2. INTRODUCTION
• A tuple is an ordered sequence of elements of different data
types, such as integer, float, string, list or even a tuple. Elements
of a tuple are enclosed in parenthesis (round brackets) and are
separated by commas. Like list and string, elements of a tuple
can be accessed using index values, starting from 0.
• For example. #tuple1 is the tuple of integers
>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5)
>>> tuple1 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
• If there is only a single element in a tuple then the element
should be followed by a comma. If we assign the value without
comma it is treated as integer. It should be noted that a
sequence without parenthesis is treated as tuple by default
3. ACCESSING ELEMENTS IN A TUPLE
• Elements of a tuple can be accessed in the same way as a list or string
using indexing and slicing.
• >>> tuple1 = (2,4,6,8,10,12)
#initializes a tuple tuple1
#returns the first element of tuple1
>>> tuple1[0]
4. IMMUTABILITY
• Tuple is an immutable data type. It means that the elements of a
tuple cannot be changed after it has been created. An attempt to
do this would lead to an error.
>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5)
Difference Between Tuple and List
• List is mutable but tuple is immutable. So iterating through a tuple
is faster as compared to a list. √ If we have data that does not
change then storing this data in a tuple will make sure that it is
not changed accidentally.
5. OPERATORS IN TUPLE
• CONCATENATION: Python allows us to join tuples using
concatenation operator depicted by symbol +. We
can also create a new tuple which contains the result of this
concatenation operation.
>>> tuple1 = (1,3,5,7,9)
>>> tuple2 = (2,4,6,8,10)
>>> tuple1 + tuple2
#concatenates two tuples (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) Concatenation
operator can also be used for extending an existing tuple. When we
extend a tuple using concatenation a new tuple is created.
6. • REPETITON: Repetition operation is depicted by the symbol *. It
is used to repeat elements of a tuple. We can repeat the
tuple elements. The repetition operator requires the first operand to be
a tuple and the second operand to be an integer only.
>>> tuple1 = ('Hello','World’)
>>> tuple1 * 3
('Hello', 'World', 'Hello', 'World', 'Hello', 'World')
7. • SLICING: Like string and list, slicing can be applied to tuples
also.
#tuple1 is a tuple
>>> tuple1 = (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80)
#elements from index 2 to index 6
>>> tuple1[2:7]
(30, 40, 50, 60, 70)
8. • FUNCTION: len() Returns the length or the number of elements
of the tuple passed as the argument >>> tuple1 =
(10,20,30,40,50)
>>> len(tuple1) 5
TUPLE()
• Creates an empty tuple if no argument is passed
• Creates a tuple if a sequence is passed as argument
>>> tuple1 = tuple()
>>> tuple1 ( )
>>> tuple1 = tuple('aeiou’)#string
>>> tuple1 ('a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u’)
>>> tuple2 = tuple([1,2,3]) #list
>>> tuple2 (1, 2, 3)
>>> tuple3 = tuple(range(5))
>>> tuple3
9. CONTD.
(0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
count()
Returns the number of times the given element appears in the tuple
>>> tuple1 = (10,20,30,10,40,10,50)
>>> tuple1.count(10) 3
>>> tuple1.count(90)
0
INDEX()
• Returns the index of the first occurrence of the element in the given tuple
>>> tuple1 = (10,20,30,40,50)
>>> tuple1.index(30) 2
>>> tuple1.index(90)
10. • ValueError: tuple.index(x): x not in tuple
SORTED()
• Takes elements in the tuple and returns a new sorted list. It should be noted
that, sorted() does not make any change to the original tuple
>>> tuple1 = ("Rama","Heena","Raj", "Mohsin","Aditya")
>>> sorted(tuple1) ['Aditya', 'Heena', 'Mohsin', 'Raj', 'Rama’]
• min()Returns minimum or smallest element of the tuple
• max() Returns maximum or largest element Of the tuple
• sum() Returns sum of the elements of the tuple
>>> tuple1 = (19,12,56,18,9,87,34)
>>> min(tuple1) 9
>>> max(tuple1) 87
>>> sum(tuple1)
11. NESTED TUPLES
A tuple inside another tuple is called a nested tuple.
