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1. Calcule las resistencias de diseño por tensión LRFD del ángulo mostrado en la Figura 01. Está
soldadosóloensuextremo(transversal)y a loslados(longitudinales)delala de 8 plg. Fy = 50 lb/plg2
y Fu = 70 lb/plg2
.
Resistencia a la tensión nominal o disponible del ángulo.
Pn = Fy x Ag = (50 lb/plg2
) (9.99 plg2
) = 499.5 LB
1)Fluencia de la sección bruta
tPn = t x Fy x Ag
tPn = (0.9)(499.5 k) = 449.5 LB
2)Resistencia a la fractura por tensión. (Ya que solamente un ala de L está conectada, es
necesario calcular un área efectiva reducida.) Usar la Tabla 3.2 (Caso 2).
U = 1 -
𝑥̅
𝐿
= 1-
1.56 𝑝𝑙𝑔
6 𝑝𝑙𝑔
= 0.74
Ae = Ag x U = (9.99 plg2
) (0.74) = 7.39 plg2
Pn = Fu x Ae = (70 klb/plg2
) (7.39 plg2
) = 517.3 k
tPn = t x Fu x Ae
tPn = (0.75)(517.3 k) = 388.0 LB
Respuesta: LRFD = 388.0 k (la fractura controla)
2.-
CALCULO DE REACCIONES
∑MC := 0 (IZQUIERDA)
3HA – 3VA + 3COS45(3) := 0
3HA – 3VA := -
9√2
2
… (I)
∑MB := 0
-6VA + 3sin 45(3) − 3sin 30(4) ≔ 0
VA = 0.06 TON
REEMPLAZANDO EN (I)
HA = -2.06 TON
∑FX := 0
-2.06 – HB + 3cos45 + 4 := 0
HB = 4.06 TON
∑FY:= 0
VA+ VB - 3sin 45 := 0
VB = 2.06 TON
- CORTES
 TRAMO AD (0<α<45)
FUERZAS AXIALES:
N = -0.06, 1.41
FUERZAS CORTANTE:
V = 2.06, 1.49
MOMENTO FLECTOR:
M = 0, -3.55
 TRAMO DC (45 < 𝛼 < 90)
FUERZAS AXIALES:
N = 1.41, -0.06
FUERZAS CORTANTES:
V = -1.5, -2.06
MOMENTO FLECTOR:
M = 4.42, 4.24
 TRAMO EB (0 < 𝛼 < 30)
FUERZAS AXIALES:
N = -2.06, -3.81
FUERZAS CORTANTES:
V= 4.06, 2.49
MOMENTO FLECTOR:
M = 0, -5.26
 TRAMO EC (0 < 𝛼 < 90)
FUERZAS AXIALES:
N = -2.06, -.06
FUERZAS CORTANTES:
V= 0.06, -2.06
MOMENTO FLECTOR:
M = -6, 4.39
3.-
A (11; 0.4; 0)
B (1; 0; 0)
C (0; 0; 0.6)
D (0; 0; -4)
𝐹⃗ = 10i +60j + 20k
BARRA NUDO1 NUDO2 COSλ COSµ COSƴ
EB E B 0.78 -0.62 0
