Training on Computer Hardware, Software and its maintenance

1. Components of Computer

2. Classification of computers Types of Computers Based on Generation Based on Size Based on Purpose

3. Computer Generations First Second Third Fourth Fifth Used vacuum tubes, were large, slow and produced a lot of heat, used machine key and punched cards for storage Used transistors, were smaller, faster and produced less heat, used high level language like Fortran and needed Magnetic tapes for storage Used integrated circuits, were smaller, more reliable, faster and cheaper, used high level languages like BASIC, Operating System introduced Computers of today, uses large scale integration circuits, GUI Uses Artificial Intelligence, accepts instructions or commands through voice and interprets the signal

4. Computer: Based on Size Mainframe Mini Micro Super Very big and expensive and are used in offices to store large amount of data and to do complex processing Mostly used as a server in a Network, developed to reduce the cost and size Small PCs, laptops, palmtops, uses silicon microprocessor Large computer, cluster of computers to perform complex, scientific calculations Activity Name some leading vendors who manufacture computers

5. Computer: Based on Purpose Analog Digital Hybrid These are used to work with changing physical quantities. Accepts data as input and records but does not perform any complex calculations on it Mostly used as a server in a Network, developed to reduce the cost and size Small PCs, laptops, palmtops, uses silicon microprocessor Pl tell where these are used? Thermometers, Speedometers, Wrist Watches etc Business applications, Military, Scientific areas etc Pl tell where these are used? Pl tell where these are used? Like ECG machine in a hospital

6. Computer: Based on Purpose EAI Analog Computer (1964)

7. Computer: Based on Purpose

12. Understanding the Computer System User (HCI) Hardware Software / Instructions / Program Data / Information

13. Understanding the Computer System The main functions of a computer system are: Input data by user Data capture by the input devices Data processing by software and processor Output information by Output Devices Storage of data on Storage Devices for later use

19. Computer Software Application Software Development Software System Software

22. Development Software Low Level Languages High Level Languages Machine Language Assembly Language LOGO BASIC C++ JAVA…

26. Translating programs Assembler Interpreter Compiler Helps to translate assembly language into machine language Helps to translate high level language into machine language, one line code at a time Helps to translate high level language into machine language, displays all the errors at one time

41. STEP FIVE - Open the computer case, using a screwdriver if required. If it is unclear how to open it, carefully inspect the rear of the case for screws that may need to be removed. Or, as is the case of some recent Dell computers there are large buttons on the top and bottom of the case that must be depressed before the side of the case swings open (see right). Typically, the left or right side of the case will come off, it will swing open like a hinge, or the main case will lift off its base in a single piece. Consult your owners manual.

42. STEP SIX – Open the CD ROM drive tray and carefully blow air in, and around the tray to remove dust. Press a paper clip into the tiny hole beneath the CD tray to open it.

43. STEP SEVEN – Put on an antistatic wrist strap and attach it to an electrical ground, like a metal plumbing fixture or the metal frame of equipment you are servicing (see photo). This will ensure you do not damage sensitive electronics due to static discharge from your body. Alternatively, use an anti-static mat.

44. STEP EIGHT – Clean the computer inside as well as around fan air intakes and exhaust (see photo) by holding canned air or compressed air at a distance of at least two inches away and blowing away the dust. Clean fan blades, motherboard and other areas. If using canned air, use short puffs. Attack clumps of dirt from different angles to loosen. Take care not to touch anything inside of the case.

45. This is what the inside of a clean Dell computer looks like:

48. THANK YOU