>>>t1 = ((“Amit”, 90), (“Sumit”, 75), (“Ravi”, 80))
>>>t1[0] (‘Amit’, 90)
>>>t1[1] (‘Sumit’, 75)
>>>t1[1][1] 75
12. TUPLE ASSIGNMENT
It allows a tuple of variables on the left side of the assignment operator
to be assigned respective values from a tuple on the right side. The
number of variables on the left should be same as the number of
elements in the tuple. For Example
>>>(n1,n2) = (5,9)
>>>print(n1)
5
print(n2)
9
>>>(a,b,c,d) = (5,6,8) #values on left side and right side are not equal
ValueError: not enough values to unpack
13. QNA
Q1.Write a program that interactively create a nested
tuple to store the marks in three subjects for five
student .
Ans. total = ()
for i in range(3):
mark = () mark1 = int(input("enter the marks of first subject = "))
mark2 = int(input("enter the marks of second subject = "))
mark3 = int(input("enter the marks of third subject = "))
mark = (mark1 , mark2 , mark3)
total= total + (mark)
print("total marks = ",total)
14. Q2.Write a program to create a nested tuple to store
roll number, name and marks of student
Ans. tup= ()
while True :
roll = int(input("Enter a roll number :- "))
name = input("Enter name :-")
mark = input("Enter marks :-")
tup += ( (roll,name,mark ),)
user = input("Do you want to quit enter yes =")
if user == "yes":
print(tup)
break
15. Q3.Consider the following tuples, tuple1 and tuple2:
tuple1 = (23,1,45,67,45,9,55,45)
tuple2 = (100,200)
Find the output of the following statements:
1.print(tuple1.index(45))
Ans. The 'index()' function returns the index of the first occurrence of the element in a tuple. 2
2.print(tuple1.count(45))
Ans. The 'count()' function returns the numbers of times the given element appears in the tuple. 3
3.print(tuple1 + tuple2)
Ans. '+' operator concatenate the two tuples. (23, 1, 45, 67, 45, 9, 55, 45, 100, 200)
4.print(len(tuple2))
Ans. The 'len()' function returns the number of elements in the given tuple. 2
5.print(max(tuple1))
Ans. The 'max()' function returns the largest element of the tuple. 67
16. 6.print(min(tuple1))
Ans. The 'min()' function returns the smallest element of the tuple. 1
7.print(sum(tuple2))
Ans. The 'sum()' function returns the sum of all the elements of the tuple. 300
8.print(sorted (tuple1)) print(tuple1)
Ans. The 'sorted()' function takes element in the tuple and return a new sorted list. It doesn’t make any
changes to the original tuple. Hence, print(tuple1) will print the original tuple1 i.e. (23, 1, 45, 67, 45, 9, 55,
45) . [1, 9, 23, 45, 45, 45, 55, 67] (23, 1, 45, 67, 45, 9, 55, 45)
17. Q4.Carefully read the given code fragments and
figure out the errors that the code may produce.
• (a)
t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e’)
print(t[5])
Ans. IndexError: tuple index out of range
• (b)
t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e’)
t[0] = ‘A’
Ans. TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
18. • (c)
t1 = (3)
t2 = (4, 5, 6)
t3 = t1 + t2
print(t3)
Ans. TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'tuple’
• (d)
t2 = (4, 5, 6)
t3 = (6, 7)
print(t3 - t2)
Ans. TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -: 'tuple' and 'tuple'
19. • (e)
t3 = (6, 7)
t4 = t3 * 3
t5 = t3 * (3)
t6 = t3 * (3,)
print(t4)
print(t5)
print(16)
Ans. TypeError: can't multiply sequence by non-int of type 'tuple’
• (f)
t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e’)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, = t
Ans. Syntax error
20. • (g)
2t = ('a', 'b', 'c, d', 'e’)
1n, 2n, 3n, 4n, 5n = t
Ans. Invalid syntax
• (h)
t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e’)
x, y, z, a, b = t
Ans. No Error
• (i) t = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e’)
a, b, c, d, e, f = t
Ans. ValueError : not enough values to unpack (expected 6, got 5)
21. Q5. What does each of the following expressions
evaluate to? Suppose that T is the tuple ("These",
("are", "a", "few", "words"), "that", "we", "will", "use")
• (a) T[1][0: : 2]
Ans. ('are', 'few')
• (b) "a" in T [1] [ 0 ]
Ans. True
• (c) T [ : 1 ] + T[ 1 ]
Ans. ('These', 'are', 'a', 'few', 'words')
• (d) T[ 2 : : 2 ]
Ans. ('that', 'will')
