This document summarizes different types of chronic laryngitis, including chronic nonspecific laryngitis (hyperemic, hypertrophic, atrophic), chronic specific laryngitis (tuberculosis), and vocal nodules. Chronic hyperemic laryngitis involves diffuse inflammation of the larynx caused by recurrent acute laryngitis or chronic infection/irritation. Chronic hypertrophic laryngitis is an advanced stage with cellular infiltration and possible vocal cord swelling/thickening. Chronic atrophic laryngitis most affects women and causes a dry, irritated cough from a dry, atrophic larynx covered in crusts. Tuberculous laryngitis stems from pulmonary TB and causes ulcers and granulomas
21. Clinical findings
Laryngoscopy
Laryngeal mucosa is thickened & dusky red in
colour
Vocal cords red & swollen, Edges loose sharp
demarcation
22.
23. Treatment
Conservative
Surgical
Stripping of edematous mucosa with micro-
scissor
Ablation with LASER
One side done at a time to preventWeb
24. Chronic atrophic laryngitis
Common in women
Associated with Atrophic Rhinitis
Laryngitis Sicca
Exact cause not known
Hormonal disturbance, Dietary deficiency,
Autoimmune disorder
Bacillus ozaenae secondary infection
25. Clinical features
Hoarseness
Dry irritating cough
Dyspnoea due to crusts
Laryngoscopy
Laryngeal mucosa is dry & atrophic
Covered with foul smelling crusts
26.
27.
28. Treatment
Primary condition
Atrophic rhinitis
Steam inhalation
25% glucose in glycerin sprays
Expectorants containing Iodides to loosen the
crusts
31. Tubercolous laryngitis
Secondary to Pulmonary tuberculosis
Common in adult males
Brochogenic / hematogenous route
Bronchogenic route
affects posterior larynx
Interarytnoid region
submucosal tubercles & granuloma
Hematogenous
Multiple painful ulcers in larynx & pharynx
32. Clinical features
Hoarseness
Painful ulcers / referred otalgia
Odynophagia
Laryngoscopy
Pale granulations in the interarytnoid region
Ulcers of vocal cords
Mouse eaten appearance
Swelling of falseVCs & Aryepiglottic folds
37. Vocal nodules
Singer‘ nodules
Common in voice misusers
Teachers, singers, preachers &Vendors
Vocal trauma
submucosal hemorrhage
fibrosis & hyalinization
At the junction of anterior 1/3 7 posterior 2/3 (
subject to maximum trauma )
38. Clinical features
H/o misuse of voice
Hoarseness
Vocal fatigue
Laryngoscopy
Symmetrical nodular pinkish or grey masses at
junction of ant 1/3 & post 2/3 of true vocal cords
39.
40.
41. Treatment
Conservative
1. Avoid misuse of voice
2. Speech therapy / proper use of voice
1. No shouting / No whisper
3. ? May change the profession
Surgical
Microlaryngoscopy & LASER