a brief explanation about Periodontal instrumentation ......hope enjoy it.....

2. PERIDONTAL INSTRUMENTS
CLASSIFICATION:
1. PERIODONTAL PROBES
2. EXPLORERS
3. SCALING, ROOT-PLANING &
CURETTAGE
4. PERIODONTAL ENDOSCOPE
5. CLEANSING & POLISHING
INSTRUMENTS

3. CLASSIFICATION
• PERIODONTAL PROBES
used to locate, measure and mark pockets as
well as determine their course on individual
tooth surfaces
• EXPLORERS
to locate calculus deposites and caries

4. • SCALING, ROOT-PLANING AND
CURETTAGE INSTRUMENTS-
for removal of plaque and calcified
deposites from crown and root of tooth,
removal of altered cementum from the
subgingival root surface, and debridement
of the soft tissue lining the pocket.
Sickle scaler- to remove supragingival
calculus

5. Curettes- for subgingival scaling, root planing
and removal of the soft tissue lining the
pocket
Hoe, chisel and file scaler- to remove
tenacious calculus and altered cementum
• Ultrasonic and sonic instruments- for
cleansing and polishing tooth surface and
curetting the soft tissue wall of the
periodontal pocket

6. • CLEANSING & POLISHING INSTRUMENT
eg: rubber cups, brushes, dental tape,
air-powder abrasive system

7. PARTS OF INSTRUMENT

8. PERIDONATAL PROBES
A. Marquis colour coded probe
B. Unc-15 probe
C. University of Michigan “o” probe
D. Michigan “o” probe with marking 3, 6 and 8
E. W.H.O. probe

9. NABERS PROBE
• TAPERED ROD LIKE
INSTRUMENT CALIBERATED IN
MILLIMETERS, WITH A BLUNT
ROUND TIP
• FURCATION AREAS BEST
EVALUATED BY THE CURVED
BLUNT NABERS PROBE
• PLASTIC PROBES IN CASE OF
IMPLANTS
• PROBE IS INSERTED WITH A
FIRM GENTLE PRESSURE TO
THE BOTTOM OF THE POCKET.
SHANK SHOULD ALLIGN WITH
THE LONG AXIS OF THE TOOTH

10. EXPLORERS

11. TYPE OF SCALERS:

12. SICKEL SCALERS

13. SICKLE SCALERS /
SUPRAGINGIVAL SCALERS
• USED TO REMOVE LARGE CALCULUS DEPOSITS FROM
THE ENAMEL SURFACE
• USED WITH A PULL STROKE

14. • LATERAL SURFACE:- STRAIGHT, MEET IN A
POINT TIP
• NO OF CUTTING EDGE:- 2 CUTTING EDGE
• WORKING END IN CROSS SECTION:-
TRIANGULAR
• SICKLE SCALERS WITH STRAIGHT SHANKS
ARE DESIGNED FOR USE ON ANTERIOR
TEETH
• SICKLE SCALERS WITH CONTRA ANGLED
SHANKS ADAPT TO POSTERIOR TEETH
• U15/30 & UNIVERSITY SICKLE SCALER ARE
LARGE
• JAQUETTE SICKLE SCALERS HAVE MEDIUM
SIZE

15. HOE SCALERS
• HOE SCALERS ARE USED FOR
SCALING OF LEDGES OR RINGS
CALCULUS
• BLADE IS BENT AT 99 ANGLE
• CUTTING EDGE BEVELED AT 45
DEGREE
• BLADE IS SLIGHT BOWED SO
THAT IT CAN MAINTAIN TWO
CONTACT AT TWO POINTS ON A
CONVEX SURFACE
• THE BLADE IS INSERTED TO THE
BASE OF THE PERIDONTAL
POCKET SO THAT IT MAKES TWO
POINT CONTACT WITH THE TOOTH
.THIS STABLIZES THE
INSTRUMENT AND PREVENT
NICKING OF THE ROOT.

16. CHISEL SCALERS
• IT IS DESIGNED FOR THE PROXIMAL SURFACE
OF TEETH TOO CLOSELY SPACED TO PERMIT
THE USE OF OTHER SCALERS
• IT IS USUALLY USED IN ANTERIOR PART OF
THE MOUTH
• CHISEL INSERTED FROM FACIAL SURFACE
• INSTRUMENT IS ACTIVATED WITH A PUSH
MOTION WHILE THE SIDE SIDE OF THE BLADE
IS HELD FIRMLY AGAINST THE ROOT

17. FILES
• THEIR PRIMARY
FUNCTION IS TO
FRACTURE OR CRUSH
LARGE DEPOSITE OF
TENACIOUS CALCULUS
• FILES CAN EASILY
ROUGHEN ROOT
SURFACES WHEN USED
IMPROPERLY
THEREFORE, THEY ARE
SUITABLE FOR FINE
SCALING
• MINI BLABE CURETTE
ARE NOW PREFERRED

18. CURETTES

19. • CURETTES ARE OF TWO TYPES
1.UNIVERSAL
2.AREA SPECIFIC
• UNIVERSAL CURETTES
-USED IN ANY AREA
-BOTH CUTTING EDGES USED
-CURVED IN ONE PLANE
-FACE OF BLADE AT 90 DEGREE TO SHANK
• AREA SPECIFIC
-USED IN SPECIFIC AREAS
-ONE CUTTING EDGE USED
-CURVED IN TWO PLANE
OFFSET BLADE

20. GRACEY CURETTES
1-2 & 3-4 ANTERIOR TEETH
5-6 ANTERIOR TEETH &
PREMOLARS
7-8 & 9-10 FACIAL & LINGUAL-
POSTERIORS
11-12 MESIAL- POSTERIORS
13-14 DISTAL- POSTERIORS

21. ADAPTATION IN GRACEY CURETTE

22. MINI BLADED CURETTES
-MODIFICATIONS OF AFTER
FIVE CURETTES
-BLADES ARE HALF THE
LENGTH OF AFTER FIVE OR
STANDERD GRACEY
CURETTES
-SHORTER BLADES ALLOWS
EASIER INSERTION AND
ADAPTATION IN
DEEP,NARROW
POCKETS;FURCATIONS
eg HU-FRIEDY MINI FVE
CURETTES

23. DIAMOND COATED FILES
UNIQUE INSTRUMENTS USED FOR FINAL FINISHING OF
ROOT SURFACES
QUETIN FURCATION CURETTES
HOES WITH A SHALLOW, HALF MOON RADIOUS THAT
FITS INTO ROOF OR FLOOR OF FURCATION &
DEVELOPMENTAL DEPRESSIONS OF ROOT SURFACE

24. QUETIN FURCATION
CURETTES

25. SCHWARTZ PERIOTRIEVER & LANGER
CURETTES COMBINE GRACEY-TYPE

26. PERIODONAL ENDOSCOPY

27. CLEANSING & POLISHING INSTRUMENT
eg: rubber cups, brushes, dental
tape,
air-powder abrasive system

28. ULTRASONIC INSTRUMENTS
• USED FOR REMOVING
PLAQUE, STAINS, FOR
SCALING & CURETTAGE
2 TYPES-MAGNECTOSTRICTIVE
& PIEZOELECTRIC
• ALTERNATING ELECTRIC
CURRENTS GENERATES
OSCILLATIONS THAT CAUSES
SCALER TIP TO VIBRATE
• 20,000-45,000 CYCLES PER
SEC
• IN MAGNETOSTRICTIVE,
PATTERN OF VIBRATION IS
ELLIPTICAL- ALL SIDES OF