This document discusses various types of optical equipment:
[1] It describes the basic anatomy and functions of the human eye, as well as common eye defects that optical devices can help correct, such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.
[2] Glasses, magnifying glasses, microscopes, cameras, binoculars are then explained as optical tools that serve purposes like visual correction or magnification. Their basic components and workings are outlined.
[3] A short example problem is given to demonstrate calculating the magnification of a microscope using given focal lengths and distances.
3. Eye
Eyes are one of the human
senses of vision that serves as
a tool.
Parts of the eye is important,
among others;
aquaeus humor,
accommodation muscle, eye
lens, cornea, pupil, iris, retina,
vitreous humor, yellow spots,
blind spots, and optic nerve.
Defects in the eye include:
1. Myopia (nearsightedness)
2. Hipermetropi
(farsightedness)
3. Presbiopi (old currency)
4. astigmatism
4. glasses
Glasses are optical devices that serve
as visual aids in eye defects.
For example Astigmatism eye defects
assisted by cylindrical glasses.
5. Loop (magnifying glass)
Loop is an optical instrument consisting
of a convex lens to see small objects
to appear more clear and magnified.
The nature of the shadow on the loop
that is virtual, erect and enlarged.
Loop equation:
6. For maximum eye berakomodasi s' = -
25 cm (negative sign (-) indicates a
shadow in front of the lens) to obtain:
7. camera
The camera is a tool used to produce a
photographic image on the film
negative.
The camera consists of several
parts, namely:
Convex lens
Diaphragm
Aperture
Plates film
The nature of the shadow:
1. real
2. inverted
3. minimized
8. microscope
microscope is an optical
instrument used to
see small objects that
can not be seen
directly by eye.
microscope consists
of two convex
lenses, namely;
a. lens obyektife
b. ocular lens
9. microscope observations
Microscope observations are divided into;
a. microscope observation without
accommodation:
M = (Sob '/ Sob) x (Sd / Fok)
b. Microscope observations with maximum
accommodations:
M = (Sob '/ Sob) x [(Sd / Fok) +1]
10. Binoculars
Binoculars or a telescope is
used to observe the optical
objects are very far to look
more closely and clearly.
1) Binocular Star
Bias-Binoculars
Binoculars-reflection
2.) Field Binoculars
(Binoculars Earth)
11. evaluation
A microscope has objekyive and
eyepiece lens with a focal length of
each 3cm and 4cm. The distance
between the second lens is 25cm.
Determine the amount of
magnification of the microscope for
the eye does not berakomodasi!
12. Answer:
Objects located on the right
eyepiece focal point
fob = 3 cm
Fok = 4 cm
d = 25 cm where d = S'ob because
Sok +Sok = Fok = 4 cm
So: 25cm = S'ob + 4 cm
S'ob = 21 cm
Eyes not berakomodasi:
