Energysources

TYPES OF SOURCES ,[object Object],[object Object]

NON-RENEWABLE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RENEWABLE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Like all steam turbine generators, the force of steam is used to spin the turbine blades which spin the generator, producing electricity. But with geothermal energy, no fuels are burned. © 2000 Geothermal Education Office

DRY STEAM POWER PLANT In dry steam power plants, the steam (and no water) shoots up the wells and is passed through a rock catcher (not shown) and then directly into the turbine. Dry steam fields are rare. © 2000 Geothermal Education Office

THE GEYSERS CALIFORNIA The first geothermal power plants in the U.S. were built in 1962 at The Geysers dry steam field, in northern California. It is still the largest producing geothermal field in the world. © 2000 Geothermal Education Office

20 plants are still operating at The Geysers. Wastewater from nearby cities is injected into the field, providing environmentally safe disposal and increased steam to power plants. © 2000 Geothermal Education Office

FLASH STEAM POWER PLANT ,[object Object]

Flash technology was invented in New Zealand. Flash steam plants are the most common, since most reservoirs are hot water reservoirs. This flash steam plant is in East Mesa, California. © 2000 Geothermal Education Office

In a binary cycle power plant (binary means two), the heat from geothermal water is used to vaporize a "working fluid" in separate adjacent pipes. The vapor, like steam, powers the turbine generator. © 2000 Geothermal Education Office

In the heat exchanger, heat is transferred from the geothermal water to a second liquid. The geothermal water is never exposed to the air and is injected back into the periphery of the reservoir. © 2000 Geothermal Education Office

ADVANTAGES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

FUELS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],en.wikipedia.org

[object Object],[object Object]

FUSION REACTIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

How can a plasma be confined ? www.jet.efda.org

PLASMA ,[object Object],www.jet.efda.org

HYDROGEN BOMB en.wikipedia.org

Magnetic confinement ,[object Object],[object Object],Particles move freely along field lines: how to stop the losses in that direction ? two solutions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.jet.efda.org

TOKAMAK (MAGNETIC FIELD) www.jet.efda.org

TORUS THE VACUUM CHAMBER OF THE TOKAMAK www.jet.efda.org

MAGNETIC FIELD IN TOKAMAK www.jet.efda.org

HEATING THE PLASMA www.jet.efda.org

ITER ,[object Object],[object Object],ITER will be a nuclear machine: 1.5 x 10 20 neutrons/s www.jet.efda.org 2.5%, 0.7  T ,  P 10 Q (P fus /P in ) 80+ P  (MW) 40-90 P aux (MW) 0.5, 1.85  ,  5.3 B t (T) 15(17) I P (MA) 850 V P (m 3 ) 2 a (m) 6.2 R (m)

What is a plasma : fourth state of Matter Increasing Temperature A plasma is electrically conducting and very reactive www.jet.efda.org

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