Please answer the above question- Heat is to be transferred through a.docx

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Please answer the above question? Heat is to be transferred through a plane wall of thickness H = 1.25 cm, which is composed of a material with thermal conductivity k = 200 W/mK. On the left of the wall is a fluid with T = 120 degree C and hi =450 W/m2K. On the right of the wall is a fluid with T,2 = 20 degree C and h2 =25 W/m2K. It is desired lo enhance heat transfer between two fluids bv using straight, rectangular fins of length L = 2.5 cm, thickness t = 0.16 cm. and 80 fins per meter. Assuming 1-D representation, find heat transfer rate between the two fluids, per unit area of the wall if There are no fins The fins are added to the right only The fins are added on both sides Note - Draw thermal circuit for each case, showing the value of all resistances. Solution a) When there are no fins. Total thermal resistance R = 1 / (h_inf1 *A) + H/(kA) + 1 / (h_inf2 *A) Taking a unit area (A = 1 m^2), we get R = 1 / (450*1) + (1.25*10^-2) / (200*1) + 1 / (25*1) R = 0.04228 K / W Heat transfer rate Q = (T_inf1 - T_inf2) / R Q = (120 - 20) / 0.04228 Q = 2364.9 W b) For rectangular Fin, perimeter P = 2(w + t) ...where w = width, t = thickness For rectangular fin, area A = w*t Thus, P / A = 2*(w+t) / (wt) = 2*(1 + 0.0016) / (1*0.0016) = 1252 L = 2.5 cm = 0.025 m t = 0.16 cm = 0.0016 m For fins, mL = sqrt (hP*L^2 / (kA)) = sqrt (25*1252*0.025^2 / 200) = 0.3127 For rectangular fin, R_fin = 1 / (sqrt (kAhP) Tanh (mL)) R_fin = 1/ sqrt (200*(1*0.0016)*25*2*(1 + 0.0016)) Tanh 0.3127 R_fin = 0.8254 K / W Covective Resistance of right side wall = 1 / (25*1) = 0.04 K/W All the 80 fins and the right side wall are in thermally connected in parallel. Their equivalent thermal resistance is R = 1 / [1 / 0.04 + (1/0.8254 + 1/ 0.8254 + .............80 times)] R = 0.0082 K/W This R and left side wall and slab are connected in series. Equivalent R = 1 / (450*1) + (1.25*10^-2) / (200*1) + 0.0082 R = 0.01048 K/W Q = (T_inf1 - T_inf2) / R Q = (120 - 20) / 0.01048 Q = 9537.7 W c) Convective resistance of left side wall = 1 / (450*1) = 0.0022 K/W Equivalent resistance for the 80 fins on left and the right side convective boundary is R = 1 / [1 / 0.0022 + (1/0.8254 + 1/ 0.8254 + .............80 times)] R = 0.001828 K / W Net resistance R = 0.001828 + (1.25*10^-2) / (200*1) + 0.0082 R = 0.01 K/W Q = (T_inf1 - T_inf2) / R Q = (120 - 20) / 0.01 Q = 9909.9 W .

Bildung

b)
For rectangular Fin, perimeter P = 2(w + t) ...where w = width, t = thickness
For rectangular fin, area A = w*t
Thus, P / A = 2*(w+t) / (wt) = 2*(1 + 0.0016) / (1*0.0016) = 1252
L = 2.5 cm = 0.025 m
t = 0.16 cm = 0.0016 m
For fins, mL = sqrt (hP*L^2 / (kA)) = sqrt (25*1252*0.025^2 / 200) = 0.3127
For rectangular fin, R_fin = 1 / (sqrt (kAhP) Tanh (mL))
R_fin = 1/ sqrt (200*(1*0.0016)*25*2*(1 + 0.0016)) Tanh 0.3127
R_fin = 0.8254 K / W
Covective Resistance of right side wall = 1 / (25*1) = 0.04 K/W
All the 80 fins and the right side wall are in thermally connected in parallel. Their equivalent
thermal resistance is
R = 1 / [1 / 0.04 + (1/0.8254 + 1/ 0.8254 + .............80 times)]
R = 0.0082 K/W