BD B D -0.93 0 -0.37
BA B A 0.24 0.97 0
DA B A 0.88 0.32 0.32
BC B C -0.86 0 0.51
CA C A 0.83 0.30 -0.46
VECTOR UNITARIO:=
𝑋𝑖+𝑌𝑗+𝑍𝑘
√𝑥2+𝑌2+ 𝑍2
COSλ :=
𝑋𝑖
√𝑥2+𝑌2+ 𝑍2
COSµ :=
𝑌𝑗
√𝑥2+𝑌2+ 𝑍2
COSƴ:=
𝑍𝑘
√𝑥2+𝑌2+ 𝑍2
 𝐸𝐵⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := B – E
 𝐵𝐴⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := A – B
 𝐵𝐶⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := C – B
 𝐵𝐷⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := D – B
 𝐷𝐴⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := A – D
 𝐶𝐴⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := A – C
 NUDO A
𝑁𝑈𝐷𝑂 𝐴⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := ⌊
−0.83 −0.88 −0.24
−0.30 −0.32 −0.97
0.46 −0.32 0.00
⌋X [
𝑁𝑎𝑐
𝑁𝑎𝑑
𝑁𝑎𝑏
]= [
−10
−60
−20
]
𝑁𝑎𝑐 = −28.95𝐾𝑁
𝑁𝑎𝑑 = 21.05𝐾𝑁
𝑁𝑎𝐵 = 63.85𝐾𝑁
 NUDO B
NUDO B := [
−0.24 −0.97 0
−0.86 0 −0.51
0.92 0 0.37
] X [
𝑁𝑏𝑎
𝑁𝑏𝑐
𝑁𝑏𝑑
]= [
77.47
0
0
]
𝑁𝑏𝑎 = 63.85 𝐾𝑁
𝑁𝑏𝑐 = 79.81 𝐾𝑁
𝑁𝑏𝑑 = −12.32 𝐾𝑁
𝑁𝑏𝑒 = −99.19 𝐾𝑁
4.- ENCONTRAR LOS MOMENTOS CORTANTES Y AXIALES
∑MA := 0
VD := 1.64 TN
∑FY := 0
VA := 12.15 TN
∑-FX = 0
HA := 1.84 TN
 TRAMO AE
NAEa = -12.15 TON
NAEe = -12.15 TON
 TRAMO EB
NEBe = -8.15 TON
NEBb = -8.15 TON
 TRAMO BC
NBCb = -1.84 TON
NBCc = -1.84 TON
 TRAMO DF
NDFd = -1.51 TON
NDFf = -1.51 TON
5.-DISEÑAR TENSORES LARGUEROS
A36
DIAMETRO : 5/8”
Wteja = 16 LB/FT2
Ws = 20 LB/FT2
1) Wµ := 1.4 WD = 25.4 LB/FT2
2) Wµ := 1.2 WD +1.6WS = 52.1 LB/FT2
Wlarguero =
71𝑥11.5
37.9
:= 2.12 LB/FT2
At := 243.2 FT2
Pµ := 52.1 X 243.2 = 12.7 KLB
Pµt = 4 KLB
DISEÑO
AD :=
𝑃𝑢𝑡
∅0.75∗𝑓𝑢
= 0.12 IN2
 11 HILOS
Rn := ∅ 𝐴 𝐷 𝑋 𝑓𝑢
𝑅𝑛 = 13.4 𝐾𝐿𝐵
∅𝑅𝑛:= 0.75 𝑥 13.4 = 10 𝐾𝐿𝐵
6.- ENCONTRAREL DESPLAZAMIENTOEN EL PUNTOA DE LA ARMADURAMOSTRADA.
Δva:=? Ε:=2x106 kg/𝑐𝑚2 A= 4𝑐𝑚2
5 ton
4 m
2 ton
3 m 3 m
AC
E
D
BF
A
3 ton
5 ton
?
