1. ANATOMY
Unit 1 Notes:
Rat
Dissections

2. (1) Organs To Know
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Heart
Lungs
Diaphragm
Stomach
Liver
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Kidneys

3. (2) Initial Incisions
1. Lie rat on its back.
2. Press down on limbs to open up chest + belly.
3. Make 2 horizontal incisions:
- (1) Directly below throat
- (1) Directly above crotch
4. Make 1 vertical incision:
- From throat  crotch
- Pull up on skin + muscle to avoid cutting internal
organs.

5. (3) Organs In The Chest Cavity
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Ribs:
Bones covering heart and lungs.
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Heart:
Looks like red-brown nugget in center of chest.
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Lungs:
– Look like brown lobes/flaps.
– 1 Lung on either side of heart.
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Diaphragm:
– Looks like a thin, smooth piece of muscle.
– Directly under ribcage.

6. (4) Organs In The Abdomen
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Liver:
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Largest internal organ.
On rat’s right side / On your left side.
Large, hard, brown, lobed organ.
Directly underneath diaphragm.
Stomach:
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On rat’s left side / On your right side.
J-Shaped, squishy sac.
Directly underneath diaphragm.
Small Intestine:
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Flesh colored, squiggly tube.
Small = Thin in diameter.
Middle of abdomen, connecting to stomach.
Large Intestine:
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Flesh colored, squiggly tube.
Large = Thick in diameter.
Middle of abdomen, connecting to anus.

7. (5) Organs Along The Back
• Kidneys:
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Look like kidney beans.
Red-brown color.
Must remove all other digestive organs first.
Lie along lower back, 1 on each side.

9. Yes you need to
draw this!!

10. (6) Basic Organ Function
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Heart: Pump blood + circulate nutrients.
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Lungs: Bring in oxygen + expel carbon dioxide.
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Diaphragm: Help lungs fill with air.
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Stomach: Metabolize food.
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Small Intestines: Absorb nutrients from food.
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Large Intestine: Expel food waste.
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Liver: Break down bad blood cells + toxins.
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Kidneys: Filter blood.