysore
Tipu Sultan
Haider Ali,
by strong
determination and
courage become
the undisputed
ruler of Mysore.
Fateh
Muhammad,
was killed in a
conflict in Sira
after migrated.
Muhammad
Ali,
Left for
Bijapur then
to Kolar.
Wali
Muhammad,
proceeded to
Shahjahanabad
with his son
Muhammad Ali.
Hassan
b.Yahya,
a quraish, who
was the Sharif
of Mecca
Ahmed,
proceeded to
Yemen, married
the daughter of
its chief and
after the chief’s
death became
its ruler.
Muhammad
Ibrahim, escap
ed to Baghdad
became a
successful
merchant.
Hasan,
migrated to India
in search of
livelihood. 15
16. BIRTH PLACE
• 20 November 1750
(Friday, 20th Zil
Hajjah, 1163 AH)
at Devanahalli, in
present-day Bangalore
Rural district, about
33 km (21 mi) north
of Bangalore city.
Google map for the birth place of Tipu Sultan
• Mother Fakhr-un-Nisa
https://maps.google.com/maps?q=devanahalli+on+map&ie=UTF8&hq=&hnear=0x3bae1d7da942931b:0xb9537a06b542c3c0,Devanahalli,+Southegowd
anahalli,+Karnataka,+India&gl=pk&ei=LuqFUqTOaGm0QWatoH4Cw&ved=0CCkQ8gEwAA
16
17. EARLY EDUCATION
Haider was himself illiterate, he
appointed able teachers to give his son
the usual academic education of a
Muslim prince.
Tipu was also taught:
Riding
Shooting
Fencing
Discipline
The art of war.
Soldier of Tipu Sultan
http://www.1st-art-gallery.com/(after)Gold,-Charles-Emilius/Soldier-Of-TipuSultan-Sultan-Of-Mysore-Armed-With-AFlintlock-Musket.html
17
18. INVASION OF MALABAR
• In 1766 (when Tipu was just 15), he
accompanied his father on an invasion of
Malabar.
• With the charge of a force of two to three
thousand, he managed to capture the
Malabar chief's family.
• Haider Ali was so proud of his son that he
gave him command of 500 cavalry, and
assigned him rule of five districts within
Mysore.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:India
_Malabar_Coast_locator_map.svg
18
19. FIRST ANGLO-MYSORE WAR
• In 1767, the British formed a coalition with the Nizam and
the Marathas, and together they attacked Mysore.
•
Haider Ali managed to make a separate peace with the
Marathas.
• In June, Tipu Sultan (17-year-old) negotiated with the
Nizam and gave him gifts.
• Tipu Sultan directed a cavalry raid on Madras (now
Chennai).
• His father suffered a defeat by the British at
Tiruvannamalai and did not dishearten and continued
fight.
• Treaty of Madras in March of 1769.
Tipu designed and made a huge man
size lion eating a British soldier, which
would also play sounds of when the
tiger would eat the British.
http://khilafat-e-rashidahpakistan.blogspot.com/2013/05/tipusultan-who-chose-death-over.html
20. THE MARATHA-MYSORE WAR
• In November 1769 the Marathas invaded Mysore with an army as large as 30,000
men.
• Mysoreans policy was to harass the enemy and thus compel them to
withdraw from the kingdom.
• In February 1770, Tipu helped in
resisting the Maratha advance.
• The British East India Company refused
to send any troops to assist him which
was against the treaty.
• In July 1772 Haider agreed to
humiliating peace with the Marathas.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
• In between 1774 and 1778, Haider and Tipu conquered, the part of their
kingdom which lay between the Tungabhadra and the Krishna.
20
21. SECOND ANGLO-MYSORE WAR
• Haider Ali led an army of 90,000 in an attack on the Carnatic.
• Sir Hector Munro led the British Army against the Mysoreans.
• Colonel William Baillie was to leave Guntur and meet up with the main
force.
• In September of 1780, Tipu and his 10,000 cavalry and infantry surrounded
Baillie's.
• 4,000 Anglo-Indian troops surrendered
and were taken prisoner; 336 had been
killed.
