EGAF 9 Laboratorio de Gestión de Activos UC Rodrigo Pascual

1. The Cost of Corrosion
Introduction to Corrosion
UPR15 du CNRS, Laboratoire des Interfaces et
Systèmes Electrochimique
Université Pierre et Marie Curie
4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
Bernard TRIBOLLET

2. The Cost of CorrosionThe Cost of Corrosion
Italy GNPItaly GNP ≈≈ 10101212
Euro/yearEuro/year
Cost of corrosionCost of corrosion ≈≈ 3 103 101010
€/year, i.e.€/year, i.e. ≈≈ 500 €/person/year500 €/person/year

3. Corrosion cost

4. Corrosion cost
CAPEX = capital expenditure

5. Corrosion cost
OPEX = Operational expenditure

6. Corrosion cost

7. Corrosion cost

8. Corrosion cost

9. Introduction to corrosion
The metal or metal alloy dissolves in presence of water
For example Fe can dissolves as Fe2+
according to the reaction:
Fe → Fe2+
+ 2 e-
This electrochemical reaction is depending of the electrode potential V
This dependance is given by the Tafel’s law : )Vbexp(ki FeFe=
The metal is isolated on an electrical point of view, then the produced electrons
must be consumed by another reaction.
This other reaction could be the water or the oxygen reduction can be considered:
H2O+e-
↔1/2 H2 + OH-
or O2 + 4 H2O + 4 e-
→ 4 OH-
The corresponding Tafel’s law is: )Vbexp(ki 22 OO −−=

10. Application to corrosion
-1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
i=10
-3
exp(20ηs
)
Densitédecourant(A/cm
2
)
Potentiel (ηs
)

11. Application to corrosion
-1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
ic
=10
-4
exp(-40ηs
)
Densitédecourant(A/cm
2
)
Potentiel (ηs
)

12. Application to corrosion
IiI = I ic + ia I
-1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
Vcorr
Densitédecourant(A/cm
2
)
Potentiel (ηs
)

13. Application to corrosion
-1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
Vcorr
icorr
= ia
=ic
ic
=10
-4
exp(-40ηs
) ia
=10
-3
exp(20ηs
)
Densitédecourant(A/cm
2
)
Potentiel (ηs
)

14. Application to corrosion
-1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
ic
=10
-5
exp(-40ηs
) ia
=10
-4
exp(20ηs
)
icorr
= ia
=ic
Vcorr
Densitédecourant(A/cm
2
)
Potentiel (ηs
)

15. Application to corrosion
-1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
Vcorr
icorr
= ia
= ic
ia
= 10
-3
ic
=10
-4
exp(-40ηs
)
Densitédecourant(A/cm
2
)
Potentiel (ηs
)

16. Application to corrosion
-1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
Vcorr
icorr
= ia
= ic ia
= 10
-3
ic
=10
-3
exp(-40ηs
)
Densitédecourant(A/cm
2
)
Potentiel (ηs
)

17. Application to corrosion
-1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
Vcorr
icorr
= ia
= ic ia
= 10
-3
ic
=10
-2
exp(-40ηs
)
Densitédecourant(A/cm
2
)
Potentiel (ηs
)

18. Application to corrosion
-1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
Vcorr
ic
= 10
-3
icorr
= ia
= ic
ia
=10
-3
exp(20ηs
)
Densitédecourant(A/cm
2
)
Potentiel (ηs
)

19. Application to corrosion
-1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
Vcorr
ic
= 10
-2icorr
= ia
= ic
ia
=10
-3
exp(20ηs
)
Densitédecourant(A/cm
2
)
Potentiel (ηs
)

20. Corrosion on heterogeneous surface
Alliage AZ91

21. 2
4
6
8
10
2
4
6
8
10
0
10
20
30
Z(µA/mm
2
)
Y
(m
m
)
X (mm)
Without biofilm : 0 mm/y
Z(µA/mm²)
X(mm)
Y(m
m
)
Localized corrosion : biocorrosionLocalized corrosion : biocorrosion
2
4
6
8
10
2
4
6
8
10
0
10
20
30
Z(µA/mm
2
)
Y
(m
m
)
X (mm)
5 days biofilm, before scratch : 0 mm/y
2
4
6
8
10
2
4
6
8
10
0
10
20
30
Z(µA/mm
2
)
Y
(m
m
)
X (mm)
With biofilm, immediately after scratch : 2.1 mm/y
2
4
6
8
10
2
4
6
8
10
0
10
20
30
Z(µA/mm
2
)
Y
(m
m
)
X (mm)
24 h after scratch : 2.9 mm/y
2
4
6
8
10
2
4
6
8
10
0
10
20
30
Z(µA/mm
2
)
Y
(m
m
)
X (mm)
72 h after scratch : 0.9 mm/y
2
4
6
8
10
2
4
6
8
10
0
10
20
30
Z(µA/mm
2
)
Y
(m
m
)
X (mm)
96 h after scratch : 1.1 mm/y
2
4
6
8
10
2
4
6
8
10
0
10
20
30
Z(µA/mm
2
)
Y
(m
m
)
X (mm)
After biocide injection : 0 mm/y
Z(µA/mm²)
X(mm)
Y(m
m
)

22. CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
The corrosion is an heterogeneous phenomena
The corrosion is a non steady phenomena