1. Rails㛤Ⓨ䛻䛚䛡䜛
䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛒䜜䛣䜜
ᰴᘧ఍♫䜶䜽䝇䝖䞊䞁 ୗ䛳➃ ㇏⏣㝧୍

2. ௒᪥䛾䛚㢟
Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁㧗㏿໬䛾ᡭẁ
䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳

3. 䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛾┠ⓗ
䝛䝑䝖䝽䞊䜽㈨※䛾⠇⣙
ィ⟬ᶵ㈨※䛾⠇⣙
CPU
䝕䜱䝇䜽I/O
etc.

4. 䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳ᑟධ䛾䝖䝺䞊䝗䜸䝣
䝯䝰䝸䞉䝕䜱䝇䜽
ィ⟬⤖ᯝ䜢஦๓䛻ಖᣢ䛩䜛㡿ᇦ䛜ᚲせ
䝅䝇䝔䝮䛾」㞧䛥
䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛾᭦᪂䞉◚Რ
㐺ษ䛻⾜䜟䛺䛔䛸䚸୙ලྜ䛾 ᗋ䛻
ୖグ䜢⌮ゎ䛧䛶ᚲせ䛺䛸䛣䜝䛻ᑟධ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜኱஦

5. Rails䛻䜘䜛Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁
HTTP䝦䝑䝎䛻䜘䜛䝤䝷䜴䝄䛷䛾䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳
Rails䛜ᥦ౪䛩䜛䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳ᶵᵓ
䝣䝷䜾䝯䞁䝖䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳
ActiveRecord䛾䜽䜶䝸䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳
䛭䛾௚䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳

6. HTTP䝦䝑䝎
䝇䝔䞊䝍䝇䝁䞊䝗304䜢㏉䛩
䝺䝇䝫䞁䝇䝦䝑䝎䛾䜏䜢㏉䛧䚸୰㌟䛿䝤䝷䜴䝄ഃ䛾䜻䝱䝑
䝅䝳䜢฼⏝䛩䜛䜘䛖䛻䝤䝷䜴䝄䛻ᣦ♧
304䜢㏉䛩䛛䛹䛖䛛䛾ุᐃ䛿䝃䞊䝞ഃ䛷⾜䛖
Cache-Control䝦䝑䝎䜢฼⏝䛩䜛
ETag䜢฼⏝䛩䜛

7. Rails䛾ሙྜ
ETag䛻䜘䜛䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛿⮬ື䛷⾜䜟䜜䜛
response.body䛾MD5䝝䝑䝅䝳್䜢ETag䛻
䝃䞊䝞ഃ䛷䛾䝺䝇䝫䞁䝇⏕ᡂ䛿⾜䜟䜜䜛
䝛䝑䝖䝽䞊䜽ᖏᇦ䛾⠇⣙䛾䜏
fresh_when, stale
Model䛾update_at䜢฼⏝䛧䚸ETag䛸Last-Modified䜢タᐃ
䝡䝳䞊ᵓ⠏䜢䝇䜻䝑䝥䛷䛝䜛

8. 䝣䝷䜾䝯䞁䝖䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳
Rails䛾䝡䝳䞊䛾䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳ᶵᵓ
䝡䝳䞊䛾୍㒊ศ䛰䛡䜢䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ྍ⬟
Rails4䛛䜙䝕䝣䜷䝹䝖䛷฼⏝ྍ⬟
䝡䝳䞊䛷 cache(key, options) { block } 䜢฼⏝
key䛻䝬䝑䝏䛩䜜䜀block䛿ᐇ⾜䛥䜜䛪䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䜢㏉䛩

9. 䝣䝷䜾䝯䞁䝖䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳(cont.)
<% cache @m do %>
<p>
名前: <%= @m.name %>
</p>
<ul>
<% @m.comments.each do |c| %>
<li>
<%= c.contents %>
</li>
<% end %>
</ul>
<% end %>
(controller)
def user
@m = User.where(id: params[:id])
end
(model)
class User
has_many :comments, touch: true
end

