3. TEKNOLOGI MODERN
Dalam perkembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, telah
dilalui beberapa tahap yaitu:
Deskriptif &
Kumulatif
Dipelajari dan
diamati
Simulatif dan
kuantitatif
Melakukan uji
coba
IPA bersifat
dinamis
Eksperimen
baru dan teori
baru 3
4. MASALAH LINGKUNGAN
Pencapaian Kemakmuran dan Perluasan
Kemudahan
Dampak Terhadap Pendayagunaan Sumber
Daya Alam
Dampak terhadap Transportasi dan Komunikasi
Dampak terhadap Peningkatan Kesehatan
Dampak Terhadap Sumberdaya Manusia
4
5. POSITIVE NEGATIVE
5
para ahli terus
mengmbangkn
teknologi2 baru
informasi
mudah di
dapatkan dan
diakses krn
adanya jringn
internet
dapat
berkomunikasi
tanpa harus
bertemu baik
antar kota,
negara bahkan
antar benua
9. CONTINUE…
Melestarikannya
9
Empat masalah yang menonjol
yang perlu di tanggulangi demi
kelestaria hidup manusia di masa
mendatang :
1. Masalah energi pergantian
minyakbumi.
2. Penggunaan teknologi yang
tepat guna dengan mengurai
dampak negatifnya.
3. Masalah laju pertumbuhan
penduduk yang harus di
tanggulangi, antara lain dengan
KB.
4. Masalah kelestarian lingkungan
hidup yang merupakan
tanggung jawad dan
diusahakan bersama.
We all know them very well but is it all we know about phoneme? No its notta as simple as it looks like there is much to be explored yet
Like other linguistic notions, such as “sentence,”“syllable,” and “topic,” what starts out as a relatively unproblematic intuitiveconcept inevitably gets caught up in theory-internal considerations. In the caseof the phoneme, three issues have been particularly contentious: (i) what sort ofentity is the phoneme (physical, psychological, other); (ii) what is the contentof the phoneme; and (iii) how does one identify phonemes?
Representing the underspecified phoneme. The remarks concerning Sapir, Jakobson,and Trubetzkoy above suggest a view of the phoneme as having a single representation,from which other variants, or allophones, are derived. Moreover, ifthe interpretation of these proposals given above is correct, it would appearthat this one representation of the phoneme is underspecified, in the sense that itconsists only of contrastive properties (chapter 7: feature specification andunderspecification). Underspecified phonemic representations were proposedby Jakobson and his colleagues (see, among others, Jakobsonet al. 1952 and Jakobsonand Halle 1956). They proposed that contrastive features are assigned by successivelydividing up an inventory until each phoneme has been assigned a uniquerepresentation. This theory has been taken up within generative phonology underthe name Modified Contrastive Specification (MCS; Dresher et al. 1994; D. C. Hall2007; Dresher 2009).