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RADIO NETWORK PLANNINGRADIO NETWORK PLANNING
TELKOMSELTELKOMSEL
20092009
© Confidential Proprietary
3G Coverage Guidelines3G Coverage Guidelines
Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary
SUMMARY
PARAMETER Unit Dense Urban Urban Sub Urban Rural
SERVICE TARGET
Rel 99
Reference Service PS DL/UL 128/64 kbps PS DL/UL 128/64 kbps PS DL/UL 128/64 kbps PS DL/UL 128/64 kbps
Penetration Level In Car In Car In Car In Car
Coverage Probability % 95% 95% 95% 95%
HSDPA
Reference Service HSDPA 10 Codes HSDPA 10 Codes HSDPA 10 Codes HSDPA 5 Codes
Cell Edge Throughput Kbps 2048 2048 2048 1024
Modulation QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK
Penetration Level In Car In Car In Car In Car
Coverage Probability % 95% 95% 95% 95%
COVERAGE MINIMUM LEVEL
CPICH RSCP Required dBm -94 -96 -98 -101
ISHO Threshold dBm -102 -102 -102 -105
CPICH RSCP Design Km -86 -88 -90 -93
HSDPA
Cell Radius Km 0.59 0.71 0.85 1.14
Site To Site Distance Km 1.01 1.21 1.44 1.94
Cell Coverage Area Km Square 0.69 0.99 1.40 2.55
R99
Cell Radius Km 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22
Site To Site Distance Km 1.64 1.81 1.94 2.08
Cell Coverage Area Km Square 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91
GENERAL
Antenna Height Range Meter 20 ~ 30 30 ~ 35 35 ~ 40 40 ~ 50
Antenna Height Ref. Meter 25 32 38 45
Antenna Gain dBi 18 18 18 18
Antenna HBW Degree 65 65 65 90
Antenna VBW Degree 6 6 7 8
Node B PA dBm 43 43 43 43
CPICH Power dBm 30 30 30 30
Min EcNo dB -10 -10 -10 -10
Min CQI dBq 10 10 10 10
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EXAMPLE OF CLASS AREA DEFINITION - JABOTABEK
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CLASS AREA DEFINITION
1
CLASS AREA SUB CLASS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE AREA
Areaswithinurbanperimeter. Thisincludesdense
urbanareaswithdensedevelopment wherebuilt-up
featuresdonot appeardistinct fromeachother.
It alsoincludesbuilt-upfeaturesofthedowntown
district withheightsbelow40m.
Denseurbanhigh Financial District. Heightsareover40meters
Building Isolatedclusterofhightowersorskyscrapershigher
than40m.
Groupsofbuildings, eitherparallel ornot, that maybe
separatedbylargegreenspaces.
Averageheight isupto30meters
Buildingsblocksthat arecloselydividedandoftenina
regularpattern, without distinctivegreenspaces.
Averageheight isupto30meters
Industrial andcommercial Areasincludingbuildingswithlargefootprints(greater
orequal to20mby40m)withheightsbelow20m,
separatedbystreetswiderthan20m.
Meanurban Areaswithinurbanperimeter. Themeanurbanshould
havemeanstreet densitywithnopattern, themajor
streetsare visible, thebuilt-upfeaturesappeardistinct
fromeachother. Somesmall vegetationcouldbe
included. Averageheight isbelow40m.
out ofthecity, plentyofsmall patternsofresidential
areas, villages, industrial zones. Thesefeaturesaretoo
small andnumeroustobeextractedseparately, sothey
areconsideredaspartoftheclass, thatcancoverlarge
areas.
Thisclasshasmorefeaturesthanthe"rural"class.
Residential Housesinsuburbanenvironment. Suburbandensity
typicallyinvolveslaidout street patternsinwhich
streetsarevisible.Lotsmaybeassmall as30mby30m,
but aretypicallylargerandincludevegetationcover.
Individual housesarefrequentlyvisible.Averageheight
isbelow15m.
Openinurban Small openlandareawithnovegetationsurroundedby
meanurban, denseurban, orresidential.
Parks Anyvegetationlandinanyurbanenvironment. Golf
courses, municipalparks, extensivecemeteriesor
recreational landsareincludedinthiscategory.
Villages Small built-upareainrural surrounding.
rural environment(fields)whichmayinclude
isolated/sparseconstructions(warehouses, farms,...).
Thisclassisconsideredasanoptional class,depending
onthelocal characteristicsofthearea.
Weusethisclasswhengroupsofhouses/farmsaretoo
small tobeconsideredas"villages".
Inlandwater Lakes, riversorcanals.
Openland Areawithlittleornovegetation.
Forest Forestedlandswithclosedtreecanopy.Nodistinction
ismadebetweendeciduousandconiferous.
Unclassified Areawherenodataisavailable.
Sea OceanandSea.
