2. • Field Reporter is as an analyst or a side-line reporter. They just provide
additional coverage. If you watch sports (i.e. Basket Ball, NASCAR) where
two teams or more compete, you can't just have one reporter running
around so you have additional reporters to compliment the main reporter
(who at time is the commentator) at the event.
• Links to studio; switching directly between studio and live area or reverse.
• Either a separate program or built into the Web browser, a newsreader is
used to read messages from syndication feeds such as RSS and Atom.
Newsreaders were first used for Usenet, the Internet-based discussion
groups that existed a decade before the Web came about.
Also called an "RSS reader," "news aggregator," "feed viewer" or
"headline viewer," some newsreader programs provide a search capability
for both newsgroups and feeds as well as local e-mail messages, contacts
and other files.
• A mode of address is the way in which a person is introduced/presented , for
example ‘Sir’ or ‘Dame’. For formats of news, a mode of address would be in
how the news is presented, in a formal or informal manner; presenters
address the viewers in a formal way, often opening with ‘good evening’.

3. • Interviewing; A formal discussion between two or more
people, interviewing is used to sell products, debates or
to clear matters up.
• Experts and witnesses; these people are called upon
during interviews and live shows to discuss the topic in
question.
• Actuality footage; Real footage like footage from the war
in Afghanistan.

4. • Structure
• News reports are found in newspapers and their purpose is to inform readers of what is
• happening in the world around them. News reports have a certain structure that you need to
• follow. This structure is sometimes called the Inverted Pyramid. This is what it looks like:
• 1. News Reports begin with a catchy HEADLINE.
• 2. The LEAD PARAGRAPH informs the reader of the most important aspects of the story as
• soon as possible. The LEAD PARAGRAPH is often the only part of the story that people
• read. Use the ‘5Ws rule’:
• • WHO (is involved)
• • WHAT (took place)
• • WHEN (did it take place)
• • WHERE (did it take place)
• • WHY (did it happen)
• • HOW (did it happen) – only include this if there is space
• 3. The BODY of the News Report gives more details and provides more information about
• the WHY and HOW of the story.
• 4. The TAIL contains the less important information which is often omitted by the newspaper
• editor if there is not enough space left in the newspaper.
• Hints
• • Your News Report should be easy to understand; every news story should be able
• to be read by a twelve year old!
• • Try to be fair – include both sides of the story and don’t let your personal opinion
• get in the way of reporting the ‘facts’.

5. 'reassembling fragments of the world', a transformation
The Poetic Mode of historical material into a more abstract, lyrical form,
usually associated with 1920s and modernist ideas
'direct address', social issues assembled into an
argumentative frame, mediated by a voice-of-God
The Expository Mode narration, associated with 1920s-1930s, and some of the
rhetoric and polemic surrounding World War Two
as technology advanced by the 1960s and cameras
became smaller and lighter, able to document life in a
less intrusive manner, there is less control required over
The Observational Mode lighting etc, leaving the social actors free to act and the
documentarists free to record without interacting with
each other
the encounter between film-maker and subject is
recorded, as the film-maker actively engages with the
The Participatory Mode situation they are documenting, asking questions of their
subjects, sharing experiences with them. Heavily reliant
on the honesty of witnesses
demonstrates consciousness of the process of reading
documentary, and engages actively with the issues of
The Reflexive Mode realism and representation, acknowledging the presence
of the viewer and the modality judgements they arrive
at. Corresponds to critical theory of the 1980s
acknowledges the emotional and subjective aspects of
documentary, and presents ideas as part of a context,
The Performative Mode having different meanings for different people, often
autobiographical in nature