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PERHITUNGAN KUAT MINIMUM PERLUPERHITUNGAN KUAT MINIMUM PERLU
ELEMEN BALOK PRATEGANGELEMEN BALOK PRATEGANG
PADA GEDUNG TAHAN GEMPAPADA GEDUNG TAHAN GEMPA
BANGUNAN TAHAN GEMPABANGUNAN TAHAN GEMPAUMUR BANGUNAN 50 TAHUN – SNI 03 – 1726 - 2002UMUR BANGUNAN 50 TAHUN – SNI 03 – 1726 - 2002
• TIDAK MENGALAMI KERUSAKAN BERARTI KETIKA
TERJADI GEMPA RINGAN – GEMPA DENGAN
PERIODA ULANG 50 TAHUN
• MENGALAMI KERUSAKAN YANG MASIH DAPAT
DIPERBAIKI AKIBAT GEMPA SEDANG – GEMPA
DENGAN PERIODA ULANG SEKITAR 200 TAHUN
• TIDAK MENGALAMI KERUNTUHAN KETIKA TERJADI
GEMPA KUAT DENGAN PERIODA ULANG 500
TAHUN
PLASTIFIKASIPLASTIFIKASITERJADINYA SENDI PLASTIS/KERUSAKANTERJADINYA SENDI PLASTIS/KERUSAKAN
• TIDAK TERJADI MEKANISME KERUNTUHAN
• KONSEP KOLOM KUAT BALOK LEMAH
• PLASTIFIKASI TERJADI MENYEBAR MERATA PADA
UJUNG-UJUNG BALOK DI KETINGGIAN BANGUNAN
• DAKTILITAS BALOK
MOMEN PADA TUMPUAN BALOKMOMEN PADA TUMPUAN BALOK
AKIBAT GEMPAAKIBAT GEMPAMOMEN NEGATIF --MOMEN NEGATIF -- POSITIFPOSITIF
• AKIBAT BEBAN GRAVITASI
• AKIBAT GEMPA
• MOMEN TUMPUAN DAPAT BERUBAH TANDA DARI
MOMEN NEGATIF MENJADI MOMEN POSITIF
• KAPASITAS MOMEN PENAMPANG
- -
-
+
KUAT DISAIN DAN KUATKUAT DISAIN DAN KUAT
PERLUPERLULOAD FAKTOR DAN STRENGTH REDUCTIOAN FACTORLOAD FAKTOR DAN STRENGTH REDUCTIOAN FACTOR
• KUAT DISAIN – KUAT NOMINAL X FAKTOR
REDUKSI KEKUATAN
• KUAT PERLU – KUAT BALOK YANG DIPERLUKAN
AGAR MAMPU MEMIKUL BEBAN LAYAN YANG
SUDAH DIKALIKAN DENGAN LOAD FACTOR
• DALAM SEGALA HAL :
KUAT DISAIN > KUAT PERLU
φ.Mn > Mult
PENULANGAN BALOKPENULANGAN BALOKACI – 318M - 2005ACI – 318M - 2005
• TULANGAN MINIMUM BALOK
0.25√fc’ . Bw.d/fy
• REGANGAN MINIMUM PADA TULANGAN TARIK
• min 0.004
• PERSYARATAN TINGGI BALOK
max L/16 utk balok dan L/8 utk kantilever
• SISTIM PENULANGAN :
. Tulangan tunggal
. Tulangan rangkap
. Tulangan prategang
. Tulangan prategang parsial
RUMUS PENULANGANRUMUS PENULANGANACI-2005 TULANGAN TARIK DAN TEKAN DIANGGAP SUDAH LELEHACI-2005 TULANGAN TARIK DAN TEKAN DIANGGAP SUDAH LELEH
0.003
Ap
b
d dp
d’
As
As’
εy
a
0.85fc’
c C
T
Tp
T’
M
b'fc85.0
fy'Asfy.Asfps.Aps
a
++
=
)'d
2
a
(fy'.As)
2
a
d.(fy.As)
2
a
dp.(fps.ApsMn −+−+−=
MOMEN KURVATURMOMEN KURVATURSTRAIN COMPATIBILITYSTRAIN COMPATIBILITY
• DIGUNAKAN UNTUK MENGETAHUI PERILAKU BALOK PADA SETIAP LEVEL
MOMEN YANG BEKERJA PADA IRISAN
• DATA TEGANGAN-REGANGAN SETIAP MATERIAL MERUPAKAN DATA INPUT
YANG HARUS DIKETAHUI
• UNTUK SATU NILAI KURVATUR AKAN DIPEROLEH SATU NILAI MOMEN YANG
MNYEBABKANNYA.
