2. ► Nouns like things, person, place, or animals.Nouns like things, person, place, or animals.
► Nouns can also be count or noncount. CountNouns can also be count or noncount. Count
nouns are nouns that one can count; nouns arenouns are nouns that one can count; nouns are
countables. An easy way to check whether a nouncountables. An easy way to check whether a noun
is count or noncount is to try putting a numberis count or noncount is to try putting a number
before the nouns. For example, let’s look at thebefore the nouns. For example, let’s look at the
nounnoun CATCAT. Can you say one cat, two cats, fifty. Can you say one cat, two cats, fifty
cats? Yes, therefore , the nouncats? Yes, therefore , the noun CATCAT is a countis a count
noun. Now let’s consider the nounnoun. Now let’s consider the noun SUGARSUGAR. Can. Can
you say one sugar, two sugars, fifty sugars? No,you say one sugar, two sugars, fifty sugars? No,
we cannot count sugar, therefore,we cannot count sugar, therefore, SUGARSUGAR is ais a
noncount noun.noncount noun.
3. Look at the examples of NounsLook at the examples of Nouns
►Names of person, their relations, and theirNames of person, their relations, and their
occupations.occupations.
one boy…two boysone boy…two boys
one friend… two friendsone friend… two friends
►Names of plans, animals, insects.Names of plans, animals, insects.
one dog…two dogsone dog…two dogs
one flower… two flowersone flower… two flowers
4. ►Units of classification in societyUnits of classification in society
one family… two familiesone family… two families
one language…two languagesone language…two languages
►Names of things with a definity, individualNames of things with a definity, individual
shapesshapes
one car…two carsone car…two cars
one house…two housesone house…two houses
5. There are noncount nounsThere are noncount nouns
►Remember !Remember ! These nouns cannot beThese nouns cannot be
counted and therefore, do not have a pluralcounted and therefore, do not have a plural
form.form.
►Food staples that can be purchased inFood staples that can be purchased in
various forms.various forms.
bread, meat, butter, milkbread, meat, butter, milk
►Substances with many small partsSubstances with many small parts
rice, sugar, sand, waterrice, sugar, sand, water
6. ►Abstract concepts, often with ending –ness,-Abstract concepts, often with ending –ness,-
ance,- ence, -ity.ance,- ence, -ity.
love, beauty, ignorance, peacelove, beauty, ignorance, peace
* Groups of things that have different size* Groups of things that have different size
and shapeand shape
clothing, furniture, luggageclothing, furniture, luggage
7. There are many exeptions in English and hereThere are many exeptions in English and here
are some for count and noncount nounsare some for count and noncount nouns
►Let’s take the word “life”. Compare theLet’s take the word “life”. Compare the
following sentencesfollowing sentences
Life is wonderful thing. (life =noncount)Life is wonderful thing. (life =noncount)
Firefighters save many lives every dayFirefighters save many lives every day
(life/lives=count)(life/lives=count)
* Finally, noncount nouns can be count nouns* Finally, noncount nouns can be count nouns
when they are used to indicate types:when they are used to indicate types: thethe
wines of Francewines of France
8. Did you pay attention? Are youDid you pay attention? Are you
ready?ready?
Yes, I want to do thisYes, I want to do this
exerciseexercise
No, Let me reread theNo, Let me reread the
lesson firstlesson first
9. Are these nouns count or noncount?Are these nouns count or noncount?
►Direction :Direction : click onclick on CC if a noun is count andif a noun is count and
NN if the noun is noncount.if the noun is noncount.
ChildChild C NC N
AdviceAdvice C NC N
RiceRice C NC N
WaterWater C NC N
HappinessHappiness C NC N
10. StoreStore C NC N
CentimeterCentimeter C NC N
BusinessmanBusinessman C NC N
BreadBread C NC N
HairHair C NC N
Well done !Well done !
11. ► Now there is one more aspect of nouns that isNow there is one more aspect of nouns that is
tasted quite frequently on the TOEFL: singular ortasted quite frequently on the TOEFL: singular or
plural Nouns.plural Nouns.
► Now that we’ve taken a look at count andNow that we’ve taken a look at count and
noncount Nouns , let’s take a quick look atnoncount Nouns , let’s take a quick look at
singular and plural forms.singular and plural forms.
► This is very easy!This is very easy!
► To form a plural form of a count Noun, simply add-To form a plural form of a count Noun, simply add-
s or –es to the singular form(s or –es to the singular form(remember!remember!
Nouncount Nouns don’t have plural form)Nouncount Nouns don’t have plural form)
12. Examples of common plural formsExamples of common plural forms
►Dog-dogDog-dogss
►party-partiparty-partieses
►Computer-computerComputer-computerss
►Table-tableTable-tabless
But, as usual, there are many exeptions in theBut, as usual, there are many exeptions in the
English and many English words haveEnglish and many English words have
irregularirregular plural forms.plural forms.
13. Pay attention! The TOEFL loves toPay attention! The TOEFL loves to
test your knowledge of these forms.test your knowledge of these forms.
►Examples of irregular plural forms.Examples of irregular plural forms.
►Foot-Foot-feetfeet
►Goose-Goose-geesegeese
►Tooth-Tooth-teethteeth
►Mouse-Mouse-micemice
►Man-Man-menmen
►Woman-Woman-womenwomen
16. ►As you have already learnt, there is noAs you have already learnt, there is no
plural form for noncount Nouns. However ,plural form for noncount Nouns. However ,
there are certain singular and pluralthere are certain singular and plural
expressions that are used with noncountexpressions that are used with noncount
Nouns.Nouns.
►This expressions are idiomantic. Study theThis expressions are idiomantic. Study the
following examples:following examples:
17. ►A piece of advice …two pieces of adviceA piece of advice …two pieces of advice
►A carton of milk …two cartons of milkA carton of milk …two cartons of milk
►A loaf of bread …two loafs of breadA loaf of bread …two loafs of bread
►A bar of soap …two bars of soapA bar of soap …two bars of soap
►A piece of toast …two pieces of toastA piece of toast …two pieces of toast
►A piece of news …two pieces of newsA piece of news …two pieces of news
►A slice of bread …two slices of breadA slice of bread …two slices of bread
►An ear of corn …two ears of cornAn ear of corn …two ears of corn
18. Did you pay attention? Are youDid you pay attention? Are you
ready?ready?
►Are these sentences correct or incorrect?Are these sentences correct or incorrect?
Directions:Directions:
►ClickClick CC if the sentence is grammaticallyif the sentence is grammatically
correct.correct.
►ClickClick NN if the sentence isn’t grammaticallyif the sentence isn’t grammatically
correct.correct.
19. ►There were two French people standingThere were two French people standing
outside of the bar.outside of the bar. C NC N
►Oceans are filled with waters.Oceans are filled with waters. C NC N
►I always have my coffee with two cups ofI always have my coffee with two cups of
milk.milk. C NC N
►We have thirty dollars left.We have thirty dollars left. C NC N
►The temperature has lowered 5 degrees inThe temperature has lowered 5 degrees in
one hour.one hour. C NC N
20. ►The two men came to several agreements.The two men came to several agreements.
C NC N
►California wines are very popular.California wines are very popular. C NC N
►Every morning I have two toasts.Every morning I have two toasts. C NC N
►Public lands in many parts of the West mayPublic lands in many parts of the West may
be overgrazed as cattle, sheep, and wildbe overgrazed as cattle, sheep, and wild
lives complete for forage.lives complete for forage. C NC N
►My father always gives me many advices.My father always gives me many advices.CC
NN