Vc Vd
ΣMc:= 0 ΣFy:= 0
Vd=
27+3𝑃
6
=
9+𝑃
3
Vc+
9+𝑃
2
-5-P=0
Vc=
1
2
+
𝑃
2
BARRA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
N
-3
0
0
-4.13
-4.13
0
1.88
P
6.88
ON/OP
0
0
0
-3/8
-3/8
0
0
1
-0.63
N(ON/OP)L
0
0
0
4.65
4.65
0
0
4P
-21.67
L
3
3
4
3
3
4
5
4
5
A
4x10−4
4x10−4
4x10−4
4x10−4
4x10−4
4x10−4
4x10−4
4x10−4
4x10−4
E
2x10−7
2x10−7
2x10−7
2x10−7
2x10−7
2x10−7
2x10−7
2x10−7
2x10−7
N(
𝑂𝑁
𝑂𝑃
)L/AE
0
0
0
5.81x10−4
5.81x10−4
0
0
1x10−3
-2.7x10−3
-5.38x10−4

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Ejericio analisis

  • 1. 1. Calcule las resistencias de diseño por tensión LRFD del ángulo mostrado en la Figura 01. Está soldadosóloensuextremo(transversal)y a loslados(longitudinales)delala de 8 plg. Fy = 50 lb/plg2 y Fu = 70 lb/plg2 . Resistencia a la tensión nominal o disponible del ángulo. Pn = Fy x Ag = (50 lb/plg2 ) (9.99 plg2 ) = 499.5 LB 1)Fluencia de la sección bruta tPn = t x Fy x Ag tPn = (0.9)(499.5 k) = 449.5 LB 2)Resistencia a la fractura por tensión. (Ya que solamente un ala de L está conectada, es necesario calcular un área efectiva reducida.) Usar la Tabla 3.2 (Caso 2). U = 1 - 𝑥̅ 𝐿 = 1- 1.56 𝑝𝑙𝑔 6 𝑝𝑙𝑔 = 0.74 Ae = Ag x U = (9.99 plg2 ) (0.74) = 7.39 plg2 Pn = Fu x Ae = (70 klb/plg2 ) (7.39 plg2 ) = 517.3 k tPn = t x Fu x Ae tPn = (0.75)(517.3 k) = 388.0 LB Respuesta: LRFD = 388.0 k (la fractura controla)
  • 2. 2.- CALCULO DE REACCIONES ∑MC := 0 (IZQUIERDA) 3HA – 3VA + 3COS45(3) := 0 3HA – 3VA := - 9√2 2 … (I) ∑MB := 0 -6VA + 3sin 45(3) − 3sin 30(4) ≔ 0 VA = 0.06 TON REEMPLAZANDO EN (I) HA = -2.06 TON ∑FX := 0 -2.06 – HB + 3cos45 + 4 := 0 HB = 4.06 TON ∑FY:= 0 VA+ VB - 3sin 45 := 0
  • 3. VB = 2.06 TON - CORTES  TRAMO AD (0<α<45) FUERZAS AXIALES: N = -0.06, 1.41 FUERZAS CORTANTE: V = 2.06, 1.49 MOMENTO FLECTOR: M = 0, -3.55  TRAMO DC (45 < 𝛼 < 90) FUERZAS AXIALES: N = 1.41, -0.06 FUERZAS CORTANTES: V = -1.5, -2.06 MOMENTO FLECTOR: M = 4.42, 4.24  TRAMO EB (0 < 𝛼 < 30) FUERZAS AXIALES: N = -2.06, -3.81 FUERZAS CORTANTES: V= 4.06, 2.49 MOMENTO FLECTOR: M = 0, -5.26  TRAMO EC (0 < 𝛼 < 90) FUERZAS AXIALES: N = -2.06, -.06 FUERZAS CORTANTES: V= 0.06, -2.06 MOMENTO FLECTOR: M = -6, 4.39
