2. Biotechnology term was coined by “Karl Ereky” in 1919
“Any technological application that uses biological
systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to
make or modify products or processes for specific use”
(United Nation Convention on Biological
Diversity)
3. Applications:
It has applications in four major Industrial areas
Health Care (Medicine)
Crop Production
Food/Dairy production and
Other Products
4. NISIN (group N streptococcus Inhibitory Substance IN)
Bacteriocin Nisin discovered in England by Rogers and
Whittier in 1928
It is an antimicrobial peptide produced by Lactococcus
lactis subsp. lactis
Effective bactericidal agent against Gram Positive
bacteria (Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Listeria &
Mycobacterium)
5.
6. Structurally, it is a 34 a.a polypeptide with a mass of
3500 Da
Unusual a.a lanthionine & mehtyllanthionine
Acid Tolerance
Thermo stability at low pH
Specific bactericidal mode of action
Nisin exits two variant (A and Z) differ by a single
a.a, Aspargine in Z & histidine in A at position 27
7. Nisin production affected by several cultural
factors
Producer of strain
Nutrient composition of media
pH
Temperatrue
Agitation
Aeration
8. A dramatic decrease in nisin level after reaching a peak
value
Solubility, stability & biological activity of nisin
dependent on pH of solution
At pH6.0 for high adsorption onto cell & pH 2.0 for
maximum release from cells
In fermentation process, at pH6.0 more than 80% nisin
released into medium, pH6.0 it is associated with
cellular membrane
9. It is an effective bactericidal agent against Grampositive bacteria & but not Gram-negative bacteria,
fungi & virus
Nisin forms pores that disrupt proton motive force
& causing leakage of ions & hydrolysis of ATP
results in cell death
It also interferes with cell synthesis to bind Lipid II
10.
11. It is manufactured via fermentation of fluid milk or
whey by strains of Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis
Resulting broth is subsequently concentrated &
separated, spray dried & milled to yield small
particles
Optimal nisin production usually requires complex
media & well controlled parameters
Commercial media is mostly recommended
12. Recommended media contains surplus of proteins
(Tryptone, Peptone, Meat extract, Yeast extract)
Search for cheaper formulation are attractive for
Nisin production such as: Whey, Sugar molasses &
mussel-processing wastes
(Deegam, et al., 2006)
13. It has been purified by using Bed ion exchange,
Immuno-affinity chromatography & RP-HPLC
(Li, et al., 2002)
Alternatively using organic solvents such as
Ethanol Methanol, Ammonium sulfate ppts & ppt
with acid solution pH2.0
(Yang, et al., 1992)
14. Now-a-days consumers prefers foods of high
quality, without chemical preservatives, safe &
long shelf life
(Kheadr, et al.,
Several bacteriocins from LAB, used as food 2007)
preservatives is still very limited
Pediocin is a anti-listerial activity & but they are
not currently approved as antimicrobial food
additives
(Devlieghere, et al., 2004)
But only NISIN is approved for food applications
15. Bacteriocin (Nisin) was first marketed in England
in 1953
It has been approved by FAO/WHO in 1969
Nisin as a food additive for processed cheese at
conc.12.5mg/kg of product
It also used in preservation of Dairy products,
Canned foods
(Ross, et al., 2002)
16. Nisin is relatively amphipatic because of inclusion of
hydrophobic residues
(Taylor, et al., 2007)
Its can’t be used as a Meat Preservation
Certain food additives (Sodium metabisulphite &
Titanium dioxide) have been shown to be antagonist to
nisin
(Delves.B, et al., 1996)
Liposome encapsulation of nisin & microparticles of
Calcium alginate
(Won, et al., 1997)
17. Liposome encapsulated Nisin were used in
(Colas et
Nutraceuticals, Cosmetics & Pharmaceuticals al., 2007)
Potential use of Therapeutic purposes in treatment of
Atopic Dermatitis, Stomach ulcers & Colon infections
(Dubois et al., 2003
It also control respiratory tract infections
Future development of a potent Vaginal Contraceptive
for humans
(Aranha et al., 2004)
Hinweis der Redaktion
Synthesis ofnsin at log pase, nisinZ is higher solubility &diffusion characteristics
Synthesis ofnsin at log pase, nisinZ is higher solubility &diffusion characteristics
Synthesis ofnsin at log pase, nisinZ is higher solubility &diffusion characteristics
Synthesis ofnsin at log pase, nisinZ is higher solubility &diffusion characteristics
Synthesis ofnsin at log pase, nisinZ is higher solubility &diffusion characteristics2.5% pure form of nisin cost is us dollar 770 get 25g
Synthesis ofnsin at log pase, nisinZ is higher solubility &diffusion characteristics
Synthesis ofnsin at log pase, nisinZ is higher solubility &diffusion characteristics
Synthesis ofnsin at log pase, nisinZ is higher solubility &diffusion characteristics
Synthesis ofnsin at log pase, nisinZ is higher solubility &diffusion characteristics
Synthesis ofnsin at log pase, nisinZ is higher solubility &diffusion characteristics