• Colonel Munro refused to march to
Baillie's aid.
• Tipu made them to face worst defeat of
history.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Anglo-Mysore_War
22. TIPU TAKES THE THRONE
•
60 year old Haider Ali developed a serious carbuncle.
•
On December 7, he died.
•
Tipu took his father's throne on December 29, 1782.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tipu_Sultan_seated_on_his_throne.jpg
22
23. On March 11, 1784, the British
East India Company formally
surrendered with the signing of
the Treaty of Mangalore.
23
24. THIRD ANGLO-MYSORE WAR
• Between 1789 and 1792.
• No aid from its usual ally, France
• The British were led by Lord Cornwallis.
• Unluckily, the British gained more ground.
Lord Cornwallis
• The Mysorean leader had to surrender.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_s
eapower/images/gal_statue_of_cornwallis.jpg
• In the 1793 Treaty of Seringapatam was signed.
• Cornwallis held the boys imprisoned to ensure that
their father would comply with the treaty terms.
• Tipu quickly paid the redemption.
24
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/com
mons/2/24/Surrender_of_Tipu_Sultan.jpg
25. FOURTH ANGLO-MYSORE WAR
• By 1798, the British had had sufficient time to recover from the Third AngloMysore War.
• Richard Wellesley held the new British command.
• British-led coalition of nearly 50,000 troops in February of 1799 .
• British pressed closer and closer to the Mysorean capital.
• Tipu Sultan had just 30,000 defenders.
• On May 4, the British broke through the city walls
with the help of Mir Sadiq.
flintlock blunderbuss
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flintlock_Blunderbuss_Tipoo_Sahib_Seri
ngapatam_1793_1794.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/com
mons/thumb/c/c9/Tipu_death.jpg/748pxTipu_death.jpg
26. TIPU SULTAN’S INHERITANCE
• Tipu Sultan rushed to the breach, and
was killed defending his city.
• Tipu Sultan's family was reduced to
poverty as a deliberate policy, and was
only restored to princely status in 2009.
• Tipu Sultan fought long and hard,
although ultimately unsuccessfully, to
preserve his country's independence.
Today, Tipu is remembered as a heroic
freedom fighter in India and also in
Pakistan
The Gumbaz, Tipu's mausoleum, is situated outside the fort in
Srirangapatna. It was built by Tipu for his parents between 17821784 and he was buried there in 1799. The doors are inlaid with
ivory and there is a tiger skin pattern throughout the mausoleum.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/tige
r_of_mysore_gallery_12.shtml
26
27. Quotes
o
It is better to die before you bend
your knees before your enemy.
o
One day of lion is better than the
hundred days of jackal.
o
The Fort stands as a witness to the struggle of the
Mysore Emperor against the British domination.
http://travellersdiary.wordpress.com/2008/05/04/
srirangapatna-tipu-sultans-capital/
Save me from friends, I will
defend against my enemies.
o
The real joy of life is to combat
difficulties and miseries with firm
27
Tipu's capital in Mysore
determination.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seap
ower/tiger_of_mysore_gallery_02.shtml
28. References
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Kirmani, Tarikh-e-Tipu; Sultan-ut-Tawarikh; Haider Namah
Ibid, Stewart, memoirs of Hyder and Tipoo.
Mly.Cons., jan 23,1798, Uthoff to Kirkpatrick,Dec 18,1797. Vol 232
"Britain's Greatest Foes: Tipu Sultan," National Army Museum, accessed Feb.
2013.
Carter, Mia & Barbara Harlow. Archives of Empire: Volume I. From the East
India Company to the Suez Canal, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2003.
"The First Anglo-Mysore War (1767-1769)," GKBasic, July 15, 2012.
Hasan, Mohibbul. History of Tipu Sultan, Delhi: Aakar Books, 2005.
Website:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipu_Sultan
Website:http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/tiger_
of_mysore_gallery.shtml
Website: http://khilafat-e-rashidah-pakistan.blogspot.com/2013/05/tipusultan-who-chose-death-over.html
28