1. MILESTONES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
IN
30 YEARS OF PROGRAMMING
Poyraz SAĞTEKİN
Computer Engineering

2. OUTLINE
• 1980’s
• 1990’s
• 2000’s
• Reference List

3. 1980’S
• DOS Family
• SUN OS
• GNU
• LISA OS
• Windows

4. DOS OPERATING SYSTEM
• Disk Operating System
• Single task
• Command line
• Limited ability(Text Editor, File Name Change, etc.)
• IBM (PC-DOS), Microsoft (MS-DOS), Commodore
(CBM DOS), Apple
• Background Usage

5. SUN OS
• Unix based
• Sun Microsystems
• Servers
• Workstations
• Graphics User Interface (GUI)
• Named Solaris after 1992

6. GNU
• Developed by Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT)
• Richard Stallman
• Unix based
• More reliable
• Open-Source

7. LISA OS
• Apple Inc. for Lisa Computers (1983)
• Multitask
• Graphical User Interface (GUI)
• Virtual memory
• Hierarchal File Structure
• Named as MAC OS after
1984

8. WINDOWS
• Windows 1.0 (November, 1985)
• Limited graphics support
• Colored interface
• Tiled windows
• Windows 2.0 (December, 1987)
• Overlapping windows
• VGA support (16 colors)

9. 1990’S
• Windows Family
• Linux
• MAC OS

10. WINDOWS
• Windows 3.x (1990)
• More independent
• Advanced graphics
• Special fonts
• Network
• Increased RAM support

11. WINDOWS
• Windows 95
• Start button
• User oriented
• Long filenames
• 32Bit

12. WINDOWS
• Windows 98
• Internet supported applications
(Outlook, Frontpage, Microsoft Chat, Web Publishing
Wizard)
• Advanced driver support (Plug and Play)

13. LINUX
• Linus Torvalds (1991)
• Unix based
• Free and Open Source
• Multi processor support

14. MAC OS
• System 7.x
• No command line
• Virtual memory support
• Extension manager
• Numerous included programs
• Speech manager

15. MAC OS
• MAC OS 9
• ‘‘Best Internet Operating System Ever’’
(Jobs, S., 1999)
• Remote Access
• Personal File Sharing
• 128-bit file encryption
• Support for files larger than 2 GB

16. 2000’S
• Microsoft
• Windows XP
• Windows Vista
• Windows 7
• Apple
• OS X
• iOS
• Linux

17. MICROSOFT
• Windows XP
• Consumer Oriented
• Product Activation
• Custom themes
• User switching
• 64-bit support

18. MICROSOFT
• Windows Vista & Windows 7
• Windows Aero Theme
• Easy language changing
• Instant search
• Sidebar
• Over 525 million copies (Windows 7)

19. APPLE
• OS X
• 9 releases
• Visual improvements
• No more Happy MAC
• Additional softwares
• Improved performance (Snow
Leopard)

20. APPLE
• iOS
• iPhone
• Computer-like cellphones
• Multimedia
• Consumer oriented

21. LINUX
• Used by
PCs, supercomputers, workstations etc.
• Most secure operating system
• Over 600 distributions with 5 main
bases
(Debian, Gentoo, Pacman, RPM, Slack
ware)
• Still free

22. LINUX
• Android
• Led by Google Inc.
• Face recognition
• Secure (sandbox)
• Customizable

23. REFERENCE LIST
• Wallace, J., Erickson, J. (1992). Hard Drive, John Wiley & Sons
• Duncan, R. (1988). The MS-DOS Encyclopedia, Microsoft Press
• Tim, Paterson. "An Inside Look at MS-DOS". Seattle Computer Products
Retrieved From: http://www.patersontech.com/Dos/Byte/InsideDos.htm
• Hunter, D. (1983). "The Roots of DOS". Softalk for the IBM Personal
Computer
Retrieved From: http://www.patersontech.com/Dos/Softalk/Softalk.html
• iCon: Steve Jobs, The Greatest Second Act in the History of Business
• Andy Hertzfeld (2005). "Bicycle". Revolution in the Valley. O'Reilly
• Isaacson, Walter (2011). Steve Jobs. Simon & Schuster
• (n.a., n.d.) A History of Apple's Lisa, 1979–1986
Retrieved From: http://lowendmac.com/orchard/05/apple-lisa-history.html

24. REFERENCE LIST
• (Free Software Foundation, n.d.) What is GNU?. The GNU Operating
System.
Retrieved from: http://www.gnu.org/
• Lessig, L. (2001) The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a
Connected World, Random House, Inc.
• Stallman, R. (1983) ‘‘new UNIX implementation’’
Retrieved From: https://groups.google.com/group/net.unix-
wizards/msg/4dadd63a976019d7?pli=1
• Salus, P. (1994) A Quarter Century of Unix. Addison-Wesley
• Solaris Operating System (Unix)". Operating System Documentation
Project
• Torvalds, L., Diamond, D. (2001). Just for Fun: The Story of an Accidental
Revolutionary. HarperBusiness
• Santhanam, A. (2003) Towards Linux 2.6, A look into the workings of the
next new kernel, IBM Global Services

25. REFERENCE LIST
• "New Graphical Interface: Enhance Your Programs with New Windows XP
Shell Features". MSDN
• "Kernel Enhancements for Windows XP". Windows Hardware Developer
Center (WHDC). Microsoft Corporation
• "Windows XP: Kernel Improvements Create a More Robust, Powerful, and
Scalable OS". MSDN Magazine
• Cruz, L. (2010). "Multi-core processor and multiprocessor limit for
Windows XP". Microsoft.
• Anderson, A. (2005). "South Korea fines Microsoft for antitrust abuses".
Ars Technica
• "Apple Developer: Cocoa Overview". Apple Inc.
• "X11 for Mac OS X 1.0". Apple Inc.