1. TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
PRESENTED BY,
REENU SEBASTIAN
MACFAST

2. CONTENTS
Introduction
Three ego
states
Types of
transaction
Life
position
Strokes

3. INTRODUCTION
 A transaction is an exchange of communication (verbal or non verbal)
between two people or within oneself.

4.  When two or more persons interact with each other, there results a
social transaction.
 Transactional analysis or TA was formulated by Dr. Eric Berne a
canadian born psychiatrist.
 TA is a powerful tool to understand ourselfs better.

5. EGO STATES
 Berne believed that there were three states of mind in all humans, no
matter how old they were, called ego states.
 Transactional analysis uses Freudian psychoanalytic theory as the
background for Identifying three important ego states:
 Parent ego
 Adult Ego
P
 Child ego
A
C

6. Parent ego state
 A person reacting from this ego state will either be too
judgemental, critical or patronizing in most situations.
 This represents the part of person’s personality which is
authoritative, over protective, controlling, nurturing.
Adult ego state
 The adult ego state is about to direct responses to the here and now.
 Mature, rational and objective part of one’s personality.
Child ego state
 Represents childish, dependent, and immature part of one’s personality.

7. TYPES OF TRANSACTION
 Complementary transaction
A complementary transaction occurs when the sender of the message
gets the intended response from the receiver.
For example,
an employee makes a mistake and, wanting some sympathy, apologizes to
the boss. Employee - `I just dropped the thing when I was almost done. Now I have to
do it all over again.‘ Supervisor ­ `It happens to all of us; don't worry about it.' This
complementary transaction is illustrated below

8.  Crossed transaction
Crossed transaction occur when the sender of message gets response from
different ego state than expected from receiver.

9. LIFE POSITION
 Life Positions are basic beliefs about self and others, which are used to
justify other decisions about ourselves and others and to justify our
behaviour.
 There are four life positions:
 I’m ok, you are ok
 I’m ok, you are not ok
 I’m not ok, you are ok
 I’m not ok, you are not ok

10. Strokes
 In Transactional Analysis compliments and general ways of giving
recognition is called strokes.
 Stroking refers to recognition of one’s presence by others.
 Strokes may be positive or negative:
 Positive
Words of recognition, praise, patting on the back a pleasant smile etc
 Negative
Criticism, scolding etc

11. THANKYOU