How to deploy PHP projects with docker

Docker x PHP
How to deploy PHP projects with docker.
PHPConf 2014

Who am I ?
• Ruoshi Lin (@fntsrlike)!
• 深藏若虛!
• 2.5 Y PHPer !
• fntsr.tw
Photo by

What will I Talk today?
Application!
20%
Use!
35%
Story!
10%
Concept!
35%

What story I wanna!
talk before speech ?

The situation we!
deploy PHP Projects!
that we feel HHUURRTT

PHP Version Requirement
Laravel
Symfony
CodeIgniter Phalcon
Yii
Wordpress
Joomla
MediaWiki
DokuWiki
Drupal 6 Drupal 7 Drupal 8

Laravel
Symfony
There are so many!
PHP Projects…
CodeIgniter Phalcon
Yii
Wordpress
Joomla
MediaWiki
DokuWiki
Drupal 6 Drupal 7 Drupal 8

Symfony 5.3.3+
Laravel 5.4+
Yii 5.1+
But version !
requirement !
are different!?
CodeIgniter 5.1.6+ Phalcon 5.3+!
DokuWiki 5.2
Wordpress 5.2.4+
Joomla! 5.4+
MediaWiki 5.3.2+
Drupal-7 Drupal-6 5.2.x 5.2.5+ Drupal-8 5.4+

WHICH PHP `
VERSION !
SHOULD I INSTALLED ?
Symfony 5.3.3+
Laravel 5.4+
Yii 5.1+
CodeIgniter 5.1.6+ Phalcon 5.3+!
DokuWiki 5.2
Wordpress 5.2.4+
Joomla! 5.4+
MediaWiki 5.3.2+
Drupal-7 Drupal-6 5.2.x 5.2.5+ Drupal-8 5.4+

Multifarious Extension
apxs2, bcmath, bz2, calendar, cgi, cli,
ctype, dba, debug, dom, embed, exif,
fileinfo, filter, fpm, ftp, gcov, gd, gettext,
hash, iconv, icu, imap, intl, ipc, ipv6,
json, kerberos, mbregex, mbstring,
mcrypt, mhash, mysql, openssl, pcntl,
pcre, pdo, pgsql, phar, posix, readline,
session, soap, sockets, sqlite, tidy,
tokenizer, xml_all, xmlrpc, zip, zlib

Multifarious Extension
apxs2, bcmath, bz2, calendar, cgi, cli,
ctype, dba, debug, dom, embed, exif,
fileinfo, filter, fpm, ftp, gcov, gd, gettext,
hash, iconv, icu, imap, intl, ipc, ipv6,
PECL? !
Recompiled?
json, kerberos, mbregex, mbstring,
mcrypt, mhash, mysql, openssl, pcntl,
pcre, pdo, pgsql, phar, posix, readline,
session, soap, sockets, sqlite, tidy,
tokenizer, xml_all, xmlrpc, zip, zlib

One Server Multi Projects
Server
App 1
PHP
MySQL
etc…
App 2
PHP
MySQL
etc…
App n
PHP, DB,
etc…
……

One Server Multi Projects
Server
App 1
PHP 5.3.2,
MySQL 5.0.2,
etc…
App 2
PHP 5.4,
MySQL 5.0.15,
etc…
App n
PHP 5.4,
MariaDB,
etc…
……
BUT DIFFERENT
REQUIRMENT

某某專案需要更⾼高的PHP版本，我今天要把
伺服器的PHP版本升級喲～

+ PHPBrew
Almost enough.
@c9s

+ PHPBrew
Almost enough.
But may we had !
encapsulation and portability ?
@c9s

That's awesome!
But may it be more lightweight?

Maybe you can try to use
DOCKER!

How docker can help us?
Built specify environment for target project.

Built specify environment for target project.!
Isolate every project space.

Isolate every project space.!
Package it and be portable.

Isolate every project space.!
Package it and be portable.!
Deploy lightweight and fast.

What is it?
Build, Ship and Run
Any App, Anywhere
Docker - An open platform for distributed
applications for developers and sysadmins.
－docker.io

LXC !
Not VM !
What is it?
Encapsulation!
Portability !
Lightweight

LXC
Linux Container is a userspace interface !
for the Linux kernel containment features.