SUB URBAN
URBAN
BEYOND NETWORK
CLASS AREA DEFINITION
BuildingBlocks
DenseBuildingBlocks
Rural (optional)
DENSE URBAN
MixedSuburban (optional)
Denseurban
RURAL
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Contents
 Link Budget
 Link Budget Introduction
 Link Budget Calculation
 Link Budget for R99
 Link Budget for HSDPA
 Antenna System
 Antenna Parameter and Configuration
 Antenna Height and Tilting
 2G – 3G Antenna Co-Sitting
 2nd
Harmonics
 3rd
Intermodulation Product
 Shadowing
 Soft Handover Area Requirement
 Micro Outdoor Specifications
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LINK BUDGET
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BASIC METHOD
 The link budget is calculated to get the value of MAPL (maximum allowable path
loss)
 There are 3 MAPL to be calculated and the final result is the lowest one :
 MAPL of Rel 99 reference service
 MAPL of HSDPA reference service
 MAPL of reference CPICH RSCP threshold for ISHO
MAPL of R99 ref service
MAPL of ISHO Threshold
MAPL of HSDPA ref service
Final MAPL
Cell radius
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Introduction
The target of the Link Budget calculation:
 Estimate the maximum allowed path loss on radio path from transmit
antenna to receive antenna for both links in up- and in downlink
 Reach the specific radio conditions i.e.:
 minimum Eb/N0 (and BER/BLER) requirements location
probability settings
 Required penetration loss
 Calculate maximum cell range
R using maximum path loss
Lpmax_DL
Lpmax_UL
R
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Introduction
Node
B
DL
UL
Receiving end
Coverage requirements
- Receiver noise figure
- Thermal noise + Interference
- Information rate
- Required Eb/No value
Receiver sensitivity
-Base station antenna gain
-Soft handover gain
-Feeder loss
-Tx power increased (power
overhead)
- Coverage probability (%)
- Log normal fading margin
- Penetration loss
- Mobile max transmission power
- Mobile station antenna gain
-Body loss
MS EIRP
Transmitting end
Pathloss
Simplified Link Budget Chart
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Steps Of Calculation
 TRANSMITTER END (MS) :
 Calculate MS TX EIRP
 RECEIVER END (NODE B) :
 Calculate Receiving Antenna System Gain
 Calculate Node B Total Noise Power
 Calculate Node B Required Received Power (RX Sensitivity)
 CALCULATE MAX PATH LOSS
 CALCULATE CELL RADIUS (Distance Node B to MS)
 CALCULATE SITE COVERAGE AREA (all 3 Sectors)
Example for RAB CS UL 64 Kbps with In Car Penetration
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Steps Of Calculation
UPLINK LINK BUDGET
 TRANSMITTER END (MS) :
 Calculate MS TX EIRP
 RECEIVER END (NODE B) :
 Calculate Receiving Antenna System Gain
 Calculate Node B Total Noise Power
 Calculate Node B Required Received Power (RX Sensitivity)
 CALCULATE MAX PATH LOSS
Example for RAB CS UL 64 Kbps with In Car Penetration
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Steps Of Calculation
Link Budget Calculation 3G for In Car Service
Carrier
2.b. Calculate Node B Total Noise Power
2.c. Calculate Node B Required Received Power
Car Penetration Margin = 8 dB
Body Loss = 3 or 0 dB
1. Calculate MS TX Eirp
3. Calculate Max Path Loss (from TX to RX)
4. Calculate Cell Radius
2.a. Calculate RX Antenna System Gain
Fading Margin = 7 dB
Clutter Factor = 154.3 dB
Soft Handover Gain = 3 dB
UL Power Control Headroom = 2 dB
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Steps Of Calculation
STEP 1. Calculate MS TX EIRP
MS TX EIRP = MS Max TX Power + MS TX Antenna Gain – Body Loss
= 21 + 0 – 0 = 21 dBm
STEP 2.a. Calculate Receiver (Node B) Antenna System
Gain
RX Ant. System Gain = RX Ant. Gain – RX feeder & jumper loss –
Diplexer Loss + MHA Gain
= 18 – 3 – 0 – 0 + 0 = 15 dB
Note :
- Assume system use single band UMTS antenna causes no diplexer loss
-If MHA (Mast Head Amplifier is used then RX feeder & jumper loss = 0 dB
(plus improvement in Noise Figure of Node B Receiver)
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Processing Gain
 It is the gain to have received User Data with more power
 Transmitted User Data + data of other users + signaling channels + from other cells act as noise & have higher
power than the power of User Data. Transmitted User Data, which is still in chip rate = 3.84 Mcps, is below
noise level with certain threshold/limit (EcNo)
 Processing Gain is conducted in receiver to increase the power of received signal become above noise level
(EbNo)
 The achieved gain in this process is depend on User Data Rate :
RAB RATE ®
Kbps Kcps dB dB dB
CPICH 6.5 3840 27.71 7.0 -20.71
Voice 12.2 3840 24.98 5.1 -19.88
CS64 64 3840 17.78 1.7 -16.08
PS64 64 3840 17.78 1.7 -16.08
PS128 128 3840 14.77 1.5 -13.27
PS384 384 3840 10.00 1.0 -9.00
REQ. EcNo
(Static)
USER DATA
CHIP RATE (W) PG
REQ. EbNo
(Static)
Processing Gain = W/R = 10 x Log (3840 Kcps/User Data Rate Kbps)
Note :
-Required EbNo is depend on : Receiver system, Data Rate, RF condition & MS speed as well
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 All signal from : Cell A (for all of it’s users), B, C, D become noise (RSSI) for signal dedicated for MS x
 EcNo is the ratio of desired Signal for MS x : RSSI (dB). Term Energy chips is because it is still in chip rate
(3.84 Mcps)
 Since desired Signal is always lower than RSSI, EcNo is always negative
 The desired Signal in MS x experience Processing Gain. It becomes much higher until some dB above all
signal noises. This is called required Eb/No. Term Energy bit is because it is already in user data rate (bps)
MS x
Cell A
Cell D
Cell C
Cell B
EcNo = Received desired signal - RSSI
Summed become RSSI
Received desired signal
Ec/No & Eb/No
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Ec/No, Eb/No & Processing Gain
for MS x
BW, time
Power
for MS x
BW, time
Power
Sum all signal become Total NoiseRSSI
EcNo of MS x signal
MS x
for MS x
BW, time
Power
Total NoisesRSSI
Required EbNo of MS x signal
PROCESSING GAIN
In de-spreading &
Integral process
A
C
D
B
Note :
-EcNo here is for User Data (not CPICH EcNo)
-To minimize Total Noise, all transmission power must be as low as possible, regulated by Power Control
-The higher user data rate, the higher transmission power (higher user data rate  lower PG)
-The more far Node B – MS distance, the higher transmission power (link budget)
EcNo = Required EbNo – PG
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Steps Of Calculation
STEP 2a. 2b.
