1. POLYMER by RAVI GOYANI. M.S(pharma) pharmaceutics, NIPER. Raebareli(U.P) 2. Contents of the presentation: Introduction, Classification, Properties of polymer,Characteristics of ideal polymer,Advantages of polymer,Applications of polymer. 3. Introduction of general terminology about the polymer like homopolymer, copolymer and monomer. 4. Figure representation of different monomer which combine to form polymer. 5. Introduction about the copolymer and how its form by one or more monomer. 6. Classification of the polymer on the bases of source, degradability, structure, properties, nature of the polymer and polymerization process. 7.8.9.10.11.12 Example of the polymer according to the class of that polymer. 13. Characteristics of ideal polymer like Should be inert and compatible with environments, Should be nontoxic, Should be easily administered, Should have good mechanical strength, Should be biodegradable, Should have biocompatible. 14. Properties of polymer. 15. Advantages of polymer in to the different area of pharmaceutics. 16. Application of the polymer like as binding agents, coating agents, thickening agents, disintegrants, and also in the formulation of hard and soft gelatin capsules. 17.18. Tables for the examples of different polymer and its specific application. 19. Application of the polymer in to the various drug delivery system in which extended, pulsatiles, controlled release drug delivery systems. 20.21 Other application of polymers in different formulation such as nanocrystals, gels, micro- spheres and also useful for the cancer study or complexation study. 22. List of references.

1. POLYMERS
By
Ravi Goyani
M.S(Pharm.)Pharmaceutic
s
I.D No.307/14
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2. Contents
1. Introduction
2. Classification
3. Properties of polymer
4. Characteristics of ideal polymer
5. Advantages of polymer
6. Applications of polymer
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3. Introduction
 A word polymer is a combination of two Greek
word “POLY” means many and “MEROS”
meaning “parts or units”.
 A polymer is large molecule of which is formed by
repeated linking of the small molecules called
“MONOMER”.
 “HOMOPOLYMER” is consist of chain with
identical bonding linkage to each monomer
units.
Eg:-polyethylene, polystyrene
 “COPOLYMER” is polymer of two or more
different monomer.
Eg:-synthetic rubber
 “POLMERIZATION” is the process of linking the
repeating unit (monomer).
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4. Introduction(cont.)
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5. copolymer
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6. Classification
Based on
sources
Based on
properties
Nature of
polymer
Based on
polymerization
Based on
degradability
Based on
structure
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7. Based on sources
Natural
Synthetic
Semi
synthetic
Protein, Cellulose,
Starch,Resin,Rubber,Chitosan
Alginate,Gelatin,Albumin,Collagen,Dextra
n, Cyclodextrin,Polyethylene glycol(PEG)
Methyl cellulose, Ethyl cellulose,
Hydroxy propyl cellulose, Sodium
carboxy methyl cellulose, Hydroxy ethyl
cellulose,Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose
Polyethylene, Polypropylene,Polyglycolic
acid, Polylactic acid,Polyhydroxy
butyrate,Polyanhydride,Polyacrylamide
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8. Based on polymerization
Addition
polymerization
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polyvinyl chloride
Teflon
Polyethene
Condensation
polymerization
Polyester
Polyurathane
Polyamide
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9. Based on degradability
• Polylactic acid,
• Polyglycolic acid,
• Polycaprolactone,
• Polyanhydride
Biodegradable
• Polydimethyl siloxane
• Polyether urathane
• Ethyl cellulose
Non
biodegradable
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10. Based on nature
Water
soluble
Cellulose derivative
Sodium alginate
Xanthan gum
Carrageenan
Chitosan
Water
insoluble
Polydimethyl siloxane
Ethyl cellulose
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11. Based on properties
Thermoplastics
Thermoset
Elastomer
Polyacrylonitrile,
Polypropylene
Bakelite
Natural rubber
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12. Based on structure
Linear
Chain
Cross linked
Polyethene,PVC,Nylon,
Polyester
Polypropylene
Amylopectin
Glycogen
Bakelite, Vulcanized rubber
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13. Characteristics of ideal
polymer
 Should be inert and compatible with
environments
 Should be non toxic
 Should be easily administered
 Should have good mechanical
strength
Should be biodegradable
Should have biocompatible
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14. Properties of polymer
Low density
Good corrosion resistance
Poor temperature resistance
Poor tensile strength
Low mechanical strength
Economical
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15. Advantage of polymer
localised delivery of drug
Sustain delivery of drug
Stabilisation of drug
Decrease in dosing frequency
Reduce side effect
Improve patient compliance
Controllable degradation rate
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16. Application
 As a coating material
Eg. HPMC
Methyl cellulose
Polyethylene glycol
 As binder in tablet granulation
Eg. Acacia, gelatin, sodium alginate
starch paste.
 As disintegrate
Eg. Starch, HPMC
 As thickening agents
eg. Methyl cellulose
 In soft and hard gelatin capsule is used.
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17. Elene
POLYMERS APPLICATION
Polyethylene oxide Cosmetics,pharmaceuticals
Polyethylene glycol flocculents,swelling agent
Polyvinyl pyrolidone Tablet granulation
Polyvinyl alcohol Tablet binder and coating
Polyacrylamide Gel electrophoresis to separate protein
based on M.W.
Ethyl cellulose For sustain release system
Carboxymethylcellulose Superdisintegrants, emulsion stabilizer
Hydroxyethyl and hydroxy propyl cellulose,
HPMC
Tablet coating,
Binder for tablet matrix
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18. Starch
Sodium starch glycolate
Binder,glidant
superdisintegarants
Cellulose acetate pthalate Enteric coating materials
Alginic acid
Carageenan
chitosan
Thickening and suspending agent
Modified release
Controlled drug delivery
Hyaluronic acid
Pectonic acid
Cosmetics
Drug delivery
(lactide-co-glycolide polymer) Micro and nano particle for protein delivery
Polychloroprene Septum for injection,valve,plungers for
syringe
Polycyanoacrylate Drug carrier in nano and micro particle
Polystyrene
Polyethylene
PVC
polypropylene
Petridishes
Packaging and containers
Tubing
Tight packaging and containers
Ethylene vinyl acetate
Polyethylene terphthalate
Transdermal patch backing
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19. Application in drug delivery
system
In modified release drug delivery system
 controlled release formulation
Eg.hydrophilic polymer(PVP, sodium
CMC,Polymethacrylate with pH independent solubility
(Eudragit RS and RL 100).
 Erodible material
Hydrophobic material include ethyl cellulose also
control the rate of release.
 Extended release formulation
 extended release alprazolam tablet,in which
sustained or extended delivery provided by swelling
and erosion of the polymer.
 Pulsatile release formulation
Eg. Ethyl cellulose
 Sustained release formulation(HPMC, ethylcellulose,
xanthan gum)
 Delayed release formulation(enteric coating material
cellulose acetate pthalate).1/04/2015 19

