Denis van der Putten Maritime Spatial Planning in France

Maritime Spatial Planning
in France

MSP a way to be looking for Paradoxs
to take on Change ?

Ministry for Ecology, Sustainable Development, Transport and Housing Ronald C. Baird Sea Grant Science Symposium
Inter Counties Directorate for Marine Affairs East Channel and North Sea 2012-05-16 1

The English Channel

« Manica,
pars oceani inter
angliam et galliam »

Gallis : La Manche
Bellis : Het Canaal
Anglis : The Channel


Local Authorities


Local Authority, Municipality
279 Mayors able to plan sea floor use

12 miles


Local Authority, Municipality


Local Authority, Department

7 Departments : coast line and harbors


Local Authority, Region

Nord-Pas-de-Calais

Haute-
Normandie Picardie

Basse-
Normandie


State Authority at the Local Level
Prefect for the Sea
Prefect for the County


State Directorate at the local level
4 facades
Inter County
MEMN
Directorate for Marine
Affairs East Channel
and North Sea
Inter Counties
Directorate for Marine
Affairs NAMO

SA

Med


Governance at the National Level
• Prime minister :
– Interministerial Committee of the Sea
– General secretary of the sea
• 10 main ministries are involved in
maritime planning :
– Ministry for ecology, sustainable
development, transport and housing
– Ministry for agriculture and fisheries
– Ministry for industry and economy
– …


Grenelle for Environment
Grenelle for the Sea
• 2007 : Grenelle for Environment
• 2008 – 2009 : Grenelle for the Sea
• For the first time representatives of the
french government and of the whole
society were brought together.
• The aim was to prepare a working
schedule in favour of environment,
sustainable development and planning.


Grenelle for Environment
Grenelle for the Sea
• 2009-07-15 : 138 commitments of
Grenelle of the sea published into the
Blue Book of the Grenelle of the sea
• 2009-07-16 : in Le Havre, the President
of the Republic expressed the desire to
see a Blue Book on France’s maritime
policy
• 2009-12-08 : Blue Book, a National
Strategy for the sea and oceans


Blue Book, a National Strategy
for the Sea and Oceans
• 2009, after the Grenelle for the Sea, the Prime Minister promoted a
framework for the sea and oceans
• Four priorities for french maritime policy :
– Invest in the future : be future-oriented and environment-
friendly
– Develop a sustainable economy of the sea : aim to
develop a sustainable economy of the sea, a source of added
value and employment, particularly for coastal populations
– Promote the maritime dimension of the French
overseas territories
– Assert France’s place on the international scene :
in Europe, and through Europe.
• Six measures : creation of a coast guard function, creation of
new marine conservation zones, maritime teaching reform, creation
of a platform for the maritime renewable energies, acceleration of
the strategic planning of the offshore wind energy, creation of the
inter counties directions for marine.

Toward an integrated Policy


Planning and Governance
• The commitments of Grenelle of the
environment and the sea were
transcribed in the Grenelle’s laws :
– National council for the sea and for
the coasts
• National Strategy for the Sea
– Maritime Facade Council
• Strategic Document for each Facade


Planning Offshore Wind Energy
• Grenelle of environment commitments : 6 000 MW of
Wind Energy until 2020
• January 11th, 2012 first call to developpers to install
3 000 MW in 5 zones ; 1 000 / 1 200 wind turbines

• A top down process to find ease Areas for Offshore
Wind Farms :
• Energy Regulation Council : manage the Call to Developers
• Ministry in charge of the Sea / Directorate for Energy and
Climate / Technical Agency : manage Consultation of
Stakeholders at national level, data and GIS
• Prefects of Region : manage the Consultation of the
Stakeholders at the Maritime Facade level



• Maritime renewable energy
• Link to the mapping website :
http://www.geolittoral.equipement.gouv.fr/cartographie-
en-ligne-a289.html


The Technical Potential

Current



Fixed structure :
- 30 m



Fixed structure :
- 40 m



Floating structure


Uses
Fishing activities


Uses
Others Activities and Uses


Uses
Transportation – Security


Uses
Environment


Suitable Areas


An Economic Result
April 6th, 2012 :
Fécamp (Seine-Maritime, 498 MW):
Eolien Maritime
Courseulles-sur-Mer (Calvados, 450
MW), Eolien Maritime France
Saint-Nazaire (Loire-Atlantique, 480
MW), Eolien Maritime France ;
Saint-Brieuc (Côtes d’Armor, 500
MW), Ailes Marines SAS