LXC
Linux Container is a userspace interface !
for the Linux kernel containment features.
What?

LXC
!
Kernel
namespaces!
PID, mount,
user, network,
UTS, IPC!

LXC
!
Kernel
namespaces!
Cgroups
PID, mount,
user, network,
UTS, IPC!
cpu, memory,
disk I/O!

LXC
!
Kernel
namespaces!
Cgroups Chroot
PID, mount,
user, network,
UTS, IPC!
cpu, memory,
disk I/O!
File system!

What different between
VM and Docker

Virtual Machine
App'
/usr/bin, /usr/lib, …
Hypervisor
Host OS
Server
App
Guest OS
App 2
Guest OS
Guest OS

Virtual Machine
VM1 VM2 VM3
App'
Hypervisor
Host OS
Server
App
Guest OS
App 2
Guest OS
Guest OS

Virtual Machine
VM1 VM2 VM3
PHP App'
PHP 5.3
Hypervisor
Host OS
Server
PHP App
PHP 5.2
Guest OS
PHP App2
PHP 5.4
Guest OS
Guest OS

Docker
PHP !
App3
/bin, /lib
Host OS
Server
Docker
PHP !
App4
/bin, /lib
PHP !
App
PHP !
App`
/bin, /lib

Docker
PHP !
App3
/bin, /lib
Host OS
Server
Docker
Docker container
PHP !
App4
/bin, /lib
PHP !
App
PHP !
App`
/bin, /lib

Docker
PHP !
App3
PHP 5.3
Host OS
Server
Docker
Docker container
PHP !
App4
PHP 5.4
PHP !
App
PHP !
App`
PHP 5.2

Docker
PHP !
App3
PHP 5.3
Host OS
Server
Docker
Docker container
PHP !
App4
PHP 5.4
Shared FS with AUFS
PHP !
App
PHP !
App`
PHP 5.2

Docker Container
Container
Image (apache)
Base image (Ubuntu)
Container Container
Docker
Image (nginx)
LXC AUFS
Kernel
Image (php)
Base image (CentOS)

Docker Container
Container
Image (apache)
Parent ! Container Container
Reference
Base image (Ubuntu)
Docker
Image (nginx)
LXC AUFS
Kernel
Image (php)
Base image (CentOS)

We knew LXC,!
but what is AUFS?

AUFS
• Layered FS!
• Share commonFS!
• RO & RW!
• Used to share between container

AUFS
• Layered FS!
• Share commonFS!
• RO & RW!
• Used to share between container
Can't understand? Let's see the Picture!

AUFS
Add Files C
Add Files B
Add Files A
Delete Files B
Add Files E
Add Files D

AUFS
Add Files C
Add Files B
Add Files A
Delete Files B
Add Files E
Add Files D
Layered FS

AUFS
Add Files C
Add Files B
Add Files A
Delete Files B
Add Files E
Add Files D
Share commonFS

AUFS
Image
Image
Base image
Container
Container
Container

AUFS
Image
Image
Base image
Container
Container
Container
ReadOnly
ReadWrite

AUFS
Used to share between container
Image
Image
Base image
Container
Container
Container

Images
ReadOnly Layer!
Don't change. !
Environments!
Used to be container

Containers
ReadWrite Layer!
Running Process!
Built with one or more images!
Commit change to create image

Docker Container
Container
Image (apache)
Base image (Ubuntu)
Container Container
Docker
Image (nginx)
LXC AUFS
Kernel
Image (php)
Base image (CentOS)
Read!
Only

Docker Container
Container
Image (apache)
Base image (Ubuntu)
Container Container
Docker
Image (nginx)
LXC AUFS
Kernel
Image (php)
Base image (CentOS)
Read!
Only
Writable

Relationship between
image and container
ImageImage!
!
(registry)
(registry)

image and container
Image!
(local)
PULL
Image!
(registry)

image and container
Image!
(registry)
RUN
Container
Image!
(local)
PULL

image and container
Image!
(registry)
RUN
Container
Container'
Image!
(local)
CHANGE
PULL

image and container
Image!
(registry)
RUN
Container
Container'
CHANGE
COMMIT
Image!
(local)
PULL

image and container
Image!
(registry)
RUN
Container
Container'
CHANGE
COMMIT
Image!
(local)
PULL
PUSH
Image!
(registry)

image and container
Image!
(registry)
RUN
Container
Container'
CHANGE
COMMIT
Image!
(local)
PULL
PUSH