Ap
As’
As
εc
εs
εp
C
T’
T
Tp
θ
M
Σ-gaya horz =0
Σ-Momen =0
DIAGRAMDIAGRAM σσ --εε
Regangan
ε0
A
Ec
ε50cε50u ε20c
Tegangan
fc’
0.2 fc’
Unconfined
Confined
B
C
D
0.5 fc’
θ
ε50h
Ec
Tegangan
Regangan
fy
εy
A
fult
εsh εult
B C
D
Tegangan
(fp)
Regangan
εp














ε
ε
−
ε
ε
=
2
0
c
fc
0
c2
fc' 0h50u50
5.0
Z
ε−ε+ε
=
1000'fc145
'fc2.03
u50
−
+
=ε
h
sh50
s
"b
4
3
ρ=ε
Daerah CD
fc=0.2fc’
Daerah AB
Daerah BC
fc = fc’(1-Z(εc - ε0))
MPa1860
))118(1(
975.0
0025.0200000fp
10.010
p
p ≤








ε+
+ε=
STUDI KASUSSTUDI KASUSGEDUNG 10 LANTAIGEDUNG 10 LANTAI
Atap
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
35m
40 m
40 m
+2.67
-10.98
+5.47
-10.98
-5.39 -5.39
+46.4
9
-46.49
DL
LL
GEMPA
-64.96
+28.7
1.2DL + LL+GEMPA
-64.96
+28.7
Arah gempa
Arah gempa
1.2DL + LL+GEMPA
TULANGAN NON-PRATEGANGTULANGAN NON-PRATEGANG
300
50
650
As
50
As’
M
fc’ = 30 MPa
Fy = 400 Mpa
Tul. Lentur : 3D25 + 2 D22
Sengkang :
diameter 12mm
b’’ = 200 mm
sh = 100 mm
ρs = Volumetric ratio sengkang
= Astr/Vol = 1.03%
Non-Prategang ( M-)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Kurvatur
MomenkN.m Non-Prategang (M+)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Kurvatur
MomenkN.m
TULANGAN PRATEGANGTULANGAN PRATEGANG
Tulangan prategang :
1 tendon
@ 8-strand dia ½ inchi
fpu = 1860 Mpa.