This R and left side wall and slab are connected in series.
Equivalent R = 1 / (450*1) + (1.25*10^-2) / (200*1) + 0.0082
R = 0.01048 K/W
Q = (T_inf1 - T_inf2) / R
Q = (120 - 20) / 0.01048
Q = 9537.7 W
c)
Convective resistance of left side wall = 1 / (450*1) = 0.0022 K/W
Equivalent resistance for the 80 fins on left and the right side convective boundary is
R = 1 / [1 / 0.0022 + (1/0.8254 + 1/ 0.8254 + .............80 times)]
R = 0.001828 K / W
Net resistance R = 0.001828 + (1.25*10^-2) / (200*1) + 0.0082
R = 0.01 K/W
Q = (T_inf1 - T_inf2) / R
Q = (120 - 20) / 0.01
Q = 9909.9 W

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Peruse the readings by Bennis and Nanus- Schein- and Ulrich and Lake-.docx

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Why do some authors view investment cash flow sensitivity as a symptom of underinvestment while others see it as symptoms of overinvestment? Solution Answer: Investment cash flow sensitivity, some autohers consider asymmetric information theory which supposes that the information is not equally distributed between managers and suppliers of external finance, and other refer to agency theory.An assumption of asymmentric information theory is that managers act in the best intersts of existing sharehonders and extrenal investors can not assess the quality of investment project.Managers will prefer internal funds to finance new projects.This implies a positive relationship between the availabitility of cash flow and investment. Second in some cases managers will prefer to underinvest rather than to look for new investors. consquently investment cash flow senstivity can be a symptom of underinvestment.According to agency theory however manager a re assumed to take actions that are not in shareholders interest.To increase their power, manager undertake the highet level of investment.as a result, they may use a firm\'s free cash flows in unprofitable project.Investment cash flow sensitivity is then a symptom of overinvestment. .

Why do some authors view investment cash flow sensitivity as a symptom.docx

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Why do some converging technologies raise special ethical and social issues? Solution Because 1. Human costs and de-valuing work: Consider the levels of automation undergoing will increase the performance but at the cost of diminishing the workâ€™s intellectual and emotional value.For e.g The levels of automation found in fast-food restaurants , assembly line or warehouse fulfillment centers, where work is de-humanized, worker growth is diminished, and the value of rewarding work is stripped away. 2. De-Skilling : Development of powerful support systems that augment human intelligence in demanding environments provides the positive benefits by reduction in errors and improve safety but the gains from technology will outweigh the loss of skills.Automation can create a situation where skilled operators can be replaced be less-skilled operators. For example, some aircraft systems, such as the Boeing Dreamliner and theÂ Â F-35 Lighting II, have become so complicated that they challenge the human capacity to fly them without assistance from an â€œintelligentâ€ assistant. 3.The erosion of privacy : Technologies have been developed to remotely monitor the activities of the elderly allow parents to monitor every movement of their children â€“ what theyâ€™re doing at home but continous monitoring has opposite effect, instead leaving one feeling the loss of highly valued privacy and dignity because of non-stop monitoring. 4. The dangers of distraction: The convergence of technologies can tax our attention spans in a way that threatens the limits of human capabilities.With the availability of GPS screens, entertainment monitors, handsfree cellphone and advanced stereo systems having multiple mechanisms to control them, delivers high value and pleasure to the driver along with passengers,but they divide the operatorâ€™s attention and distracting him or her from the stated purpose of driving, leading to life- threatening situations .

Why do some converging technologies raise special ethical and social i.docx

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Why do the outer stars in our galaxy not slow down, as Keplerâ€™s laws of motion would predict? Solution Kepler\'s Laws were derived for the planets orbiting the Sun in our solar system. And they work for any situation in which you have one discrete object with a mass far greater than any of the the objects that orbit it. But with galaxies you have a very different situation. The mass of a galaxy is not all concentrated at the center. It\'s spread out among all the constituents of the galaxy, across hundreds of thousands of light years. As explained here, even the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way isn\'t massive enough to greatly affect the orbits of the stars in our galaxy (except for those very close to the center). In practice, and this is especially true for galaxies\' stars, the paths are not perfect ellipses. There is often some precession (a slow change in position) of the orbiting object\'s path, causing it to never repeat the exact same orbit about the central mass. .