Requirements
Linux kernel 3.8+!
LXC!
AUFS

Installation
• Linux by package manager!
• OS X, Windows by boot2docker!
• Version 1.20

Installation
• Linux by package manager!
• OS X, Windows by boot2docker!
• Version 1.20
1.3.0 released!
2014/10/16
Same day as my birthday >///<

Version
$ docker version
Client version: 1.3.0
Client API version: 1.15
Go version (client): go1.3.3
Git commit (client): c78088f
OS/Arch (client): linux/amd64
Server version: 1.3.0
Server API version: 1.15
Go version (server): go1.3.3
Git commit (server): c78088f

Info
$ docker info
Containers: 4
Images: 71
Storage Driver: aufs
Root Dir: /var/lib/docker/aufs
Dirs: 79
Execution Driver: native-0.2
Kernel Version: 3.13.0-36-generic
Operating System: Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS

Pull base image(s)
$ docker pull ubuntu

Pull base image(s)
image name

Pull base image(s)
Pulling repository ubuntu
463ff6be4238: Download complete
9cbaf023786c: Download complete
2185fd50e2ca: Download complete
a9561eb1b190: Download complete
3db9c44f4520: Download complete
195eb90b5349: Download complete
c5881f11ded9: Download complete
511136ea3c5a: Download complete
500cae81e00f: Download complete
3ed75c4904e0: Download complete
b8c495ea8a4e: Download complete
0f154c52e965: Download complete
f180ea115597: Download complete
bac448df371d: Download complete
……

List images
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
ubuntu 14.10 2185fd50e2ca 28 hours ago 237.2 MB
ubuntu utopic 2185fd50e2ca 28 hours ago 237.2 MB
ubuntu 14.04.1 9cbaf023786c 28 hours ago 192.8 MB
ubuntu 14.04 9cbaf023786c 28 hours ago 192.8 MB
ubuntu trusty 9cbaf023786c 28 hours ago 192.8 MB
ubuntu latest 9cbaf023786c 28 hours ago 192.8 MB
ubuntu precise a9561eb1b190 28 hours ago 120.2 MB
ubuntu 12.04.5 a9561eb1b190 28 hours ago 120.2 MB
ubuntu 12.04 a9561eb1b190 28 hours ago 120.2 MB
ubuntu 12.10 c5881f11ded9 3 months ago 172.2 MB
ubuntu quantal c5881f11ded9 3 months ago 172.2 MB
ubuntu 13.04 463ff6be4238 3 months ago 169.4 MB
ubuntu raring 463ff6be4238 3 months ago 169.4 MB
ubuntu 13.10 195eb90b5349 3 months ago 184.7 MB
ubuntu saucy 195eb90b5349 3 months ago 184.7 MB
……

Run and List container
$ docker run ubuntu:trusty /bin/echo "hello, world"
hello, world

hello, world
image name

hello, world
image name execute

hello, world
image name execute argument

hello, world
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
73ec6de5630b ubuntu:14.04 "/bin/echo 'hello, w 2 hours ago Exited (0) sad_engelbart

hello, world
$ docker ps -a
73ec6de5630b ubuntu:14.04 "/bin/echo 'hello, w 2 hours ago Exited (0) sad_engelbart
The container is finished, so we use -a

Run and list running container
docker run ubuntu:latest /bin/sh -c
"while true; do echo hello, world; sleep 1; done;"
hello, world
hello, world
……
$ docker ps
8e46bc2bd17d ubuntu:14.04 "/bin/sh -c 2 hours ago Up 5 seconds lonely_brow

Run and list running container
docker run ubuntu:latest /bin/sh -c
hello, world
hello, world
……
The container is running until we stop it
$ docker ps
8e46bc2bd17d ubuntu:14.04 "/bin/sh -c 2 hours ago Up 5 seconds lonely_brow