2015 : building of the Wind
Farms, support to
Employment, Factories,
Harbors



Sharing Tax :
• National Fund for Compensation of Offshore Wind
Energy Tax : 14 139 € (18047 USD) per built MW
• 50 % to Municipalities
• 35 % to the National Comitee for Sustainable Development of
Halieutic Ressources to support fisheries organizations projects
• 15 % to support other marine activities including actions to
improve or maintain good status of marine ecosystem after an
advice of the Facade Maritime Council
• 1 928 MW are being build from 2015, it might be
collected 27 259 992 € (34 794 616 USD) per year of
tax


Planning Marine Protected Areas

Marine Protected Areas Agency
• Link to the Marine Protected Areas Agency
Website (Introduction in English language)
http://www.aires-marines.fr/french-marine-protected-areas-
agency.html

• Link to its mapping Website :
http://cartographie.aires-marines.fr/?q=carto/simple


• The law on marine nature park of April 14th, 2006, also creates the French
Marine Protected Areas Agency (Agence des aires marines protégées). It is a
public entity under the control of an administrative board composed of national
representatives of State, local authorities and stakeholders.

• Its aims are:
– support public policies in the field of marine protected areas, both concerning
their creation and their management,
– manage the human and financial resources dedicated to marine nature
parks,
– and give technical and administrative support to managers of marine
protected areas.

• Beyond its practical missions, the French Agency is due to foster the attention on
marine biodiversity issues and to keep the momentum on the ambitious objective
of establishing a significant marine protected areas network : a new National
Strategy for Management and Creation of new Marine Protected Areas is
available since April 18th, 2012.. It is also expected that the Agency will
contribute to strengthen the participation of France to the international
arrangements concerning the protection of the oceans.

• http://www.aires-
marines.fr/images/stories/evenement/resume_strategie_scgamp_2012.pdf


Stakeholders Working Groups


Project Governance


Regional Strategic Analysis


Perimeter



• Public enquiry, based upon :
– Data : Uses, Heritage
– A List of Issues for the Management
– Perimeter
• Ministerial Decree :
– Perimeter
– The List of Issues for the Management
– Management Council
• Management Council :
– Management Plan : Stakes, Aims, Rules


• Management Council contributes to the
Regulation of the activities :
– Economic influence :
• Culture of seaweeds :
– Organic Certification,
– Reduction of the number of Breeder
– Legal influence, produces Common Law :
• Opinion during a procedure of authorization for the
regularization of a pigsty and its extension :
– Favorable to the regularization, opposite to the extension
– Taken in acount by the Prefect / the Breeder of Pigs


EU MSFD
• http://www.dredging.org/documents/ceda/dow
nloads/2011-seasforlife.pdf
• The aim of the European Union's ambitious
Marine Strategy Framework Directive is to
protect more effectively the marine
environment across Europe.
• The Marine Directive was adopted on 17
June 2008, after several years of preparation
and extensive consultation of all the relevant
actors and the public, and came into force on
15 June 2008. It was due to be transposed
into national legislation by 15 July 2010.


EU MSFD
• What does a Marine Strategy include?
– The initial assessment of the current environmental status of
national marine waters and the environmental impact and
socio-economic analysis of human activities in these waters
(by 15 July 2012)
– The determination of what GES means for national marine
waters (by 15 July 2012)
– The establishment of environmental targets and associated
indicators to achieve GES by 2020 (by 15 July 2012)
– The establishment of a monitoring programme for the
ongoing assessment and the regular update of targets (by 15
July 2014)
– The development of a programme of measures designed to
achieve or maintain GES by 2020 (by 2015)
– The review and preparation of the second cycle (2018 –
2021)


