changing society modern studies unemployment

1. The Concepts Remember Modern Studies follows the 7 Key Concepts of Equality, Ideology, Need, Participation, Power, Representation and, Rights and Responsibilities. CHANGING SOCIETY – THE UK This Unit of your Modern Studies Standard Grade covers the concepts of EQUALITY, IDEOLOGY and NEED.

2. The THREE Units of Changing Society in the UK The Family The Elderly The Working Population and the Unemployed

3. The Concepts and Units of Changing Society in the UK The Family The Elderly The Working Population and the Unemployed EQUALITY -The differences between peoples, and how these are measured? IDEOLOGY – People have different views about issues in our country? NEED – We all have basic needs. How and who meets our needs? Who Should?

7. The UK Population 58.7 Million People 2001 30.2 Million Women 28.5 Million men The working population = Women aged 16-60 (from 2010 will be same as men) Men aged 16-65 The UK has a Labour Force of 29.1 million people 29.1 Million are: Employed, Self-employed, on training schemes or seeking work (UNEMPLOYED) The 29.6 Million non- working population are made up of: Retired people, children up to 16, students, those to ill to work, those who choose not to work and those who are carers of sick relatives Copy down the above information, then read pages 32-34 of Changing Society textbook and start worksheet questions 1-4

8. Political Parties and Unemployment Factors affecting Employment 1979 – 1997 – Conservatives lower taxes Lower taxes Companies and individuals have more money to spend Companies and individuals will buy more goods and services or invest in new enterprises More jobs will be created Less people are unemployed More jobs will be created Less benefits the Government has to pay Government saves money and gets more taxes paid in GROWTH

9. Political Parties and Unemployment RECESSION Factors affecting Unemployment BUT ON THE OTHER HAND Lower taxes Companies and individuals have more money to spend No increased spending, cheaper imports from abroad bought Less jobs will be created More people are unemployed less jobs will be created More benefits the Government has to pay Government has to spend more to reduce unemployment Raise taxes

10. Unemployment in EU countries 2001 “ Unemployment in the UK in 2001 was amongst the worst in the European Union” I disagree that unemployment in the UK was amongst the worst in the European Union as (how many other countries had a higher rate of unemployment, give some examples) However the UK did not have best unemployment rate as (do the same again) (for 1998)

13. Types of Employment Structural Unemployment Primary Secondary Tertiary Service Sector Trends Possible reasons is outsourcing to the far east countries This first affected PRIMARY and SECONDARY Industry, but is even now affecting the Service Sector See figure 5.3 on page 36

14. Moving East

15. Cyclical Unemployment RECESSION Factors affecting Unemployment 1990s Scotland was not as badly hit as SE England Lower taxes Companies and individuals have more money to spend No increased spending, cheaper imports from abroad bought Less jobs will be created More people are unemployed less jobs will be created More benefits the Government has to pay Government has to spend more to reduce unemployment Raise taxes

16. Regional Differences in Employment Where? Lower unemployment Higher unemployment All sources from the Scottish Executive Website

17. Employment by Age

18. Employment by Qualifications S’Grades Highers/College Uni & Phd’s

20. On your own map of the UK, draw in the boundaries shown on the map here, then construct your own key as shown using colour pencils, and record the regional differences of unemployment across the UK

24. What can Councils and the Private Sector do to Help? Read the paragraph HELP FROM COUNCILS AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR on page 38 Write the heading ‘ Meeting the Needs of the Unemployed’ , copy and complete the following paragraph before doing worksheet activities 1 & 2 Local councils can help the u______________, but not by giving them money. They may offer concessions to them for many of the services that local councils provide, like L___________ F___________, and cheaper F________ on public transport. They may also fund local support groups in the areas C_______________ C_________ Private companies can also offer concessions to the unemployed, two examples that regularly make tickets cheaper are C___________ and F________________ C_________.

25. JOB SEEKERS ALLOWANCE (JSA) This benefit was put in place to replace the ‘brew’ system in 1996 It is provided by the Government through Job Centres JSA is only for those who are unemployed and actively seeking employment, which must be proved For a single person aged 18-24 who lives alone, the current rate (2006) of job seekers allowance is £45.50 per week, could you live on that. The Job centre will also demand that you have regular, normally fortnightly, meetings with an Employment Service Adviser to record your activities with your job search, and provide help. Now complete the remainder of your worksheet Qs 3-6

27. Meeting the needs of the Unemployed – Compare Source ES – textbook page 39 Question 5 The opinions of the Government spokesperson and the Unemployed person are different. They disagree as the spokesperson thinks that Job Seekers Allowance (JSA) is a better service and the Unemployed person does not. The spokesperson says people are better supported, getting benefits and job seeking advice from the one place, whereas the unemployed person thinks that it is pointless to have these plans as there are very few jobs out there. The spokesperson stated that the JSA helps people get a job quicker and meets their basic financial needs, However the unemployed person thinks that more time and money should be invested by the Government to create more jobs.

