What is Computer Network? What is Networking? Application of Networks. Network criteria. Types of Network. LAN, MAN, WAN, Workstation, Workgroup, Domain.

1. Computer Networks
Unit - 1
Basics of Network and Networking
Date:
Presented By:
Rubal Sagwal
Department of Computer Engineering
NIT, Kurukshetra
Book Ref :
Data Communication and Networking
(Behrouz A. Forouzan)
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2. Contents
• Introduction
• Types of network
• Network basic terminology
• Types of network architecture
• Workgroup
• Domain
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3. Introduction
Network – Computer Network – Advantages
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4. Network
• WHAT?
A group or system of interconnected people or things.
• Why?
Connection
Communication
• Where?
When we need to transfer anything.
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5. Computer Network
• A computer network is a set of devices (often
referred to as node) connected by communication
links.
• A node can be a computer, printer or any other
device capable of sending or receiving data
generated by other nodes on the network.
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6. Computer Network
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7. Networking
• Networking is a process of communication between
two or more remote parties, that involves the
connection of computers, media and networking
devices.
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8. Network Applications
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Network
Application

9. Advantages of Networking
• Easy communication
• File, data and information sharing
• Resource sharing (hardware)
• Increase storage capacity
• Reduce cost
• Save time
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10. Types of Networks
Physical Structure – LAN – WAN – MAN
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11. Types of Network
1. Point to Point:
2. Multipoint:
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12. Categories of Network
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13. Network Criteria
• Performance
Transit Time
Response Time
• Reliability
Recovery from a failure
• Security
Protecting data from:
• Unauthorized User
• Damage
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14. Network Terms
Host– Workstation– Server– Client– Node
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15. Host
• A network host is a computer or other device
connected to a computer network.
• A network host may offer information resources,
services, and applications to users or others nodes
on the network.
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16. Workstation
• A workstation (WS) is a computer dedicated to a
user or group of users engaged in business or
professional work.
• It includes one or more high resolution displays and
a faster processor than a personal computer (PC).
• Useful for Distributed Computing.
• Different from PC:
• Faster
• More capable
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17. Client and Server
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18. Client and Server
• For process to process commutation we need Client
Server Paradigm.
• A process on local host, called a client, needs
services from a process usually on the remote host
called a server.
• So, a server is an a computer program that accepts
and responds to requests made by another
program, known as a client.
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19. Node
• A node can be a computer or some other device
such as printer that can receive, create, store or
send data along distributed network routes.
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20. Types of Network
Architecture
Peer to Peer – Client Server Model
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21. Peer-to-Peer Network
• A peer-to-peer network is one in which two or
more PCs share files and access to devices such as
printers without requiring a separate server
computer or server software.
Client-Server Network
• In client-server model, where client request for a
service to a server and server replies according to
client request.
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22. Data Flow
Simplex – Half Duplex – Full Duplex
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23. Simplex Mode
• In Simplex mode:
• Communication is unidirectional,
• Only one can transmit and other can receive.
• Ex: keyboard and monitor
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Simplex Communication Structure
Direction of Data

24. Half-Duplex Mode
• In Half Duplex mode:
• Both can transmit and receive,
• But not at a same time.
• At a time, only one can send or receive.
• Ex: Walkie-talkies
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Direction of Data at time 1
Half Duplex Communication Structure
Direction of Data at time 2

25. Full-Duplex (Duplex) Mode
• In Full Duplex mode:
• Both station can transmit and receive simultaneously,
• But at a same time.
• Ex: Telephone Networks
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Full Duplex Communication Structure
Direction of Data

26. Workgroup Vs. Domain
Workgroup – Domain
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27. Workgroup
• A workgroup is a peer-to-peer network using
common software. A workgroup allows all
participating and connected systems to access
shared resources such as files, system resources
and printers.
Domain
• In a domain is a subnetwork made up of a group of
clients and servers under the control of one central
security database.
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28. Workgroup Vs Domain
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Domain Workgroup
• Computers on workplace networks
are usually part of a domain.
• Computers on home networks are
usually part of a workgroup.
• One or more computers are server. • All computers are peers.
• For data security. • No data security.

29. Summery
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• Have studied about Network.
• Networking
• Networking Terms
• Data flow in a Network
• Network architecture
• Work group and Domain.