20. Other application
Gel and hydrogel
Hydrophilic polymer are used widely in to
the gel and hydrogel formulation.
Eg. Polyethylene glycol(PEG),
PEG dimethacrylate and
monomethacrylate
Nano and micro particles
Eg.PEG and PEG coated nano particles
poloxamer and poloxamine coated
nano particles
Nano and micro capsules
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21. Nano and micro sphere
Eg. Polyester based PLA,PGA,PLGA,or
PCL are widely used because of their
biocompatibility and biodegradability.
 gellan gum-PVA hydrogel microsphere
used for the controlled delivery of
carvedilol.
 Chitosan-calcium alginate microsphere for
the colon delivery of celecoxib.
 In cancer therapy
Eg. A potent anticancer agent cisplatin by
using biodegradable polymer such as
PLGA.
 In complexation study
Eg. Cyclodextrin and its derivative.1/04/2015 21

22. References
1. Vishakha K et al,Natural polymer- a
comprehensive review. International journal
of research in pharmaceutical and biomedical
sciences.Dec-2012;3(4):1597-1599.
2. Velar G et al.Polymers in drug delivery
system.Current drug delivery,2012;9(4):5-13.
3. Joshi et al. Role of biodegradable polymer in
drug delivery. International journal of current
pharmaceutical research.2012;4(4):75-76.
4. Chandel P, kumari R. Polymer-a boon to a
controlled delivery system. International
research journal of pharmacy.2013;4(4):28.
5. Jana S,gandhi A. Natural polymer and its
application in drug delivery and biomedical
field.Journal of pharmasci tech,2011;1(1):16-
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