2. What is Web Accessibility?
Web accessibility means that people with
disabilities can use the Web. More
specifically, Web accessibility means that people
with disabilities can
perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with
the Web, and that they can contribute to the Web.
3. Who?
Visual Motor
People with
Disabilities
On the Web
Cognitive
Hearing
4. Visual
Text size and images
Settings for fonts, contrast and colors
Using a screen reader
8. Why?
Equal opportunity for people with disabilities
Older users/mobile devices in public places
Customer base
Laws & Regulations
Good will.
9. Principles of Web Accessibility
Perceivable Operable
Understandable Robust
POUR!
10. Manual Testing
Validate HTML
Large fonts
Style sheets/High Contrast Modes
Alt text for images
Audio/Video presentations
Table headers
Forms
Links
Keyboard access
Headings, skip navigation
Frames
11. Testing tools (among many others)
W3C markup validation service
Web Accessibility Toolbar for IE
Firefox Accessibility Extension
WAVE toolbar for Firefox
Screen Readers – Jaws, NVDA, VoiceOver
Inspect32
12. Accessible Coding
Alt text for images:
<img src=“..” alt=“More details” />
Meaningful roles:
<div role=“menu”…>,
<div aria-expanded=“false”
role=“button”
aria-controls=“messageList”>
Using tab-index (to set focus)– usually unnecessary.
Real headings:
<div style=“font-weight:bold”>Heading1</div>
<h3>Heading1</h3>
Real lists:
<div>Item1</div><div>Item2</div><div>Item3</div>
<ul><li>Item1</li><li>Item2</li><li>Item3</li></ul>
13. “The power of the Web is in its universality. Access by
everyone regardless of disability is an essential aspect.”
-- Tim Berners-Lee, W3C Director and inventor of the
World Wide Web
Hinweis der Redaktion
Web accessibility means that people with disabilities can use the Web. More specifically, Web accessibility means that people with disabilities can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with the Web, and that they can contribute to the Web.
Visual – color blindness, low vision, blindness, Cognitive – ADHD, learning disability, memory impairment, seizures Motor – Arthritis, tremors, paralysis
Some people with low vision will change the settings in their operating system and/or browser to not only enlarge the text, but to increase the contrast of the text in relation to the background. People may set their own font and background colors. Color-blind people will be unable to understand content denoted by color alone. Users that are blind use a screen reader and a keyboard to interact with content on the screen.
Transcripts allow anyone that cannot access content from web audio or video to read a text transcript instead. Transcripts do not have to be verbatim accounts of the spoken word in a video. Captions are synchronized text versions of the spoken word. Subtitles may be used by those who can hear, but not necessarily understand the language.
For complex page layouts, which are hard to comprehend for people with cognitive disabilities, add structure to the documents using headings and lists, provide search options and options to suppress distractions like moving content on the screen. Provide alternate ways of navigation and supplemental content to allow user to reestablish context.
People with motor disabilities may not be able to use a mouse, may take longer for actions to be completed online. Inconsistent navigation, tabbing order, layout form barriers to people with motor disabilities.
From WCAG 2.0 Guidelines: http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG/#guidelines
Other great tools: http://www.glendathegood.com/blog/?p=730