Taking the theories of Joseph Campbell and applying them to other literature.

1. The Hero’s Journey part of Joseph Campbell’s Monomyth

2. Known Unknown

3. Call to Adventure Hero leads a mundane life in the ordinary world Receives information that forces him/her to head off into the unknown.

4. Supernatural Aid /mentor Guide and magical helper come Give aid Often give a magical item or talisman

5. Threshold/ Guardian A sense of danger as well as opportunity is conveyed. Guardian or gatekeeper of the threshold tests the hero for worthiness. Gatekeepers are terrifying creatures

6. Belly of the whale “Death” and rebirth The final separation from the hero's known world and self. Form of self-annihilation Hero must journey inward

7. Transformation The Road of Trials a series of tests, tasks, or ordeals that the hero must undergo

8. Atonement Confrontation with whatever holds the ultimate power in the hero’s life Often a father or father figure

9. Return Hero has gained wisdom and power Often a balance between the material and spiritual worlds The ability to pass back and forth between the ordinary and supernatural at will.