PROCESSINGGAIN
TOTAL NOISE POWER
= KTW + NF
TOTAL NOISE POWER + IF MARGIN(ROT)
Eb/No
RECEIVER SENSITIVITY
= TOTAL NOISE POWER – (PROCESSING GAIN
- IF Margin – Eb/No)
= TOTAL NOISE POWER – PROCCESSING GAIN
+ IF Margin + Eb/No
Eb : Energy bit for a
single user received
at the cell
After de-spreading, the bit energy to
chip energy has a ratio equal to the
chip rate to bit rate ratio : this is
spreading gain or Processing Gain
Ec : Energy Chip
for a single user
received at the
cell
Noise Floor
increase with the
receive power
from other user as
a function of the
load of the cell
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Steps Of Calculation
STEP 2.b. Calculate Node B Receiver Total Noise Power
Receiver Bandwidth = 10 * Log (chip rate)
= 10 * Log (3840000) = 65.84 dB
Total Noise Power = Thermal Noise Density – RX Bandwidth – RX Noise Figure
= -173.83 + 65.84 + 3 = -104.99 dBm
STEP 2.b. Calculate Node B Required Received Power (RX
Sensitivity)
Processing Gain = 10 * log (Chip Rate/RAB Rate) = 10 * log (3840000/64000) = 17.78 dB
Interference Margin = -10 * log (1 – Uplink Load) = -10 * (1 – 0.5) = 3.01 dB
Required Eb/No is Vendor Product related and should be around 2 for CS 64 Kbps
RX Sensitivity = Total Noise Power – Processing Gain + Interference Margin + Eb/No
= -104.99 – 17.78 + 3.01 + 2 = -117.76 dB
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Steps Of Calculation
STEP 3. Calculate Path Loss
Max Path Loss = MS TX EIRP – (INCAR) Fade Margin – (INCAR) Penetration
Margin – UL Power Control Headroom + Soft Handover Gain
+ RX Antenna System Gain – Required RX Power
= 21– 6.1 – 8 – 1.8 – 2 + 15 – (-117.76) = 139.86 dB
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Steps Of Calculation
Calculate Cell Range and Site Coverage Area
(Max Path Loss – Clutter Factor + 13.82 * log (ant height) – 0.001)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
44.9 - 6.55 * log (ant height)
Cell Radius = 10^
Site Coverage = 3/2 * SQRT (3 * (Cell Radius)^2)
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Steps Of Calculation
HSDPA Link Budget
• The different thing between R99 Link Budget and HSDPA Link Budget is that we have to calculate
required Eb/No.
• The required Eb/No is calculated and related to number of used code and throughput.
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Steps Of Calculation
 Select range for given throughput (VTHR)
 Identify lower (LTHR) and higher (HTHR) boundary for throughput range
 Identify lower (LCINR) and higher (HCINR) boundary for CINR range, that corresponds
to throughput
 Calculate gradient
 Calculate CINR for selected throughput (VTHR)
 Recalculate CINR to Eb/No
CINRCINR
THRTHR
HL
HL
G
−
−
=
G
LV
LCINR THRTHR
CINR
−
+=






⋅+=+=
THRV
ChipRate
CINRGainProcessingCINREbNo log10
I
II
III
HSDPA Link Budget
CALCULATING THROUGHPUT TO Eb/No
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Steps Of Calculation
HSDPA Link Budget
CALCULATING THROUGHPUT TO Eb/No
Throughput vs. SINR
-17.24
-14.19
-11.21
-8.41
-5.85
-3.62
-20
-18
-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
48.1 88.1 168.7 314 600 1012
Throughput (kbps)
SINR(dB)
168.3 kbps is lower limit with -11.21 dB and 314 kbps is
higher limit with -8.41dB
Then gradient, which is 51.83 kbps/dB
Then calculation of CINR  -9.64 dB
And last CINR to Eb/No  2.22 dB
CINRCINR
THRTHR
HL
HL
G
−
−
=
G
LV
LCINR THRTHR
CINR
−
+=






⋅+=+=
THRV
ChipRate
CINRGainProcessingCINREbNo log10
Example: 250 kbps
Lower limit
168.3 kbps
Higher limit
314 kbps
I
II
III
• CINR value is mapped to the throughput with simple
calculation
• No limitation on what to put in the data rate input
• The Eb/No is calculated from fixed CINR points
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Steps Of Calculation
HSDPA Link Budget
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RESULT : R99 & HSDPA General Design
Services
Required
Ec/ No
RSCP DESIGN
INDOOR
PENETRATION
RSCP DESIGN
IN CAR
PENETRATION
CQI
Speech AMR 12.2 -12 -79 -94 ISHO Limited -
Video CS 64kbps -12 -79 -94 ISHO Limited -
UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps -12 -79 -94 ISHO Limited -
UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps -12 -79 -94 ISHO Limited -
UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps -12 -79 -94 ISHO Limited -
UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps -12 -79 -94 Downlink Limited -
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes -10 -76 -91 Downlink Limited 10
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes -10 -73 -88 Downlink Limited 10
UL128 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes -10 -71 -86 Downlink Limited 10
* HSDPA 5 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 1024 kbps
* HSDPA 10 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 2048 kbps
* HSDPA 15 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps
Services
Required
Ec/ No
RSCP DESIGN
INDOOR
PENETRATION
RSCP DESIGN
IN CAR
PENETRATION
CQI
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes -10 -70 -85 Downlink Limited 17
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes -9 -67 -82 Downlink Limited 17
UL128 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes -9 -65 -80 Downlink Limited 17
* HSDPA 5 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 2048 kbps
* HSDPA 10 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 4096 kbps
* HSDPA 15 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 6144 kbps
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Details Result : Link Budget R99
CPICH RSCP DESIGN
Required CPICH RSCP Measured By MS
Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
Speech AMR 12.2 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00
Video CS 64kbps -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00
UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00
UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00
UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00
UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00
CPICH RSCP For In Car Penet rat ion
Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
Speech AMR 12.2 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00
Video CS 64kbps -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00
UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00
UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00
UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00
UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00
CPICH RSCP For Indoor Penet rat ion
Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
Speech AMR 12.2 -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70
Video CS 64kbps -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70
UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70
UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70
UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70
UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70
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Details Result : Link Budget R99
Cell Range and Coverage Area (In Car Penetration)
Cell Radius (In CAR Penet rat ion) - Km
Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
