2. Roles of discourse-organizing words
3.6 Signalling larger textual patterns
Representing segments of
text
Parceling up phrases and
whole sentences
Signaling to the reader
what larger textual
patterns are being realized
Discourse-organizing
words are particular
vocabulary that tend
to cluster round
certain elements of
text patterns.
3. TOP-DWON: Once learners
are conscious of a larger
text-pattern, they can be
brought to an awareness of
the rich vein of vocabulary.
BOTTOM-UP: Learners can
bring together in their
vocabulary records items
that regularly occur in
similar textual
environments
Function of discourse-organizing words
5. TV Violence: No Simple Solution
There is no doubt that one of the major
concerns of both viewers and
broadcasters is the amount and nature of
violence on our television screens.
The chief ‘lesson’ of all our viewing,
reading and discussion is that there is no
simple solution to the problem of
violence on television.
6. TV Violence: No Simple Solution
There is no doubt that one of the major
concerns of both viewers and
broadcasters is the amount and nature of
violence on our television screens.
The chief ‘lesson’ of all our viewing,
reading and discussion is that there is no
simple solution to the problem of
violence on television.
7.
8. 3.7 Register and Signalling Vocabulary
Register is one of linguistic features of the text that reflects the
social context in which it is produced.
the context, author’s assumptions, style, et.
Look at (3.17) and (3.18) page 83
Idioms are good to organize the discourse
and to signal evaluation.
Idioms in problem-solution pattern:
In a fix up a gum tree
To come up trumps to be up against a brick wall
To have a crack at does the trick
help students to tackle long texts.The importance of certain vocabulary items
9. 3.8 Modality
Epistemic modalities
• Certainty and possibility
Root modalities
• Volition, permission and obligation
Carries important information about the stance
and attitude of the sender
to the message.
10. Verbs adverbs
Appear
Assume
Doubt
Guess
Look as if
Suggest
Think
Actually
Certainly
Inevitably
Obviously
possibly
Modality is fundamental in the creation of discourse.
“The cat sat on the mat”.
“I suppose it’s possible the cat just may have sat on the mat”.
Reader Activity 7 page 86
11. Conclusion:
1. The study of vocabulary in discourse is concerned with patterns in
text generated by the vocabulary relations that are found over clause
and sentence boundaries, the role of certain words in organizing
discourses and signaling their structure and the relationship between
the features of textuality and the register of the end product.
2. This helps us to motivate for the construction of word lists to
supplement the traditional semantic-field orientation. Moreover,
students can be encouraged to collect items along discourse-
functional lines.