Eff.prestresss= 50%fpu
300
100
650
Ap
50
As’
M
Prategang (M-)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
-5 0 5 10 15 20 25
Kurvatur
MomenkN.m
Prategang (M+)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 5 10 15 20 25
Kurvatur
MomenkN.m
PRATEGANG PARSIALPRATEGANG PARSIAL
As = 4D25
As’= 3D16
Ap = 4 –str φ ½ in
Ap
300
650
As
50
As’
M
350 Ap
Balok Prategang
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
-10 0 10 20 30 40
Kurvatur
MomenkN.m
Tendon diatas
Tendon ditengah
BALOK LEBAR – WIDE BEAMBALOK LEBAR – WIDE BEAM
17
35
1500
12 D-25
12 D-16
17
35
1500
12 D-25
12 D-16
WIDE BEAM
0
200
400
600
800
1000
-50 0 50 100 150 200
Kurvature
MomenkN.m
Non-Prategang M(-)
Prategang M(-)
Prategang M(+)
Non-Prategang M(+)

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Pres haki (awal surono)

  • 1. PERHITUNGAN KUAT MINIMUM PERLUPERHITUNGAN KUAT MINIMUM PERLU ELEMEN BALOK PRATEGANGELEMEN BALOK PRATEGANG PADA GEDUNG TAHAN GEMPAPADA GEDUNG TAHAN GEMPA
  • 2. BANGUNAN TAHAN GEMPABANGUNAN TAHAN GEMPAUMUR BANGUNAN 50 TAHUN – SNI 03 – 1726 - 2002UMUR BANGUNAN 50 TAHUN – SNI 03 – 1726 - 2002 • TIDAK MENGALAMI KERUSAKAN BERARTI KETIKA TERJADI GEMPA RINGAN – GEMPA DENGAN PERIODA ULANG 50 TAHUN • MENGALAMI KERUSAKAN YANG MASIH DAPAT DIPERBAIKI AKIBAT GEMPA SEDANG – GEMPA DENGAN PERIODA ULANG SEKITAR 200 TAHUN • TIDAK MENGALAMI KERUNTUHAN KETIKA TERJADI GEMPA KUAT DENGAN PERIODA ULANG 500 TAHUN
  • 3. PLASTIFIKASIPLASTIFIKASITERJADINYA SENDI PLASTIS/KERUSAKANTERJADINYA SENDI PLASTIS/KERUSAKAN • TIDAK TERJADI MEKANISME KERUNTUHAN • KONSEP KOLOM KUAT BALOK LEMAH • PLASTIFIKASI TERJADI MENYEBAR MERATA PADA UJUNG-UJUNG BALOK DI KETINGGIAN BANGUNAN • DAKTILITAS BALOK
  • 4. MOMEN PADA TUMPUAN BALOKMOMEN PADA TUMPUAN BALOK AKIBAT GEMPAAKIBAT GEMPAMOMEN NEGATIF --MOMEN NEGATIF -- POSITIFPOSITIF • AKIBAT BEBAN GRAVITASI • AKIBAT GEMPA • MOMEN TUMPUAN DAPAT BERUBAH TANDA DARI MOMEN NEGATIF MENJADI MOMEN POSITIF • KAPASITAS MOMEN PENAMPANG - - - +
  • 5. KUAT DISAIN DAN KUATKUAT DISAIN DAN KUAT PERLUPERLULOAD FAKTOR DAN STRENGTH REDUCTIOAN FACTORLOAD FAKTOR DAN STRENGTH REDUCTIOAN FACTOR • KUAT DISAIN – KUAT NOMINAL X FAKTOR REDUKSI KEKUATAN • KUAT PERLU – KUAT BALOK YANG DIPERLUKAN AGAR MAMPU MEMIKUL BEBAN LAYAN YANG SUDAH DIKALIKAN DENGAN LOAD FACTOR • DALAM SEGALA HAL : KUAT DISAIN > KUAT PERLU φ.Mn > Mult
  • 6. PENULANGAN BALOKPENULANGAN BALOKACI – 318M - 2005ACI – 318M - 2005 • TULANGAN MINIMUM BALOK 0.25√fc’ . Bw.d/fy • REGANGAN MINIMUM PADA TULANGAN TARIK • min 0.004 • PERSYARATAN TINGGI BALOK max L/16 utk balok dan L/8 utk kantilever • SISTIM PENULANGAN : . Tulangan tunggal . Tulangan rangkap . Tulangan prategang . Tulangan prategang parsial