Speech AMR 12.2 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22
Video CS 64kbps 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22
UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22
UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22
UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22
UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22
Sit e Coverage Area (In CAR Penet rat ion) - Km2
Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
Speech AMR 12.2 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91
Video CS 64kbps 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91
UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91
UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91
UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91
UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91
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Details Result : Link Budget HSDPA
CPICH RSCP DESIGN
Required CPICH RSCP Measured By MS
Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 1024 kbps) -97.22 -98.72 -100.32 -101.02
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 2048 kbps) -94.45 -95.95 -97.55 -98.25
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps) -92.06 -93.56 -95.16 -95.86
CPICH RSCP For In Car Penet rat ion
Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 1024 kbps) -89.22 -90.72 -92.32 -93.02
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 2048 kbps) -86.45 -87.95 -89.55 -90.25
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps) -84.06 -85.56 -87.16 -87.86
CPICH RSCP For Indoor Penet rat ion
Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 1024 kbps) -74.02 -74.82 -77.22 -78.72
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 2048 kbps) -71.25 -72.05 -74.45 -75.95
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps) -68.86 -69.66 -72.06 -73.56
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Details Result : Link Budget HSDPA
Cell Range and Coverage Area (In Car Penetration)
Cell Radius (In CAR Penet rat ion) - Km
Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 1150 kbps) 0.68 0.82 0.97 1.09
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 2200 kbps) 0.57 0.68 0.81 0.91
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps) 0.51 0.61 0.72 0.81
Sit e Coverage Area (In CAR Penet rat ion) - Km2
Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 1150 kbps) 0.90 1.31 1.85 2.33
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 2200 kbps) 0.63 0.91 1.29 1.61
UL64 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes
(Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps) 0.50 0.73 1.02 1.27
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Details Result : Link Budget HSDPA
CQI MAPPING
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Antenna Parameter and Configuration
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Antenna Parameter & Configuration
CONFIG TYPE 13G Antenna is separately from 2G
Antenna system
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Antenna Parameter & Configuration
CONFIG TYPE 2Using Dual Band Antenna for DCS 1800
and 3G, 4 WIDEBAND PORTS (2 Ports
for DCS 1800 and 2 Ports for 3G)
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Antenna Parameter & Configuration
CONFIG TYPE 3Using Dual Band Antenna for GSM 900
and 3G
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Antenna Parameter & Configuration
CONFIG TYPE 4Using Triple Band Antenna for
GSM 900, DCS 1800 and 3G (2
Ports for GSM 900 and 4 Ports
wideband for DCS and 3G
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Antenna Height & Tilting
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Antenna Tilting for WCDMA
CELL RANGE (d)
Θver BW
EMPIRICAL FORMULA
taken from: Optimum Antenna Down tilt for Macro
cellular WCDMA network by Jarno Niemela
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Antenna Height &Tilting for WCDMA
CALCULATED FROM
PREVIOUS
EMPIRICAL
FORMULA
Antenna Height
Ranges
DENSE
URBAN 20 ~ 30 m
URBAN 30 ~ 35 m
SUB URBAN 35 ~ 40 m
RURAL 40 ~ 50 m
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2G 3G Antenna Co-sitting
Required minimum isolation between 2G and 3G 30 dB
Calculate minimum horizontal or vertical separation to achieve 30 dB isolation
Dh=22+20 log(d/λ) – (Gt + Gr)
Where:
Dh : Horizontal isolation in dB.
d : Horizontal distance between antennas in meter
λ : Wave length associated to center frequency, in meter
Gt :TX antenna gain at the direction of Rx and Tx connection line
Gr : Rx antenna gain at the direction of Rx and Tx connection
line
d
2G antenna
3G antenna
3G antenna
2G antenna
Dv=28+40 log(k /λ)
Where,
DV stands for vertical isolation, in dB
k : Vertical distance between two antennas, in meter.
λ : Wave length of center frequency, in meter.
HORIZONTAL SEPARATION
VERTICAL SEPARATION
With required isolation 30 dB then
• Min Horizontal Separation (d) = 0.42m
• Min Vertical Separation (k) = 0.32m
k
Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary
3rd
Intermodulation Product
• For active elements IM products
levels are higher than IM products
produced by passive components
• Typical IM3 suppression values for
power amplifiers are -30 … -50
dBc depending on frequency
spacing and offset.
• Typical values for passive
elements are -100 … -160 dBc
GSM1800 IM3 products are hitting into the WCDMA FDD UL RX band if
• 1862.6 ≤ f2 ≤ 1879.8 MHz
• 1805.2 ≤ f1 ≤ 1839.6 MHz
• Intermodulation product 3rd could only influence Telkomsel WCDMA band if XL and
Hutch -with certain frequency above, were located in same place
• the possibility of harmful IM3 to WCDMA caused by other system is small unless there
was other factor such as bad link system in our own WCDMA nodeB
• It was imposible to have harmful IM3 caused by other system/operator in our 900 or
1800 band
Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary
2nd
Harmonics
• Harmonics distortion can be problem in case of co-siting of GSM900 and
WCDMA
• GSM 900 DL with frekuensi 950-960Mhz and the second harmonics may fall into
WCDMA TDD band and into the lower end of FDD band
TELKOMSEL WCDMA BAND Harmful 2nd
Harmonic
Ch Number DL UL
10663 2132.6 1942.6 970.05 ~ 972.55 MHz
10638 2127.6 1937.6 967.55 ~ 970.05 MHz
• Harmful of other system second harmonics come from frequency 971.3 Mhz
• Since there is no operator in Indonesia using frequency 970.05~972.55 and 967.55~970.05 then
Telkomsel WCDMA is free from second harmonics of other system
Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary
Shadowing
The radiated power towards the roof plane/building edge should be more
than 10 dB less than the maximum radiated power of the main beam
(Usually 10 ~ 16 degree from main vertical beam)
Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary
Soft Handover Area
Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary
SHO Area
PARAMETER
RT NRT RT NRT RT NRT
SHO PARAMETER DEFINITION
Max no of active set cells 3 3 3 3 3 3
Addition window 2.5 2 2.5 2 2.5 2
Replacement window 2 2 2 2 2 2
Drop window 4 3.5 4 3.5 4 3.5
SHO AREAS
Softer handover area 20% ~ 40% 15% ~ 35% 20% ~ 40% 15% ~ 35% 20% ~ 40% 15% ~ 35%
Soft handover area
