1. Typical Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell membrane

3. Typical Plant Cell Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell membrane Sap vacuole Cell Wall Chloroplast

4. Looking at Plant Cells Pond weed cells Plant leaf cells packed with chloroplasts

5. Cell Structure and Function Contains a green chemical called chlorophyll. This green chemical absorbs sunlight to carry out photosynthesis to make food Chloroplast Controls the water content of the plant cell Sap Vacuole Rigid firm coating around the plant cell. It helps to keep the cell shape Cell wall Controls substances that enter and exit the cell, e.g. oxygen, carbon dioxide and food Membrane Jelly like fluid which is the site of chemical reactions in the cell Cytoplasm Control centre of the cell. Contains information which controls everything that goes on in the cell Nucleus Function Structure

9. Yeast - Unicellular fungus - Cell is dividing - Ferment sugars (used in brewing and bread making) These circles are formed when the cell divides. The new cell ‘ buds off’ and leaves a scar.

10. Human Cells Ciliated Epithelial Cells Line many tubes in body. Have hairs called cilia that move in waves. Muscle cells Long striped bundles of fibres. Contract to move parts of the body. Bronchial cells with a carpet of cilia. Cardiac muscle

11. Bone Cells Form rings of tough protein fibres. Secrete crystals of calcium phosphate to make hard skeleton. Blood Cells Cells suspended in a liquid called plasma. Red cells transport oxygen. White cells fight infection.

12. Sperm Cells Male sex cells. Nucleus fuses with female sex cell nucleus to pass on genetic instructions to next generation. Nerve Cells Form a network of connections to transmit rapid messages around the body

13. Plant Cells Epidermis Skin of the leaf. Colourless to allow light through. Waxy cuticle. Guard Cell Swell to close pores in leaf called stomata. Close stomata in dark or when losing too much water.

14. Mesophyll Cells Take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen during photosynthesis. Packed with chloroplasts.

15. Tube like structure containing xylem and phloem to transport water and sugars. Vein

16. Transports water & strengthens plant. Xylem Transports sugar. Phloem

17. Leaf Structure Guard cells Stomata Air space Lower epidermis Spongy mesophyll cells Palisade mesophyll cells Upper epidermis Xylem Phloem Vascular Bundle }