28. Meeting the needs of the Unemployed – Getting a JOAB Most Young people have one thing in common when they are looking for work – they are all roughly just as experienced as each other when it comes to working, it’s a lot different from school. Draw the table below and list the supports that each have to help you be organised in each setting. School Work Bells to remind you where to be and at what time. Watch the Bitesize Video on Employment to re-cap learning so far and to see what’s next

29. Meeting the unemployed needs HELP TO GET A JOB Emma Padden CASE STUDY AGE: 17 LIVES: Glasgow JOB: Facilities assistant EMPLOYER: Allianz Cornhill Insurance, Glasgow HOBBIES: Shopping; socialising with friends; listening to music MOVIES: No favourites in particular BANDS: No favourites in particular ESSENTIAL POSSESSION: Mobile phone

30. Meeting THE STORY: When Emma left school last summer, she was determined to find a job and she visited her local Careers Scotland office for advice. Her careers adviser put her in touch with Glasgow training provider, Microcom Limited, who organised a number of interviews. Emma also started her SVQ Level 2 in Administration. Late last year her persistence paid off, when Emma got a job with Allianz Cornill Insurance. The company employs thousands of people throughout the UK, and its Glasgow office has 70 staff. Emma is one of three facilities assistants, providing a range of administrative support to a team of underwriters. She started her new job on December 1 2003 and has settled in well to her new surroundings.

31. Meeting EMMA SAYS: “I was keen to get a job as soon as I left school and I was really pleased when Allianz Cornhill took me on last year. I enjoy my work very much. It is good to have lots of variety and to be able to do different things. I have to file, deal with data, organise the mail and generally help out, so I have plenty to do. “As part of my training, I am doing my SVQ Level 2 in Admin which is quite useful. I will probably go on to study for the Level 3 afterwards as I think it is a good qualification to have. It helps me in my work.”

32. Meeting HER BOSS SAYS : Susan Warwick, facilities team leader, and Emma’s line manager, said: “Emma was given the job following interviews with about half a dozen candidates. I think a combination of her personality and attitude helped get her the job. “She is also studying for her SVQ in Administration which is useful. It is adding to her skills and knowledge and helps give her a broader understanding of work.” TRAINEE’S PLANS FOR THE FUTURE : Emma plans to learn more about the insurance industry and hopefully progress within the company. Eventually, she would like to deal with claims.

34. Modern Apprentice Ships Worksheet Activities 1-4, Read textbook page 40 - FACTFILES

36. Activities Worksheet Activities 5 - 7 Casestudy of Rambai Textbook Extension

38. Job Centres and Job Clubs The job centre has expanded in recent years to using self service job points and the internet to search for jobs, to make it more accessible

40. Activities Job Centres and Job Clubs Worksheet Activities 1-6 When finished return the Green Textbook and collect a Changing Society textbook and study pages 44-45

41. Pages 44 & 45, use the fact files on Job Clubs & Job Centres to copy and complete these mind maps – use colours to help you How can a job club help? To join you have to Be on time Apply for so many jobs per day How can job centres help? Design a leaflet to advertise how a Job Club and Job Centre can help unemployed people, and to encourage unemployed people to visit these places.

44. New Technology!! New technology mainly helps make work and life easier. If you imagine you Home, and all the equipment it has to help you with housework, you may understand better how New Technology effects the workplace: Do you like doing the washing?

45. Newspaper Industry & New technology Introduction of new technology Printing Press Less Operators PCs - DTP Less Craftsmen More Colour in press More variety Trade Unions Pay offs

46. Banking & New Technology. How have Banks Changed? What impact has this had on its employees and services? Open 9.30am-3.30pm (closed lunch 1-2pm)

49. Inequalities in the Workplace: Gender! SEX Spot the Difference?

50. Male & Female Roles? Gender Stereotypes Where do we learn these stereotypes from?

51. Nature or Nurture What is Male and Female? Who decided Blue for boys and pink for girls? We learn this behaviour throughout our lives, as we grow up. Gender is the preference towards what is seen as more male or female behaviour in a person, and is separate from sexuality. This continues into adulthood where the roles that Male and Females are expected to do are different?????

52. Gender & Sex in the Workplace (factfile pg 66) Equal Pay Act 1970 Sex Discrimination Act 1975 & 1986 The purpose of the Equal Pay Act 1970 is to eliminate discrimination between men and women in terms of their pay and contracts of employment where they are doing: • work that is the same or broadly similar; • work rated as equivalent under a job evaluation study; • work of equal value in terms of the demands made on them under headings such as effort, skill and decision-making. The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (SDA) applies to both men and women and makes sex discrimination unlawful in employment and vocational training, education, the provision and sale of goods, facilities and services and premises. In employment and vocational training, it is also unlawful to discriminate against someone on the grounds of being married or a civil partner. In employment and vocational training, it is unlawful to discriminate on the grounds of gender reassignment.

54. Why Women are disadvantaged? Child Care Issues and Lone female Parents is one accepted theory Even today women still look after children more 90% of lone parent families are headed by women It’s mums who tend to give jobs up when having a family If mums do work it is normally Part-Time Mothers may not work as child minders cost a lot Employers don’t choose young mothers for jobs Promotion is unlikely on a Part-time basis It is cheaper to stay unemployed as more is saved in time and nursery costs Complete Worksheet Activities, followed by ES extension

55. Extension Table 11.2 Evidence to support the view that women are under-represented in promoted posts in the police is that there are NO women Chief constables or Asst. Chief Constables. Evidence to oppose the view that the situation is showing signs of improvement are that the number of women Chief Inspectors has fallen from 3.6% 1994 to 3.2% in 1998, however the number of women Superintendents has doubled 5/4

57. Inequality amongst the unemployed We quickly want to complete this worksheet today so we can spend the remainder of the period watching the BBC bitesize video for revision of The USA, Living in a Democracy and Enquiry skills for the remainder of the week.

58. Inequality amongst the unemployed Question 1 – Which groups of people may face particular difficulties when looking for a job? Page 45 – paragraph 1 Answer 1 – Disabled people, women, the elderly and ethnic minorities may face difficulties when looking for a job due to discrimination