Run running container in deamon
docker run -d ubuntu:latest /bin/sh -c
90f0ca0a13014ef82f33a2fbef646d8c2cd2b1b260b0d6e71fc46e553560babb
$ docker ps
90f0ca0a1301 ubuntu:14.04 "/bin/sh -c 2 hours ago Up 5 seconds lonely_brow

Run running container in deamon
docker run -d ubuntu:latest /bin/sh -c
90f0ca0a13014ef82f33a2fbef646d8c2cd2b1b260b0d6e71fc46e553560babb
We use container id to manage it
$ docker ps
90f0ca0a1301 ubuntu:14.04 "/bin/sh -c 2 hours ago Up 5 seconds lonely_brow

Logs and Attach Container
$ docker logs 90f0ca
hello, world
hello, world
……
$ docker attach 90f0ca
hello, world
hello, world
……

hello, world
hello, world
……
hello, world
hello, world
……
Get logs

hello, world
hello, world
……
hello, world
hello, world
……
Get logs
Back to container console

hello, world
hello, world
……
hello, world
hello, world
……
Get logs
Back to container console
「CTRL-p CTRL-q」 to detach.!

Commit
$ docker run -i -t php:5.6.1-apache /bin/bash!
root@4441f36ebab1:/#
You do some change ……
Sets STDIN and open a PTY

Commit
$ docker ps -a!
6a495e871389 php:5-apache "/bin/bash" 24 minutes ago Exited (0) cranky_morse

Commit
$ docker ps -a!
$ docker commit 6a495e871389 fntsr/first-image!
2006ba62eb6508560ae38782ee514a4212d29ea4e4a2e7495b1eedf155fe13df

Commit
$ docker ps -a!
<username>/<image_name>

Commit
$ docker ps -a!
$ docker images!
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
fntsr/first-image latest 2006ba62eb65 22 minutes ago 803.6 MB

Expose Port
docker run -d -p 80 nginx
c63fda2248d0dcf90a90cc817d1acb6c9546db841128ca7558ff1f496ad4f8fb
$ docker ps -a!
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS
c63fda2248d0 nginx:1 "nginx… 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:49153->80/tcp

Expose Port
-p <guest_port>!
$ docker ps -a!

Expose Port
-p <guest_port>!
$ docker ps -a!
Expose 80 to 49153
(random)
Expose to random port

Expose Port
docker run -d -p 10080:80 nginx
afd45d0f7d34baf90dbef109ae167c99a49432080adc8621e8cd7e18a4004658
$ docker ps -a!
afd45d0f7d34 nginx:1 "nginx… 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10080->80/tcp

Expose Port
-p <host_port>:<guest_port>
$ docker ps -a!

Expose Port
-p <host_port>:<guest_port>
$ docker ps -a!
Expose 80 to 10080
(assigned)
Expose to assigned port

Expose Port
docker run -d -p 127.0.0.1:10080:80 nginx
76d00613ccb3576ef604c61f4d086aa6f090ed7268c42638f1931e235c0fe526
$ docker ps -a!
76d00613ccb3 nginx:1 "nginx… 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 443/tcp, 127.0.0.1:10080->80/tcp

Expose Port
-p <hostname>:<host_port>:<guest_port>
$ docker ps -a!

Expose Port
Expose to host with hostname
-p <hostname>:<host_port>:<guest_port>
$ docker ps -a!
Expose with host name

Expose Port
docker run -d -P nginx
2123f55d26fc3d5824492ed8ad4d7f9e28ed5d749e7d401e21a1bb0002f65048
$ docker ps -a!
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED PORTS
afd45d0f7d34 nginx:1 "nginx… Up 5 seconds 0.0.0.0:49154->443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:49155->80/tcp

Expose Port
-P
$ docker ps -a!

Expose Port
-P
Expose all port of container !
with host random port
$ docker ps -a!
443 expose to 49154
(random)

How could I back to running
container and do another thing?
• attach!

• attach! It can only run one process.

• attach!
• exec
It can only run one process.