- SHO to 1st tier neighbor cells 15% ~ 35% 10% ~ 30% 15% ~ 35% 10% ~ 30% 15% ~ 35% 10% ~ 30%
- SHO to 2nd tier neighbor cells 0% ~ 5% 0% ~ 3% 0% ~ 5% 0% ~ 3% 0% ~ 5% 0% ~ 3%
- SHO to beyond 2nd tier neighbor cells 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
No of active set cell distribution :
- 1 cell 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70%
- 2 cells 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20%
- 3 cells 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%
DENSE URBAN URBAN SUB URBAN
SHO AREAS STANDARDIZATION
Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary
Micro Outdoor Cell
Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary
Micro Outdoor Cell
 Criteria of deployment area :
 Protocol road that is blocked by HRB that create obstacle for signal
from nearest Macro cells (example : Jl Sudirman, Jl Thamrin, Jl HR
Rasuna Said, Jl Merdeka Timur, Jl Gajah Mada)
 Busy interchange or junction that has no dominant server from
surrounding Macro cells (example : Semanggi Bridge, Perempatan
Kuningan, Perempatan Pancoran, Cawang Interchange, Perempatan
Grogol)
 Micro Outdoor Cell parameter :
 No of sector = 2
 CPICH power = 30 dBm
 Antenna height = 9 mtr
 Antenna gain = 8 dBi
 Antenna direction = traffic on the road
 Antenna mechanical tilt = 0 deg, Electrical Tilt = 2 ~ 4 deg
 Site to site distance = 400 mtr
Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary
Micro Outdoor Cell
Antenna Specifications for Micro Outdoor Cell
Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary
Thanks

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3 g coverage guidelines v2

  • 1. RADIO NETWORK PLANNINGRADIO NETWORK PLANNING TELKOMSELTELKOMSEL 20092009 © Confidential Proprietary 3G Coverage Guidelines3G Coverage Guidelines
  • 2. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary SUMMARY PARAMETER Unit Dense Urban Urban Sub Urban Rural SERVICE TARGET Rel 99 Reference Service PS DL/UL 128/64 kbps PS DL/UL 128/64 kbps PS DL/UL 128/64 kbps PS DL/UL 128/64 kbps Penetration Level In Car In Car In Car In Car Coverage Probability % 95% 95% 95% 95% HSDPA Reference Service HSDPA 10 Codes HSDPA 10 Codes HSDPA 10 Codes HSDPA 5 Codes Cell Edge Throughput Kbps 2048 2048 2048 1024 Modulation QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK Penetration Level In Car In Car In Car In Car Coverage Probability % 95% 95% 95% 95% COVERAGE MINIMUM LEVEL CPICH RSCP Required dBm -94 -96 -98 -101 ISHO Threshold dBm -102 -102 -102 -105 CPICH RSCP Design Km -86 -88 -90 -93 HSDPA Cell Radius Km 0.59 0.71 0.85 1.14 Site To Site Distance Km 1.01 1.21 1.44 1.94 Cell Coverage Area Km Square 0.69 0.99 1.40 2.55 R99 Cell Radius Km 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22 Site To Site Distance Km 1.64 1.81 1.94 2.08 Cell Coverage Area Km Square 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91 GENERAL Antenna Height Range Meter 20 ~ 30 30 ~ 35 35 ~ 40 40 ~ 50 Antenna Height Ref. Meter 25 32 38 45 Antenna Gain dBi 18 18 18 18 Antenna HBW Degree 65 65 65 90 Antenna VBW Degree 6 6 7 8 Node B PA dBm 43 43 43 43 CPICH Power dBm 30 30 30 30 Min EcNo dB -10 -10 -10 -10 Min CQI dBq 10 10 10 10
  • 3. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary EXAMPLE OF CLASS AREA DEFINITION - JABOTABEK
  • 4. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary CLASS AREA DEFINITION 1 CLASS AREA SUB CLASS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE AREA Areaswithinurbanperimeter. Thisincludesdense urbanareaswithdensedevelopment wherebuilt-up featuresdonot appeardistinct fromeachother. It alsoincludesbuilt-upfeaturesofthedowntown district withheightsbelow40m. Denseurbanhigh Financial District. Heightsareover40meters Building Isolatedclusterofhightowersorskyscrapershigher than40m. Groupsofbuildings, eitherparallel ornot, that maybe separatedbylargegreenspaces. Averageheight isupto30meters Buildingsblocksthat arecloselydividedandoftenina regularpattern, without distinctivegreenspaces. Averageheight isupto30meters Industrial andcommercial Areasincludingbuildingswithlargefootprints(greater orequal to20mby40m)withheightsbelow20m, separatedbystreetswiderthan20m. Meanurban Areaswithinurbanperimeter. Themeanurbanshould havemeanstreet densitywithnopattern, themajor streetsare visible, thebuilt-upfeaturesappeardistinct fromeachother. Somesmall vegetationcouldbe included. Averageheight isbelow40m. out ofthecity, plentyofsmall patternsofresidential areas, villages, industrial zones. Thesefeaturesaretoo small andnumeroustobeextractedseparately, sothey areconsideredaspartoftheclass, thatcancoverlarge areas. Thisclasshasmorefeaturesthanthe"rural"class. Residential Housesinsuburbanenvironment. Suburbandensity typicallyinvolveslaidout street patternsinwhich streetsarevisible.Lotsmaybeassmall as30mby30m, but aretypicallylargerandincludevegetationcover. Individual housesarefrequentlyvisible.Averageheight isbelow15m. Openinurban Small openlandareawithnovegetationsurroundedby meanurban, denseurban, orresidential. Parks Anyvegetationlandinanyurbanenvironment. Golf courses, municipalparks, extensivecemeteriesor recreational landsareincludedinthiscategory. Villages Small built-upareainrural surrounding. rural environment(fields)whichmayinclude isolated/sparseconstructions(warehouses, farms,...). Thisclassisconsideredasanoptional class,depending onthelocal characteristicsofthearea. Weusethisclasswhengroupsofhouses/farmsaretoo small tobeconsideredas"villages". Inlandwater Lakes, riversorcanals. Openland Areawithlittleornovegetation. Forest Forestedlandswithclosedtreecanopy.Nodistinction ismadebetweendeciduousandconiferous. Unclassified Areawherenodataisavailable. Sea OceanandSea. SUB URBAN URBAN BEYOND NETWORK CLASS AREA DEFINITION BuildingBlocks DenseBuildingBlocks Rural (optional) DENSE URBAN MixedSuburban (optional) Denseurban RURAL
  • 5. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Contents  Link Budget  Link Budget Introduction  Link Budget Calculation  Link Budget for R99  Link Budget for HSDPA  Antenna System  Antenna Parameter and Configuration  Antenna Height and Tilting  2G – 3G Antenna Co-Sitting  2nd Harmonics  3rd Intermodulation Product  Shadowing  Soft Handover Area Requirement  Micro Outdoor Specifications
  • 6. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary LINK BUDGET
  • 7. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary BASIC METHOD  The link budget is calculated to get the value of MAPL (maximum allowable path loss)  There are 3 MAPL to be calculated and the final result is the lowest one :  MAPL of Rel 99 reference service  MAPL of HSDPA reference service  MAPL of reference CPICH RSCP threshold for ISHO MAPL of R99 ref service MAPL of ISHO Threshold MAPL of HSDPA ref service Final MAPL Cell radius
  • 8. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Introduction The target of the Link Budget calculation:  Estimate the maximum allowed path loss on radio path from transmit antenna to receive antenna for both links in up- and in downlink  Reach the specific radio conditions i.e.:  minimum Eb/N0 (and BER/BLER) requirements location probability settings  Required penetration loss  Calculate maximum cell range R using maximum path loss Lpmax_DL Lpmax_UL R
