Plants can be divided into two main groups - those that produce seeds and those that do not. Seedless plants are further divided into thallophytes (algae and fungi), bryophytes (mosses and liverworts), and pteridophytes (ferns and club mosses). Seed-producing plants include gymnosperms (conifers) and angiosperms (flowering plants). Angiosperms are divided into monocots and dicots depending on whether they have one or two seed leaves. Monocots and dicots also differ in root structure, leaf vein patterns, and flower structures.

1. PLANTS THAT DO NOT MAKE
SEEDS
AND SEED-PRODUCING
PLANTS
Renee M. Educational
Guirao

2. Plants around us

3. PLANTS THAT DO NOT MAKE
SEEDS

4. Plants that Do Not Make Seeds
 There are different kinds of plants in this
group. What is common to them is that they do
not produce seeds. Some of them have
leaves, roots and stems and some have parts
that look different.

5. Plants that Do Not Make Seeds
 Are divided into three important groups;
namely:
• thallopytes (algae and fungi)
• Bryophytes (mosses, liverworts)
• Pteridophytes (ferns, club mosses, horsetails)

6. Thallophytes
 Simplest group of plants
 They lack true roots, stems, leaves and
flowers.
 Example are algae and fungi.

7. Fungi
 Molds, mushroom and yeasts are examples of
fungi.
Magic Mushrooms Fungi in fruit

8. Fungi
 Molds are commonly seen growing on fruits
and breads. They cause food spoilage. Some
molds cause diseases but other molds are
helpful. They are the source of penicillin and
antibiotic drugs
Penicillium fungi in grapes. Penicillin and antibiotic
drugs

9. Fungi
 Yeasts are used in making wines, cheese
and make the dough rise so helps make a
light tasty bread.

10. 
Life Cycle of
Thallopythes

12. Examples of Thallophytes:
Algae
• Algae have green coloring
called chlorophyll.
• They are the most
important food makers in
the water environment.
• They supply the food and
oxygen for fishes and
other water organisms.
• Some algae, called
seaweeds supply agar, a
jelly on which bacteria are
grown in science
laboratory. seaweeds

13. Life Cycle of Algae

14. Bryophytes
 They do not have roots and stems, they have
simple leaves.
 They can make their own foods .
 They live in moist places as well as on rocks
and stone walls.
 Examples of bryophytes are liverworts and
mosses

15. Examples of Bryophytes:
 Liverworts  Mosses

16. Life Cycle
of Bryophytes

18. Pteridophytes:
 They have true roots, stems and leaves, but
they do not have flowers, fruits and seeds.
 Some grow as the size of your fingers, some
can grow into trees.
 They can make their own foods.
 They grow in moist, shady places.
 They are easy to identify because of their
delicate leaves called fronds.

19. Examples of Pteridophytes:
 Ferns, club mosses and horsetails.
Ferns Horsetail
s

20. Life Cycle of Pteridophytes

21. Sori

22. SEED-PRODUCING
PLANTS

23. Seed-Producing Plants:
 They are the most familiar plants.
 They all have true roots, stems and leaves.
 Trees, grasses, cacti and flowering plants are
all seed producing plant.
 Seed-producing plants are also called
spermatophytes.

24. Seed-Producing Plants:
 Are further grouped into two:
• Gymnosperms or flowerless seed plants
• Angiosperm or flowering plants

25. Gymnosperms:
 Gymnosperms are plants with exposed seeds.
That is seeds are not inside a fruit.
 Examples of gymnosperms are pine trees,
cypress and cedar. They are seed producing
plants which do not have true flowers.
 Most gymnosperms grow cones.
 Conifers are the most familiar gymnosperms.
Pines, firs, spruces and redwoods are all conifers.
Conifer means cone bearing.

26. Gymnosperms Reproduction

28. Seed-Producing Plants:
 Are further grouped into two:
• Gymnosperms or flowerless seed plants
• Angiosperm or flowering plants

29. Angiosperms
 Angiosperms are plants whose seed are
produced within fruits.
 Most plants that you know are seed plants that
produce flowers.
 They come in different forms: trees, shrubs,
vines and herbs.
 Angiosperms are divided into two groups:
• Monocots
• Dicots

30. Monocots
 Monocots are seed plants that have only one
seed leaf or cotyledon. “Mono” means one.
 The leaves of monocots are narrow with a parallel
vein pattern.
 Monocots have fibrous roots. A fibrous root is
made up of roots growing in clusters.
 A taproot has a single big root with smaller
growing from it.
 Examples of monocots are corn, onions, lilies,
orchids, tulips, palms and grasses. Palms are
monocots that grow as tall as trees.

31. Monocots

32. Monocots

33. Seed of Monocot Seed of Dicot

34. Dicots
 Dicots are plants having two seed leaves. “Di”
means two. A dicot seed has two cotyledons.
 The flowers of dicots are found in multiples of
four or five.
 The bundles of the vascular tissue inside a
dicot stem are arranged in a ring.
 Leaves of dicots have branching pattern of
veins.
 Common dicots include avocado, mongo,
tomatoes, peas, squash, lettuce and broccolli.

35. Dicots

37. Double Fertilization
in Angiosperms