12. Research and Regulatory Program Interactions – PM example Improved understanding of exposure and health effects Improved tools and data for implementation Improved health risk assessment Improved air quality standards More effective implementation Reduced exposure Improved public health ORD OAR States Public Set NAAQS Implement NAAQS
39. Ozone Layer Protection: Progress On track to save 6.3 M US lives and avoid 299M non-fatal skin cancer and 27.5 M cataract incidences
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Hinweis der Redaktion
90 Amendments also gave us the authority to begin reducing emissions of 188 air toxics – chemicals suspected, or known to, cause cancer. Since ’90, emissions down by a third. Standards already issued will reduce annual toxic emissions by nearly 1.5 million tons
The graph shows residual risk test results only for facilities in each category that are subject to MACT. The focus here is on the maximum cancer risk at each facility due solely to the emissions associated with the source category. The higher the bar, the more facilities were included in the RR test. The higher the percentage in parentheses, the greater the proportion of MACT-affected facilities in the category were included in the RR test. The bluer the bottom of the bar, the more facilities were low-risk. The redder the top of the bar, the more facilities were high risk. Petroleum refineries and marine vessel loading are most-assessed categories. Risk from refineries is much more significant, with most facilities exceeding 1 in a million risk. Categories with a substantial percentage of facilities above 10 in a million include coke ovens, EO sterilizers, HON, petroleum refineries, polymers & resins II and IV, secondary lead, and shipbuilding & repair. For PCE dry cleaners, only one facility assessed, risk> 100 in a million; this is the largest emitter and likely the highest risk facility in that category. For magnetic tape, only one facility currently assessed, risk less than 1 in a million. Graph shows results for 17 source categories; a total of 707 facilities have been modeled to date; 352 of those show risks less than 1 in a million.
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