  • 9. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Introduction Node B DL UL Receiving end Coverage requirements - Receiver noise figure - Thermal noise + Interference - Information rate - Required Eb/No value Receiver sensitivity -Base station antenna gain -Soft handover gain -Feeder loss -Tx power increased (power overhead) - Coverage probability (%) - Log normal fading margin - Penetration loss - Mobile max transmission power - Mobile station antenna gain -Body loss MS EIRP Transmitting end Pathloss Simplified Link Budget Chart
  • 10. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation  TRANSMITTER END (MS) :  Calculate MS TX EIRP  RECEIVER END (NODE B) :  Calculate Receiving Antenna System Gain  Calculate Node B Total Noise Power  Calculate Node B Required Received Power (RX Sensitivity)  CALCULATE MAX PATH LOSS  CALCULATE CELL RADIUS (Distance Node B to MS)  CALCULATE SITE COVERAGE AREA (all 3 Sectors) Example for RAB CS UL 64 Kbps with In Car Penetration
  • 11. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation UPLINK LINK BUDGET  TRANSMITTER END (MS) :  Calculate MS TX EIRP  RECEIVER END (NODE B) :  Calculate Receiving Antenna System Gain  Calculate Node B Total Noise Power  Calculate Node B Required Received Power (RX Sensitivity)  CALCULATE MAX PATH LOSS Example for RAB CS UL 64 Kbps with In Car Penetration
  • 12. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation Link Budget Calculation 3G for In Car Service Carrier 2.b. Calculate Node B Total Noise Power 2.c. Calculate Node B Required Received Power Car Penetration Margin = 8 dB Body Loss = 3 or 0 dB 1. Calculate MS TX Eirp 3. Calculate Max Path Loss (from TX to RX) 4. Calculate Cell Radius 2.a. Calculate RX Antenna System Gain Fading Margin = 7 dB Clutter Factor = 154.3 dB Soft Handover Gain = 3 dB UL Power Control Headroom = 2 dB
  • 13. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation STEP 1. Calculate MS TX EIRP MS TX EIRP = MS Max TX Power + MS TX Antenna Gain – Body Loss = 21 + 0 – 0 = 21 dBm STEP 2.a. Calculate Receiver (Node B) Antenna System Gain RX Ant. System Gain = RX Ant. Gain – RX feeder & jumper loss – Diplexer Loss + MHA Gain = 18 – 3 – 0 – 0 + 0 = 15 dB Note : - Assume system use single band UMTS antenna causes no diplexer loss -If MHA (Mast Head Amplifier is used then RX feeder & jumper loss = 0 dB (plus improvement in Noise Figure of Node B Receiver)
  • 14. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Processing Gain  It is the gain to have received User Data with more power  Transmitted User Data + data of other users + signaling channels + from other cells act as noise & have higher power than the power of User Data. Transmitted User Data, which is still in chip rate = 3.84 Mcps, is below noise level with certain threshold/limit (EcNo)  Processing Gain is conducted in receiver to increase the power of received signal become above noise level (EbNo)  The achieved gain in this process is depend on User Data Rate : RAB RATE ® Kbps Kcps dB dB dB CPICH 6.5 3840 27.71 7.0 -20.71 Voice 12.2 3840 24.98 5.1 -19.88 CS64 64 3840 17.78 1.7 -16.08 PS64 64 3840 17.78 1.7 -16.08 PS128 128 3840 14.77 1.5 -13.27 PS384 384 3840 10.00 1.0 -9.00 REQ. EcNo (Static) USER DATA CHIP RATE (W) PG REQ. EbNo (Static) Processing Gain = W/R = 10 x Log (3840 Kcps/User Data Rate Kbps) Note : -Required EbNo is depend on : Receiver system, Data Rate, RF condition & MS speed as well
  • 15. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary  All signal from : Cell A (for all of it’s users), B, C, D become noise (RSSI) for signal dedicated for MS x  EcNo is the ratio of desired Signal for MS x : RSSI (dB). Term Energy chips is because it is still in chip rate (3.84 Mcps)  Since desired Signal is always lower than RSSI, EcNo is always negative  The desired Signal in MS x experience Processing Gain. It becomes much higher until some dB above all signal noises. This is called required Eb/No. Term Energy bit is because it is already in user data rate (bps) MS x Cell A Cell D Cell C Cell B EcNo = Received desired signal - RSSI Summed become RSSI Received desired signal Ec/No & Eb/No
  • 16. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Ec/No, Eb/No & Processing Gain for MS x BW, time Power for MS x BW, time Power Sum all signal become Total NoiseRSSI EcNo of MS x signal MS x for MS x BW, time Power Total NoisesRSSI Required EbNo of MS x signal PROCESSING GAIN In de-spreading & Integral process A C D B Note : -EcNo here is for User Data (not CPICH EcNo) -To minimize Total Noise, all transmission power must be as low as possible, regulated by Power Control -The higher user data rate, the higher transmission power (higher user data rate  lower PG) -The more far Node B – MS distance, the higher transmission power (link budget) EcNo = Required EbNo – PG
  • 17. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation STEP 2a. 2b. PROCESSINGGAIN TOTAL NOISE POWER = KTW + NF TOTAL NOISE POWER + IF MARGIN(ROT) Eb/No RECEIVER SENSITIVITY = TOTAL NOISE POWER – (PROCESSING GAIN - IF Margin – Eb/No) = TOTAL NOISE POWER – PROCCESSING GAIN + IF Margin + Eb/No Eb : Energy bit for a single user received at the cell After de-spreading, the bit energy to chip energy has a ratio equal to the chip rate to bit rate ratio : this is spreading gain or Processing Gain Ec : Energy Chip for a single user received at the cell Noise Floor increase with the receive power from other user as a function of the load of the cell
  • 18. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation STEP 2.b. Calculate Node B Receiver Total Noise Power Receiver Bandwidth = 10 * Log (chip rate) = 10 * Log (3840000) = 65.84 dB Total Noise Power = Thermal Noise Density – RX Bandwidth – RX Noise Figure = -173.83 + 65.84 + 3 = -104.99 dBm STEP 2.b. Calculate Node B Required Received Power (RX Sensitivity) Processing Gain = 10 * log (Chip Rate/RAB Rate) = 10 * log (3840000/64000) = 17.78 dB Interference Margin = -10 * log (1 – Uplink Load) = -10 * (1 – 0.5) = 3.01 dB Required Eb/No is Vendor Product related and should be around 2 for CS 64 Kbps RX Sensitivity = Total Noise Power – Processing Gain + Interference Margin + Eb/No = -104.99 – 17.78 + 3.01 + 2 = -117.76 dB
  • 19. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation STEP 3. Calculate Path Loss Max Path Loss = MS TX EIRP – (INCAR) Fade Margin – (INCAR) Penetration Margin – UL Power Control Headroom + Soft Handover Gain + RX Antenna System Gain – Required RX Power = 21– 6.1 – 8 – 1.8 – 2 + 15 – (-117.76) = 139.86 dB
  • 20. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation Calculate Cell Range and Site Coverage Area (Max Path Loss – Clutter Factor + 13.82 * log (ant height) – 0.001) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 44.9 - 6.55 * log (ant height) Cell Radius = 10^ Site Coverage = 3/2 * SQRT (3 * (Cell Radius)^2)
  • 21. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation HSDPA Link Budget • The different thing between R99 Link Budget and HSDPA Link Budget is that we have to calculate required Eb/No. • The required Eb/No is calculated and related to number of used code and throughput.