  • 7. RUMUS PENULANGANRUMUS PENULANGANACI-2005 TULANGAN TARIK DAN TEKAN DIANGGAP SUDAH LELEHACI-2005 TULANGAN TARIK DAN TEKAN DIANGGAP SUDAH LELEH 0.003 Ap b d dp d’ As As’ εy a 0.85fc’ c C T Tp T’ M b'fc85.0 fy'Asfy.Asfps.Aps a ++ = )'d 2 a (fy'.As) 2 a d.(fy.As) 2 a dp.(fps.ApsMn −+−+−=
  • 8. MOMEN KURVATURMOMEN KURVATURSTRAIN COMPATIBILITYSTRAIN COMPATIBILITY • DIGUNAKAN UNTUK MENGETAHUI PERILAKU BALOK PADA SETIAP LEVEL MOMEN YANG BEKERJA PADA IRISAN • DATA TEGANGAN-REGANGAN SETIAP MATERIAL MERUPAKAN DATA INPUT YANG HARUS DIKETAHUI • UNTUK SATU NILAI KURVATUR AKAN DIPEROLEH SATU NILAI MOMEN YANG MNYEBABKANNYA. Ap As’ As εc εs εp C T’ T Tp θ M Σ-gaya horz =0 Σ-Momen =0
  • 9. DIAGRAMDIAGRAM σσ --εε Regangan ε0 A Ec ε50cε50u ε20c Tegangan fc’ 0.2 fc’ Unconfined Confined B C D 0.5 fc’ θ ε50h Ec Tegangan Regangan fy εy A fult εsh εult B C D Tegangan (fp) Regangan εp               ε ε − ε ε = 2 0 c fc 0 c2 fc' 0h50u50 5.0 Z ε−ε+ε = 1000'fc145 'fc2.03 u50 − + =ε h sh50 s "b 4 3 ρ=ε Daerah CD fc=0.2fc’ Daerah AB Daerah BC fc = fc’(1-Z(εc - ε0)) MPa1860 ))118(1( 975.0 0025.0200000fp 10.010 p p ≤         ε+ +ε=
  • 10. STUDI KASUSSTUDI KASUSGEDUNG 10 LANTAIGEDUNG 10 LANTAI Atap 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 35m 40 m 40 m +2.67 -10.98 +5.47 -10.98 -5.39 -5.39 +46.4 9 -46.49 DL LL GEMPA -64.96 +28.7 1.2DL + LL+GEMPA -64.96 +28.7 Arah gempa Arah gempa 1.2DL + LL+GEMPA
  • 11. TULANGAN NON-PRATEGANGTULANGAN NON-PRATEGANG 300 50 650 As 50 As’ M fc’ = 30 MPa Fy = 400 Mpa Tul. Lentur : 3D25 + 2 D22 Sengkang : diameter 12mm b’’ = 200 mm sh = 100 mm ρs = Volumetric ratio sengkang = Astr/Vol = 1.03% Non-Prategang ( M-) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Kurvatur MomenkN.m Non-Prategang (M+) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Kurvatur MomenkN.m
  • 12. TULANGAN PRATEGANGTULANGAN PRATEGANG Tulangan prategang : 1 tendon @ 8-strand dia ½ inchi fpu = 1860 Mpa. Eff.prestresss= 50%fpu 300 100 650 Ap 50 As’ M Prategang (M-) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 Kurvatur MomenkN.m Prategang (M+) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 0 5 10 15 20 25 Kurvatur MomenkN.m
  • 13. PRATEGANG PARSIALPRATEGANG PARSIAL As = 4D25 As’= 3D16 Ap = 4 –str φ ½ in Ap 300 650 As 50 As’ M 350 Ap Balok Prategang 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 -10 0 10 20 30 40 Kurvatur MomenkN.m Tendon diatas Tendon ditengah
  • 14. BALOK LEBAR – WIDE BEAMBALOK LEBAR – WIDE BEAM 17 35 1500 12 D-25 12 D-16 17 35 1500 12 D-25 12 D-16 WIDE BEAM 0 200 400 600 800 1000 -50 0 50 100 150 200 Kurvature MomenkN.m Non-Prategang M(-) Prategang M(-) Prategang M(+) Non-Prategang M(+)