  • 4. 3.- A (11; 0.4; 0) B (1; 0; 0) C (0; 0; 0.6) D (0; 0; -4) 𝐹⃗ = 10i +60j + 20k BARRA NUDO1 NUDO2 COSλ COSµ COSƴ EB E B 0.78 -0.62 0 BD B D -0.93 0 -0.37 BA B A 0.24 0.97 0 DA B A 0.88 0.32 0.32 BC B C -0.86 0 0.51 CA C A 0.83 0.30 -0.46 VECTOR UNITARIO:= 𝑋𝑖+𝑌𝑗+𝑍𝑘 √𝑥2+𝑌2+ 𝑍2 COSλ := 𝑋𝑖 √𝑥2+𝑌2+ 𝑍2 COSµ := 𝑌𝑗 √𝑥2+𝑌2+ 𝑍2 COSƴ:= 𝑍𝑘 √𝑥2+𝑌2+ 𝑍2
  • 5.  𝐸𝐵⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := B – E  𝐵𝐴⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := A – B  𝐵𝐶⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := C – B  𝐵𝐷⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := D – B  𝐷𝐴⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := A – D  𝐶𝐴⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := A – C  NUDO A 𝑁𝑈𝐷𝑂 𝐴⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ := ⌊ −0.83 −0.88 −0.24 −0.30 −0.32 −0.97 0.46 −0.32 0.00 ⌋X [ 𝑁𝑎𝑐 𝑁𝑎𝑑 𝑁𝑎𝑏 ]= [ −10 −60 −20 ] 𝑁𝑎𝑐 = −28.95𝐾𝑁 𝑁𝑎𝑑 = 21.05𝐾𝑁 𝑁𝑎𝐵 = 63.85𝐾𝑁  NUDO B NUDO B := [ −0.24 −0.97 0 −0.86 0 −0.51 0.92 0 0.37 ] X [ 𝑁𝑏𝑎 𝑁𝑏𝑐 𝑁𝑏𝑑 ]= [ 77.47 0 0 ] 𝑁𝑏𝑎 = 63.85 𝐾𝑁 𝑁𝑏𝑐 = 79.81 𝐾𝑁 𝑁𝑏𝑑 = −12.32 𝐾𝑁 𝑁𝑏𝑒 = −99.19 𝐾𝑁 4.- ENCONTRAR LOS MOMENTOS CORTANTES Y AXIALES
  • 6. ∑MA := 0 VD := 1.64 TN ∑FY := 0 VA := 12.15 TN ∑-FX = 0 HA := 1.84 TN  TRAMO AE NAEa = -12.15 TON NAEe = -12.15 TON  TRAMO EB NEBe = -8.15 TON NEBb = -8.15 TON  TRAMO BC NBCb = -1.84 TON NBCc = -1.84 TON  TRAMO DF NDFd = -1.51 TON NDFf = -1.51 TON 5.-DISEÑAR TENSORES LARGUEROS A36 DIAMETRO : 5/8”
  • 7. Wteja = 16 LB/FT2 Ws = 20 LB/FT2 1) Wµ := 1.4 WD = 25.4 LB/FT2 2) Wµ := 1.2 WD +1.6WS = 52.1 LB/FT2 Wlarguero = 71𝑥11.5 37.9 := 2.12 LB/FT2 At := 243.2 FT2 Pµ := 52.1 X 243.2 = 12.7 KLB Pµt = 4 KLB DISEÑO AD := 𝑃𝑢𝑡 ∅0.75∗𝑓𝑢 = 0.12 IN2  11 HILOS Rn := ∅ 𝐴 𝐷 𝑋 𝑓𝑢 𝑅𝑛 = 13.4 𝐾𝐿𝐵 ∅𝑅𝑛:= 0.75 𝑥 13.4 = 10 𝐾𝐿𝐵 6.- ENCONTRAREL DESPLAZAMIENTOEN EL PUNTOA DE LA ARMADURAMOSTRADA. Δva:=? Ε:=2x106 kg/𝑐𝑚2 A= 4𝑐𝑚2 5 ton 4 m 2 ton 3 m 3 m AC E D BF A 3 ton 5 ton ? Vc Vd
  • 8. ΣMc:= 0 ΣFy:= 0 Vd= 27+3𝑃 6 = 9+𝑃 3 Vc+ 9+𝑃 2 -5-P=0 Vc= 1 2 + 𝑃 2 BARRA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 N -3 0 0 -4.13 -4.13 0 1.88 P 6.88 ON/OP 0 0 0 -3/8 -3/8 0 0 1 -0.63 N(ON/OP)L 0 0 0 4.65 4.65 0 0 4P -21.67 L 3 3 4 3 3 4 5 4 5 A 4x10−4 4x10−4 4x10−4 4x10−4 4x10−4 4x10−4 4x10−4 4x10−4 4x10−4 E 2x10−7 2x10−7 2x10−7 2x10−7 2x10−7 2x10−7 2x10−7 2x10−7 2x10−7 N( 𝑂𝑁 𝑂𝑃 )L/AE 0 0 0 5.81x10−4 5.81x10−4 0 0 1x10−3 -2.7x10−3 -5.38x10−4