  • 22. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation  Select range for given throughput (VTHR)  Identify lower (LTHR) and higher (HTHR) boundary for throughput range  Identify lower (LCINR) and higher (HCINR) boundary for CINR range, that corresponds to throughput  Calculate gradient  Calculate CINR for selected throughput (VTHR)  Recalculate CINR to Eb/No CINRCINR THRTHR HL HL G − − = G LV LCINR THRTHR CINR − +=       ⋅+=+= THRV ChipRate CINRGainProcessingCINREbNo log10 I II III HSDPA Link Budget CALCULATING THROUGHPUT TO Eb/No
  • 23. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation HSDPA Link Budget CALCULATING THROUGHPUT TO Eb/No Throughput vs. SINR -17.24 -14.19 -11.21 -8.41 -5.85 -3.62 -20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 48.1 88.1 168.7 314 600 1012 Throughput (kbps) SINR(dB) 168.3 kbps is lower limit with -11.21 dB and 314 kbps is higher limit with -8.41dB Then gradient, which is 51.83 kbps/dB Then calculation of CINR  -9.64 dB And last CINR to Eb/No  2.22 dB CINRCINR THRTHR HL HL G − − = G LV LCINR THRTHR CINR − +=       ⋅+=+= THRV ChipRate CINRGainProcessingCINREbNo log10 Example: 250 kbps Lower limit 168.3 kbps Higher limit 314 kbps I II III • CINR value is mapped to the throughput with simple calculation • No limitation on what to put in the data rate input • The Eb/No is calculated from fixed CINR points
  • 24. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Steps Of Calculation HSDPA Link Budget
  • 25. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary RESULT : R99 & HSDPA General Design Services Required Ec/ No RSCP DESIGN INDOOR PENETRATION RSCP DESIGN IN CAR PENETRATION CQI Speech AMR 12.2 -12 -79 -94 ISHO Limited - Video CS 64kbps -12 -79 -94 ISHO Limited - UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps -12 -79 -94 ISHO Limited - UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps -12 -79 -94 ISHO Limited - UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps -12 -79 -94 ISHO Limited - UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps -12 -79 -94 Downlink Limited - UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes -10 -76 -91 Downlink Limited 10 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes -10 -73 -88 Downlink Limited 10 UL128 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes -10 -71 -86 Downlink Limited 10 * HSDPA 5 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 1024 kbps * HSDPA 10 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 2048 kbps * HSDPA 15 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps Services Required Ec/ No RSCP DESIGN INDOOR PENETRATION RSCP DESIGN IN CAR PENETRATION CQI UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes -10 -70 -85 Downlink Limited 17 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes -9 -67 -82 Downlink Limited 17 UL128 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes -9 -65 -80 Downlink Limited 17 * HSDPA 5 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 2048 kbps * HSDPA 10 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 4096 kbps * HSDPA 15 Codes with Cell Edge Throughput 6144 kbps
  • 26. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Details Result : Link Budget R99 CPICH RSCP DESIGN Required CPICH RSCP Measured By MS Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural Speech AMR 12.2 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 Video CS 64kbps -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 -102,00 CPICH RSCP For In Car Penet rat ion Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural Speech AMR 12.2 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 Video CS 64kbps -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 -94,00 CPICH RSCP For Indoor Penet rat ion Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural Speech AMR 12.2 -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70 Video CS 64kbps -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70 UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70 UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70 UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70 UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps -78,80 -78,80 -78,90 -79,70
  • 27. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Details Result : Link Budget R99 Cell Range and Coverage Area (In Car Penetration) Cell Radius (In CAR Penet rat ion) - Km Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural Speech AMR 12.2 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22 Video CS 64kbps 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22 UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22 UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22 UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22 UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps 0.96 1.06 1.14 1.22 Sit e Coverage Area (In CAR Penet rat ion) - Km2 Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural Speech AMR 12.2 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91 Video CS 64kbps 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91 UL64 kbps/DL64 kbps 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91 UL64 kbps/DL128 kbps 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91 UL64 kbps/DL256 kbps 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91 UL64 kbps/DL384 kbps 1.82 2.20 2.53 2.91
  • 28. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Details Result : Link Budget HSDPA CPICH RSCP DESIGN Required CPICH RSCP Measured By MS Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 1024 kbps) -97.22 -98.72 -100.32 -101.02 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 2048 kbps) -94.45 -95.95 -97.55 -98.25 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps) -92.06 -93.56 -95.16 -95.86 CPICH RSCP For In Car Penet rat ion Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 1024 kbps) -89.22 -90.72 -92.32 -93.02 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 2048 kbps) -86.45 -87.95 -89.55 -90.25 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps) -84.06 -85.56 -87.16 -87.86 CPICH RSCP For Indoor Penet rat ion Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 1024 kbps) -74.02 -74.82 -77.22 -78.72 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 2048 kbps) -71.25 -72.05 -74.45 -75.95 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps) -68.86 -69.66 -72.06 -73.56
