1. THE FUTURE OF NETWORK
PRESENTED BY:
RAJNISH KUMAWAT
E.C.E

2. • INTRODUCTION
• WHAT IS 4G?
• EVOLUTION OF 4G
• EVOLUTION OF PROCESSORS AND DSP TECHNOLOGY
FOR 4G
• PRINCIPLE TECHNOLOGIES
• WHICH COUNTRIES HAVE 4G?
• INFRASTRUCTURE FOR 4G
• 4G EVOLUTION INTO CONVERGENCE
• WiMax
• WIRELINE BANDWIDTH DEMAND PROJECTION FOR NEXT
25 YEARS
• 4G IN INDIA?

3. • 4G, the successor of 3G, will soon
become the standard for cellular wireless
• The technology is currently available in
some countries but it is still being
perfected
• The aim is to achieve “ultra broadband
speed” – to be counted in gigabytes per
second

4. • ITU designed 4G in 2002 with the official
name “3G Long-Term Evolutions” or 3.9G
• 4G will allow users to download a full-
length feature film within five minutes
• 4G will also be able to stream high-
definition television and radio to hand-held
devices
• The basic difference between 3G and 4G
is in data transfer and signal quality

5. • The highest download and upload speed in 3G
are 14 Mbps and 5.8 Mbps respectively.
• In 4G the download speed is up to 100 Mbps
for moving users and 1 Gbps for stationary
users.
• 4G is adoption of packet switching instead of
circuit switching in voice and video calls.
• With packet switching, resources are only
used when there is information to be sent
across the globe.
• 4G uses spiral multiplexing.

7. 4G TECHNOLOGY

8. OFDM: To exploit the frequency selective
channel property.
MIMO: To attain ultra high spectral efficiency.
Principal TechnologiesPrincipal Technologies

9. Single channel utilizes multiple sub-carriers on
adjacent frequencies.
Sub-carriers in an OFDM system are precisely
orthogonal to one another, thus they are able to
overlap without interfering.
It allows transfer of more data than other
forms of multiplexing (time, frequency, code,
etc).
OFDMOFDM

10. OFDM

11. MIMO
MIMOMIMO

12. • Except for the Scandinavian countries, a
few countries have started the 4G
commercially.
• In the US, Sprint Nextel initiated the
service last year.
• Countries expected to launch 4G by this
year are Germany, Spain, China, Japan
and England.

13. • There are three primary technologies that
support 4G – WiMax, LTE, and UMB
• The main doubt is whether to implement
WiMax or LTE
• The advantages of LTE are:
(i) Faster speed with 100 Mbps for
download and 50 Mbps for upload.
(ii) It makes CDMA and GSM database
moot.
(iii) It offers both FDD and TDD duplexing

15. • WiMax technology might not achieve the
required rate in a high-density area.
• However, WiMax technology becomes
useful when it is bundled with IPTV.
• The wireless bandwidth will be roughly
3Mbps/1.5Mbps; but this is nowhere near
the +100Mbps/50Mbps that LTE
promises.

17. • India has already begun the process of
introducing 4G.
• India is among the latecomers in 3G.
• It is felt that by the time the implement 3G
fully, 4G technologies such as LTE will be
available commercially.
• It has taken three years for the
government to decide on 3G-spectrum
auction policy.
• 4G could face the same delay unless
India wants to catch up with the rest of the
world.