• attach!
• exec
It can only run one process.
It's added on docker 1.3 (rock)

Alias
$ docker run nginx --name my-nginx -d nginx
4441f36ebab1975004782ea6d03198fd8ced8472cf34721f9906cbebfe61872d"

Alias
$ docker exec -it nginx bin/bash
CONTAINER ID IMAGE …… STATUS PORTS NAMES
4441f36ebab1 nginx:latest Up 4 seconds 443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp my-nginx

$ docker exec -it my-nginx bin/bash
root@4441f36ebab1:/#
Alias
$ docker exec -it nginx bin/bash
CONTAINER ID IMAGE …… STATUS PORTS NAMES
4441f36ebab1 nginx:latest Up 4 seconds 443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp my-nginx

Linking
We don't have enough time…
Let's see picture again! XD

Linking
PHP+Nginx!
Container
Host
MySQL!
Container
Port
Port

Linking
PHP+Nginx!
Container
Host
MySQL!
Container
Port
Port
Let's try to hack!

Linking
PHP+Nginx!
Container
Host
MySQL!
Container
Port
Port
斷開鎖鏈！

Linking
PHP+Nginx!
Container
Host
MySQL!
Container
Port
Link
Port
移情別戀！（不對

Linking
PHP+Nginx!
Container
Host
MySQL!
Container
Port
Link
Oops!
More Secure

Host
volume directory
/var/www/html
……
……
Container

Host
volume directory
/var/www/html
……
……
Container
Isolation

Host
volume directory
/var/www/html
……
……
Container
How could we mount
container's directory to host?

Host
volume directory
/var/www/html
……
……
Volume Container

Host
volume directory
/var/www/html
……
……
Volume Container
• Real time changes

Host
volume directory
/var/www/html
……
……
Volume Container
• Real time changes!
• Exist until container destroyed!

Host
volume directory
/var/www/html
……
……
Volume Container
• Real time changes!
• Exist until container destroyed!
• Can set RO mode.

Share Volume between containers
Host
volume directory
/var/www/html
……
……
Container A
/var/www/html
……
Container B

Share Volume between containers
Host
volume directory
/var/www/html
……
……
Container A Volume
/var/www/html
……
Container B

Dockerfile
• Automatically built images and deploy!
• Automated Builds on Docker Hub!
• Easy to share and customize config!
!

We don't have time to talk how to write…but official
document is completed.

Single app container
Volume
PHP App
/var/www/html PHP 5.6
…… Nginx
MySQL
……
Port

Single app container
Volume
PHP App
/var/www/html PHP 5.6
…… Nginx
MySQL
……
Port
Not recommend use for production

Container Groups
Volume /var/www/html
PHP App
…… Nginx
/var/lib/mysql/
……
PHP 5.6
MySQL
……
App Container
DB Container
Port
Port
Easy to manage

Separate containers
FS nginx container
FS
php container
…… PHP-apache
FS MySQL container
…… MySQL
Volume
PHP App
……
Link
Link
Port
…… Nginx
volume
Using in production

Data Only Container
Volume /data
8421917fbed8aa018ad3….
……
/data
……
……
DB-data Container
volume from
DB Container
volume

How could I use docker
to solve problem?

Multi PHP Projects
HOST
Nginx
PHP project A
/var/www/html
……
PHP:5.6-apache !
Container
PHP project B
/var/www/html
……
PHP:5.5-apache !
…… Container
/var/www/html ……

Multi PHP Projects
HOST
Nginx
PHP project A
/var/www/html
……
PHP:5.6-apache !
Container
PHP project B
/var/www/html
……
PHP:5.5-apache !
…… Container
volume

Multi PHP Projects
HOST
Nginx
PHP project A
/var/www/html
……
PHP:5.6-apache !
Container
/data
……
DB Container
PHP project B
/var/www/html
……
PHP:5.5-apache !
…… Container
DB!
Link
volume

Multi PHP Projects
HOST
Nginx
PHP project A
/var/www/html
……
PHP:5.6-apache !
Container
/data
……
DB Container
PHP project B
/var/www/html
……
PHP:5.5-apache !
…… Container
DB!
Link
volume
Port

Thank you.
Thanks my girlfriend especially.

Resource & Reference
• Docker Documentation!
• Digital Ocean!
• boot2docker!
• Ship it with Docker! by Xabier Larrakoetxea!
• Docker.Taipei!
• Flat UI Colors!
• IcoMoon App

How to deploy PHP projects with docker

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