10. 䝣䝷䜾䝯䞁䝖䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳(cont.)
<% cache @m do %>
<p>
名前: <%= @m.name %>
</p>
<ul>
<% @m.comments.each do |c| %>
<li>
<%= c.contents %>
</li>
<% end %>
</ul>
<% end %>
(controller)
def user
@m = User.where(id: params[:id])
end
(model)
class User
has_many :comments, touch: true
end
䝰䝕䝹䜢䜻䞊䛻䛩䜛䛸䚸 ID䛸
updated_at䛛䜙䛺䜛䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䜻䞊
䜢సᡂ䛩䜛
→䝰䝕䝹䛜᭦᪂䛥䜜䜛
(updated_at䛜᭦᪂䛥䜜䜛)䛸䜻䞊
䛜ኚ䜟䜛䛾䛷䚸䝡䝳䞊䛜᭦᪂䛥䜜䜛
㛵㐃䛻touch: true䜢௜୚䛩䜛䛸䚸䛭
䛾㛵㐃䛜᭦᪂䛥䜜䛯᫬䛻䚸ぶ䛾
updated_at䜒୍⥴䛻᭦᪂䛥䜜䜛

11. ActiveRecord䛾䜽䜶䝸䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳
ྠ୍䛾ཧ↷⣔䜽䜶䝸䛿1䝸䜽䜶䝇䝖䛷」ᩘᅇ࿧䜀䜜
䛶䜒䚸ᐇ㝿䛾DB࿧䜃ฟ䛧䛿1ᗘ䛧䛛ᐇ⾜䛥䜜䛺䛔

12. 䛭䛾௚䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳
Rails.cache䜢฼⏝
䝣䝷䜾䝯䞁䝖䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䜒ᐇ㝿䛻䛿䛣䜜䜢฼⏝
Rails.cache.read(key)
Rails.cache.write(key, contents, options)
Rails.cache.fetch { block }
䝣䝷䜾䝯䞁䝖䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛿ᇶᮏⓗ䛻ྲྀᚓฟ᮶䛺䛔
䜻䞊䛻⮬ືⓗ䛻䝔䞁䝥䝺䞊䝖䛾digest䛜㏣ຍ䛥䜜䜛䛯䜑
䝔䞁䝥䝺䞊䝖᭦᪂᫬䛻⮬ືⓗ䛻䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛜䜽䝸䜰䛥䜜䜛

13. 䛭䛾௚䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳(2)
ActiveRecord䛾䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳
DB࿧䜃ฟ䛧䜢ῶ䜙䛩
䛔䜟䜖䜛䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛾୍␒䜘䛟䜔䜛᪉ἲ

14. 䛭䛾௚䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳(3)
ActiveRecord䛾䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳
DB࿧䜃ฟ䛧䜢ῶ䜙䛩
䛔䜟䜖䜛䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛾୍␒䜘䛟䜔䜛
᪉ἲ
def user
cid = “uid##{params[:id]}”
@user = Rails.cache.fecth(cid) {
User.where(params[:id]).first
}
end

15. 䛭䛾௚䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳(4)
䝣䝷䜾䝯䞁䝖䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛸䛾ే⏝
䝣䝷䜾䝯䞁䝖䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䠖䝡䝳䞊⏕ᡂ䛾䝁䝇䝖䜢ῶᑡ
ActiveRecord䛾䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳: SQL᥋⥆䛾䝁䝇䝖䜢ῶᑡ

16. ␲ၥ
䝣䝷䜾䝯䞁䝖䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛾≧ែ䜢䝁䞁䝖䝻䞊䝷䛷ྲྀᚓ
ฟ᮶䛺䛔䛾䠛
䛧䛺䛔䛣䛸䛜᥎ዡ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠛
䝣䝷䜾䝯䞁䝖䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛷௜୚䛥䜜䜛digest್䛜䝁䞁䝖䝻䞊䝷䛷ྲྀ䜜䛺䛔䛛䜙ከศ
↓⌮
digest䜢௜୚䛧䛺䛔䜸䝥䝅䝵䞁䛿䛒䜛䛾䛷䚸䛭䜜䜢ᣦᐃ䛩䜜䜀ฟ᮶䜛

17. 䜎䛸䜑
୍ゝ䛷䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳䛸䛔䛳䛶䜒Ⰽ䚻䛒䜛
┠ⓗ䜒㐪䛖
䝕䝯䝸䝑䝖䜒䛭䜜䛺䜚䛻䛒䜛
㧗㏿໬䠙䜻䝱䝑䝅䝳ᑟධ䛷䜒䛺䛔
୍ᡭẁ䛷䛿䛒䜛䛜䚸୍ᡭẁ䛷䛧䛛䛺䛔
ຠᯝ ᐃ䛿䛱䜓䜣䛸䛧䜘䛖