2. Rearrange the following from the most simple to the most complex … Biosphere Ecosystem Community Population Individual

3. The most simple to the most complex … Community Population Individual Ecosystem Biosphere

4. Individual Individuals Individual Population Community

6. A mule is an infertile offspring of a cross between a horse and donkey Donkey X Donkey Donkey X Horse Mule Horse X Horse

7. Lion x tiger Sterile Horse x zebra Sterile L i g e r Z e b r o r s e

8. Fertile L a b r a d o o d l e Labrador x Poodle

15. Fox Weasel Hedgehog Frog Snail Vole Rabbit Oak Primrose plant Owl

16. Tadpole Caddis fly larvae Pond weed Water flea Algae Perch Pike Water beetle Stickleback Freshwater snail

19. Caterpillar eats the leaf Energy not used Some of the energy in the leaf passes out of the caterpillar in undigested food. Energy used Energy used The caterpillar uses some energy it gets from the leaf to move, feed and produce heat. This energy is lost to other animals in the food chain. Energy stored The rest of the energy the caterpillar gets from the leaf is stored in the body of the caterpillar. Only the stored energy is available to the next animal in the food chain.

20. Producer Primary consumer Secondary consumer Pyramid of Energy Represents the quantity of energy at each stage in a food chain as a horizontal bar in a pyramid-shaped bar chart.

27. Darwin’s Finches

29. Biodiversity is the variety of species which exists in an ecosystem. Maintaining biodiversity is important to humans for: Food Genetic Material Medicines Raw Materials Recreation

30. Human activity is destroying habitats and drastically reducing biodiversity as a result. Deforestation Tropical rainforest, oak woodland, pine forests Pollution Sulphur dioxide Acid Rain Untreated sewage Biodiversity Crisis

33. Sea anemones: When tentacles are touched they pull them into their bodies. Survival value : Food. Catch prey as they pass by and trigger tentacles. Woodlice: Move quicker in a dry environment. Slow down in moist areas. Survival value : Stay in moist conditions where there is less danger of drying out. Swallow: Migrate south from Britain to Africa when day length decreases. Survival value : Flying insects needed for food are absent in Britain in winter. Plenty in Africa.

35. Competition is the struggle between members of a community for the same limited resources . Animals Plants Food Water Shelter Nesting Spaces Mates Nutrients Water Light (Root/leaf space)