Why do the outer stars in our galaxy not slow down- as Keplers laws of.docx

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Why are concentrated interests and diffuse costs important in predicting legislative outcomes Solution But personal interest is no longer a safe criterion if individual interests are not left to counteract and control each other. If one individual, or one class, can call in the aid of authority to ward off the effects of competition, it acquires a privilege and at the cost of the whole community; it can then make sure of profits not altogether due to the productive services rendered, but composed in part of an actual tax upon consumers for its private profit; which tax it commonly shares with the authority that thus unjustly lends its support. The legislative body has great difficulty in resisting the importunate demands for this kind of privileges; the applicants are the producers that are to benefit thereby, who can represent, with much plausibility, that their own gains are a gain to the industrious classes, and to the nation at large, their workmen and themselves being members of the industrious classes, and of the nation. - Jean-Baptiste Say The taxes would be paid by the people over the whole country, but the benefits would go to the few people in those particular locations. This type of spending is a rather gross waste of resources that worsened over the years as the government has been allowed to do more particularized things. - James M. Buchanan So, in one country, the fruit of labor is taken from the workman by taxes, under pretence of the welfare of the state; in another, by privileges, declaring labor a royal concession, and making one pay dearly for the right to devote himself to it. The same abuse is reproduced under forms more indirect, but not less oppressive, when, by means of custom-duties, the state shares with the privileged industries the benefits of the taxes imposed on non-privileged classes. - J .

Why are concentrated interests and diffuse costs important in predicti.docx

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Who are organizational stakeholders and what types of responsibilities does an organization have to them? Solution Organizational Stakeholders: Organizational stakeholder is a person or group having interest or relations with an organization. The est exaples of organizational stakeholders are board of directors , employees, government, shareholders, community and other interested parties. Type of responsiblity depends upon the type of stakeholder for example organization\'s responsibility towards its employees is to compansate them resonably, to hear their grievences and to motivate them for achieving goals of an organization. Resposibility towards creditors is to meet and respect credit terms committed with the creditor. Responsibility towords government is to follow its laws and rules governing oganizational operations. Responsibility towards directors is to provide them the complete details regarding the operations and functons of the organization. .

Who are organizational stakeholders and what types of responsibilities.docx

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Who are the principle stake holders of the company? Did Dole treat them differently, and if so, why? what were the key challenges for the company in managing the relationships with those different stakeholders groups?(case study-Dole\'s DBCP Legacy) Solution We will establish and maintain an effective system which governs our corporate entities to ensure that management is both transparent and accountable to our internal and external stakeholders. We will implement systems of compliance to ensure that we properly observe and respect the laws and regulations of each country in which we operate. We will respect and adhere to the principles of the United Nations Global Compact.(*1) We will not tolerate any form of bribery, corruption, dishonest marketing, or insider trading. We will conduct all transactions in accordance with these principles, promoting fair and open competition in the marketplace. We will employ best practices in risk management in financial, environmental and social arena to continuously earn the trust of our stakeholders. We will maintain a good, mutually cooperative relationship with governments and their administrative bodies. We will not involve ourselves in nor have contact with any anti-social movement or group that promotes activities which are illegal or threatening to public order and safety .

Who are the principle stake holders of the company- Did Dole treat the.docx

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Which type of network covers a contiguous geographic area, such as an office building, or a group of buildings in close probability to each other? LAN MAN WAN All of the above what is an obstacle to IT integration? People Process Technology All the above E-mail messages may be stored on which of the following computers? Sender\'s computer Sender\'s server Recipient\'s server All of the above Which of the following PROVIDEs the use of software application over the internet for a fee? Application service Provider Software Application Suppler Software Resources Provider Software Application Provider Solution Please find the answers below: 11) MAN : MAN occupies coverage in between LANs and WANs. MAN has distance coverage and data rate higher than LAN, but less than WAN. This is the major difference between LAN and MAN. MAN overlaps to some extent to geographical coverage requirement of WAN. 12) All of the above 13) Recipient\'s server 14) Application software provider .

Which type of network covers a contiguous geographic area- such as an.docx

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Which space is the most abundant in 1.0 M of wak acid HCN solution? Assume that Ka for HCN IS 10^-10. A) HCN B) H+ C) CN- D) OH- Solution HCN(aq) ----------> H^+ (aq) + CN^- (aq) I 1 0 0 C -x +x +x E 1-x +x +x Ka = [H^+][CN^-]/[HCN] 10^-10 = x*x/1-x 10^-10 *(1-x) = x^2 x = 1*10^-6 [H^+] = x = 1*10^-6M [CN^-] = x = 1*10^-6M [HCN] = 1-x = 1-0.000001 = 0.99M [OH^-] = Kw/[H^+] = 1*10^-14/10^-6 = 10^-8 M HCN is the most abundant A) HCN >>>>answer .

Which space is the most abundant in 1-0 M of wak acid HCN solution- As.docx

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