EU MSFD


EU MSFD
Achieve Good Environmental Status by 2020
• The main goal of the Marine Directive is to achieve Good Environmental
Status of EU marine waters by 2020. The Directive defines Good
Environmental Status (GES) as:
• “The environmental status of marine waters where these
provide ecologically diverse and dynamic oceans and seas
which are clean, healthy and productive” Article 3
• GES means that the different uses made of the marine resources are
conducted at a sustainable level, ensuring their continuity for future
generations.
• In addition, GES means that:
• Ecosystems, including their hydro-morphological (i.e. the structure and
evolution of the water resources), physical and chemical conditions, are
fully functioning and resilient to human-induced environmental change;
• The decline of biodiversity caused by human activities is prevented and
biodiversity is protected;
• Human activities introducing substances and energy into the marine
environment do not cause pollution effects. Noise from human activities
is compatible with the marine environment and its ecosystems.


French MSP linking with EU
MSFD Implementation

Link to the mapping site :
http://www.ifremer.fr/sextant/fr/web/dcsm
m/editorial


MSP and EU MSFD
Ecological Status
Currents


MSP and EU MSFD
Ecological Status
Habitats


MSP and EU MSFD
Pressures and Impacts
Aggregates extraction


MSP and EU MSFD
Economical and Social Analysis
Yachting,
number of sites
per Municipality


EU MSP
• COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE
COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS, 2007
– An Integrated Maritime Policy for the European Union
• COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION, 2008
– Roadmap for Maritime Spatial Planning: Achieving
Common Principles in the EU
• COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE
COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS, 2010
– Maritime Spatial Planning in the EU – Achievements and
Future Development
• REGULATION (EU) No 1255/2011 OF THE EUROPEAN
PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL, November 30th, 2011
– Establishing a Programme to support the further
Development of an Integrated Maritime Policy


EU MSP
Commission communication, 2008
• EU instruments :
– Environmental legislation : MSFD, Water Framework
Directive (WFD), The Habitats Directive and the Birds
Directive (NATURA 2000), The Strategic Environment
Assessment (SEA) Directive
– The Common Fisheries Policy (CFP)
– Other instruments : the EU ICZM Recommendation,
Communication on offshore wind energy


EU MSP
Commission Communication, 2008
• Key Principles Emerging from Maritime Spatial
Planning Practice :
1. Using MSP according to area and type of activity
2. Defining objectives to guide MSP
3. Developing MSP in a transparent manner
4. Stakeholder participation
5. Coordination within Member States — Simplifying decision
processes
6. Ensuring the legal effect of national MSP
7. Cross-border cooperation and consultation
8. Incorporating monitoring and evaluation in the planning process
9. Achieving coherence between terrestrial and maritime spatial
planning — relation with ICZM
10. A strong data and knowledge base


French point of vue
on EU MSP
• 2011-10-11 the french ministry, in charge of the
sea met the Commissioner in charge of maritime
affairs
• France is early on the European
approach :
– Development of the maritime economy in all its
aspects
– Governance at both national and local levels has
been modernized
– Maritime spatial planning is in progress
• The ministry supports the european initiative
and is available to deepen the committed
works


Marine Spatial Planning for the
Manche est mer du Nord Facade
???


What new drivers could be
developed ?
• To give to the Marine Council for the
Facade the Core Place, the aim could be to reinforce
local democracy, transparency and develop local capacity for
MSP : a new meeting place from which advices could outcome to
help into the process of decision making.

• To quickly implement the Research
Program : « draw me a plan for the sea.. »
we are now writing with scientists. The implementation of this
project could offer the opportunity to bring people be in
confidence enough to build a common spatialized and drawn
vision and that it will create an important local demand that could
be able to define the mandate for the Directorates, to difine an
Agenda for this Initiative. Such research program could influence
decision process of both local and national authorities.


What else do we need first
to be successful ?

- To implement a based environmental
Initiative funded using MSFD aims and
issues : GIS data, assess of ecosystem
status, definition of environmental objectives
and measures to implement, to maintain or to
reach the good environmental status.

- To have a deadline defined, maybe ordered
by a restrictive European Directive.


What do we expect out of the
Implementation of our MSP
Initiative ?

• Make People express what they prefer the
Futur to be.

• To develop an Initiative able to make
People find an add value to manage their
Environment as a Common Good.


Work in Progress…

…to be drawn…

Denis van der Putten Maritime Spatial Planning in France

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