  • 29. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Details Result : Link Budget HSDPA Cell Range and Coverage Area (In Car Penetration) Cell Radius (In CAR Penet rat ion) - Km Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 1150 kbps) 0.68 0.82 0.97 1.09 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 2200 kbps) 0.57 0.68 0.81 0.91 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps) 0.51 0.61 0.72 0.81 Sit e Coverage Area (In CAR Penet rat ion) - Km2 Services Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural UL64 kbps/HSDPA 5 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 1150 kbps) 0.90 1.31 1.85 2.33 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 10 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 2200 kbps) 0.63 0.91 1.29 1.61 UL64 kbps/HSDPA 15 Codes (Cell Edge Throughput 3072 kbps) 0.50 0.73 1.02 1.27
  • 30. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Details Result : Link Budget HSDPA CQI MAPPING
  • 31. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Antenna Parameter and Configuration
  • 32. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Antenna Parameter & Configuration CONFIG TYPE 13G Antenna is separately from 2G Antenna system
  • 33. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Antenna Parameter & Configuration CONFIG TYPE 2Using Dual Band Antenna for DCS 1800 and 3G, 4 WIDEBAND PORTS (2 Ports for DCS 1800 and 2 Ports for 3G)
  • 34. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Antenna Parameter & Configuration CONFIG TYPE 3Using Dual Band Antenna for GSM 900 and 3G
  • 35. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Antenna Parameter & Configuration CONFIG TYPE 4Using Triple Band Antenna for GSM 900, DCS 1800 and 3G (2 Ports for GSM 900 and 4 Ports wideband for DCS and 3G
  • 36. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Antenna Height & Tilting
  • 37. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Antenna Tilting for WCDMA CELL RANGE (d) Θver BW EMPIRICAL FORMULA taken from: Optimum Antenna Down tilt for Macro cellular WCDMA network by Jarno Niemela
  • 38. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Antenna Height &Tilting for WCDMA CALCULATED FROM PREVIOUS EMPIRICAL FORMULA Antenna Height Ranges DENSE URBAN 20 ~ 30 m URBAN 30 ~ 35 m SUB URBAN 35 ~ 40 m RURAL 40 ~ 50 m
  • 39. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary 2G 3G Antenna Co-sitting Required minimum isolation between 2G and 3G 30 dB Calculate minimum horizontal or vertical separation to achieve 30 dB isolation Dh=22+20 log(d/λ) – (Gt + Gr) Where: Dh : Horizontal isolation in dB. d : Horizontal distance between antennas in meter λ : Wave length associated to center frequency, in meter Gt :TX antenna gain at the direction of Rx and Tx connection line Gr : Rx antenna gain at the direction of Rx and Tx connection line d 2G antenna 3G antenna 3G antenna 2G antenna Dv=28+40 log(k /λ) Where, DV stands for vertical isolation, in dB k : Vertical distance between two antennas, in meter. λ : Wave length of center frequency, in meter. HORIZONTAL SEPARATION VERTICAL SEPARATION With required isolation 30 dB then • Min Horizontal Separation (d) = 0.42m • Min Vertical Separation (k) = 0.32m k
  • 40. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary 3rd Intermodulation Product • For active elements IM products levels are higher than IM products produced by passive components • Typical IM3 suppression values for power amplifiers are -30 … -50 dBc depending on frequency spacing and offset. • Typical values for passive elements are -100 … -160 dBc GSM1800 IM3 products are hitting into the WCDMA FDD UL RX band if • 1862.6 ≤ f2 ≤ 1879.8 MHz • 1805.2 ≤ f1 ≤ 1839.6 MHz • Intermodulation product 3rd could only influence Telkomsel WCDMA band if XL and Hutch -with certain frequency above, were located in same place • the possibility of harmful IM3 to WCDMA caused by other system is small unless there was other factor such as bad link system in our own WCDMA nodeB • It was imposible to have harmful IM3 caused by other system/operator in our 900 or 1800 band
  • 41. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary 2nd Harmonics • Harmonics distortion can be problem in case of co-siting of GSM900 and WCDMA • GSM 900 DL with frekuensi 950-960Mhz and the second harmonics may fall into WCDMA TDD band and into the lower end of FDD band TELKOMSEL WCDMA BAND Harmful 2nd Harmonic Ch Number DL UL 10663 2132.6 1942.6 970.05 ~ 972.55 MHz 10638 2127.6 1937.6 967.55 ~ 970.05 MHz • Harmful of other system second harmonics come from frequency 971.3 Mhz • Since there is no operator in Indonesia using frequency 970.05~972.55 and 967.55~970.05 then Telkomsel WCDMA is free from second harmonics of other system
  • 42. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Shadowing The radiated power towards the roof plane/building edge should be more than 10 dB less than the maximum radiated power of the main beam (Usually 10 ~ 16 degree from main vertical beam)
  • 43. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Soft Handover Area
  • 44. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary SHO Area PARAMETER RT NRT RT NRT RT NRT SHO PARAMETER DEFINITION Max no of active set cells 3 3 3 3 3 3 Addition window 2.5 2 2.5 2 2.5 2 Replacement window 2 2 2 2 2 2 Drop window 4 3.5 4 3.5 4 3.5 SHO AREAS Softer handover area 20% ~ 40% 15% ~ 35% 20% ~ 40% 15% ~ 35% 20% ~ 40% 15% ~ 35% Soft handover area - SHO to 1st tier neighbor cells 15% ~ 35% 10% ~ 30% 15% ~ 35% 10% ~ 30% 15% ~ 35% 10% ~ 30% - SHO to 2nd tier neighbor cells 0% ~ 5% 0% ~ 3% 0% ~ 5% 0% ~ 3% 0% ~ 5% 0% ~ 3% - SHO to beyond 2nd tier neighbor cells 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% No of active set cell distribution : - 1 cell 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% 70% - 2 cells 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% - 3 cells 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% DENSE URBAN URBAN SUB URBAN SHO AREAS STANDARDIZATION
  • 45. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Micro Outdoor Cell
  • 46. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Micro Outdoor Cell  Criteria of deployment area :  Protocol road that is blocked by HRB that create obstacle for signal from nearest Macro cells (example : Jl Sudirman, Jl Thamrin, Jl HR Rasuna Said, Jl Merdeka Timur, Jl Gajah Mada)  Busy interchange or junction that has no dominant server from surrounding Macro cells (example : Semanggi Bridge, Perempatan Kuningan, Perempatan Pancoran, Cawang Interchange, Perempatan Grogol)  Micro Outdoor Cell parameter :  No of sector = 2  CPICH power = 30 dBm  Antenna height = 9 mtr  Antenna gain = 8 dBi  Antenna direction = traffic on the road  Antenna mechanical tilt = 0 deg, Electrical Tilt = 2 ~ 4 deg  Site to site distance = 400 mtr
  • 47. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Micro Outdoor Cell Antenna Specifications for Micro Outdoor Cell
  • 48. Telkomsel. So Close So Real Radio Network PlanningRadio Network Planning © Confidential Proprietary Thanks