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1. Introduction to Cloud
Computing
Prof. Shie-Jue Lee
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
National Sun Yat-sen University

2. Cloud Computing
“It’s one of the foundations of the next
generation of computing. . .. It’s a world
where the network is the platform for all
computing, where everything we think of as a
computer today is just a device that connects
to the big computer we’re building. Cloud
computing is a great way to think about how
we’ll deliver computing services in the future.”
—Tim O’Reilly, CEO, O’Reilly Media

3. High-Level Look
 In many ways, cloud computing is simply a
metaphor for the Internet, the increasing
movement of compute and data resources
onto the Web.

4. High-Level Look
 But there’s a difference:
Higher efficiency
massive scalability
faster, easier software development
 It’s about new programming models, new IT
infrastructure, and the enabling of new
business models.

5. Why Cloud Computing
 IT Efficiency + Economy
Delivering resources on demand
Reduce capital expenditures
Cut the cost of running a datacenter
Eliminate overprovisioning

6. Why Cloud Computing
 Faster, More Flexible Programming
Accelerated cycles
Increase agility

7. Harnessing Cloud Computing
 Use the Cloud
 Leverage the Cloud
Development and testing
Functional offloading
Augmentation
Experimenting
 Build the Cloud
 Be the Cloud

8. Cloud Types
 Public clouds:
Run by third parties, and jobs from many
different customers may be mixed together
on the servers, storage systems, and other
infrastructure within the cloud. End users
don’t know who else’s job may be me running
on the same server, network, or disk as their
own jobs.

9. Cloud Types
 Private clouds:
Are a good option for companies dealing with
data protection and service-level issues.
Private clouds are on-demand infrastructure
owned by a single customer who controls
which applications run, and where. They own
the server, network, and disk and can decide
which users are allowed to use the
infrastructure.

10. Cloud Types
 Hybrid clouds:
Combine the public and private cloud models.
You own parts and share other parts, though
in a controlled way. Hybrid clouds offer the
promise of on-demand, externally provisioned
scale, but add the complexity of determining
how to distribute applications across these
different environments.

11. Enabling Technologies
 Horizontally scaled, distributed compute
nodes
 Sophisticated file systems
 Superscale cloud architectures
 New techniques of data-intensive computing
 Machine images can be instantly deployed

12. Cornerstone Technology
Virtualization — the abstraction of computer
resources — is the cornerstone technology
for all cloud architectures. With the ability to
virtualize servers (behind a hypervisor-
abstracted operating system), storage
devices, desktops, and applications, a wide
array of IT resources can now be allocated
on demand

13. Old Computers
Application
Operating
System
Hardware

14. By Virtualization
Application
Operating
System
Hypervisor
Hardware

15. Virtualization -- a Server for Multiple
Applications/OS Application
Application
Application
Application
Application
Application
Operating
Operating
System
Operating
Operating
Operating System
System
System
Operating System
System
Hypervisor
Hardware
Hardware

16. Service Layers
 Software as a Service (SaaS)
Features a complete application offered as a
service, ondemand, via multitenancy
meaning a single instance of the software
runs on the provider’s infrastructure and
serves multiple client organizations.

17. Service Layers
 Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Is the encapsulation of a development
environment abstraction and the packaging of
a payload of services. PaaS offerings can
provide for every phase of software
development and testing.

18. Service Layers
 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Is a means of delivering basic storage and
compute capabilities as standardized
services over the network. Servers, storage
systems, switches, routers, and other
systems are pooled (through virtualization
technology, for example) to handle specific
types of workloads.

19. Inside the Cloud
 Virtualization
Higher utilization rates
Resource consolidation
Lower power usage/costs
Space savings
Disaster recovery/business continuity
Reduced operations costs

20. Inside the Cloud
 Virtualization
Operating System Virtualization
Platform Virtualization
Network Virtualization
Application Virtualization

21. Inside the Cloud
 Software Deployment
Software Packaging
Machine Images