11. R. Villano “Pharmacopoeias from the Ducky of Naples to Kingdom of the Two Sicilies” - Work in the Study Group Pharmacopoeias - International Society for the History of Pharmacy ISHP (Berna, Switzerland) directed by Prof. Dr. François Ledermann (President Em. ISHP) and supported by: Italian Academy for the History of Pharmacy (Piacenza, Italia); Institut for the History of Pharmacy at the University of Berna (Berna, Switzerland); International Society for the History of Pharmacy ISHP (Vienna, Austria) - Chiron, CDD 615 VIL pha 2013, LCC DG 831, p. 34, April 2013;

1. Raimondo Villano
LCC DG831
Activities and apothecaries pharmaceutical
Companies in the Kingdom of Naples:
historic pharmacies
“Wi have a responsabily
to keep alive the past
from which we come from: is both
our father and our son”
Carlos Fuentes

2. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples2
The pharmacies are countless historical, both public and
private meritebbero extensive treatments separately, here we
simply outline the two flagship reality.
Pharmacy Hospital of the Incurable (Naples - Via M. Longo,
50).The foundation of the Hospital for Incurable Diseases
happens (the initiative of the Catalan lady Maria Longo, wife
of the President of the Royal Chancellery in the service of
Ferdinand the Catholic) in 1519 with the acquisition of the
Bull of Pope Leo X. An Apothecary will present in 1549,
from 1744 to 1750 the pharmacy was built by the superb
baroque elegance Neapolitan 700. Beside the main entrance
you can admire a majestic double staircase while within the
architectural features characteristic portico 5; the Castile are
fine walnut.

3. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples 3
More than 400 vessels with polychrome majolica from
significant historical value and have always had a function
solely ornamental, bearing biblical scenes (the largest) or
allegories at work, the seasons, virtues.
These vessels are mainly exposed in the hall. In recent times
(99, 100) and the Directorate General of ASL Na 1 that the
Faculty of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples for the
Presidency of the Italian Academy of the History of
Pharmacy officially expressed, each for its own skills and
professionalism, orientation to reuse functional enhancement
of the structure of the pharmacy (including through
restoration) and a readiness to systematic cataloging of the
works it contains.

4. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples4
Pharmacy of the Certosa di San Martino (101) (Naples -
Vomero, Certosa di San Martino). Reopened in 2005 after
more than a century, the first citations are from the News of
Canon Charles Celano (1617-1693) of 1692. Founded in
place known as the Bell in 1325 by Charles of Calabria,
eldest son of Robert of Anjou, aims to accommodate the
followers of San Bruno and was in the service of the sick but
also open to the outside of the monastery.
The Carthusian monks had for a long time, along with the
monks of Monte Oliveto, Naples leadership in the
manufacture of medicines throughout the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries to profit.
The Apothecary's monastery was originally made up of a
public workshop from behind, a large Giardinetto conclusus
(over 2300 m2) and one outside the Apothecary Museum

5. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples 5
housed in a compartment adjacent wing of the cloister rebuilt
between 1611 and 1617.
The first room has high and wide once beautifully painted by
the late seventeenth century with the work at San Bruno
Virgin interceding for the suffering humanity created by
Paolo De Matteis, Saverio Terracciano commissioned by
Prior in 1699, similar style the famous Neapolitan painter
Luca Giordano in detail and with formal colors already
refined taste rockery.

6. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples6
philology and history of science, which it sees the
continuation, renewal, the characterization of a culture that
has withstood the destructive impact of the barbarian
invasions, keeping a common thread between the Latin and
classical civilization and medieval view, it provides a starting
point for future developments in medical science.

7. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples 7
The fresco, rich ornaments, depicting San Bruno sits on her
knees in front of the World and Virgin, supported by a
young, presents a patient from a large number of allegorical
figures and pairs of naked cherubs in a radiant features
pleasing colors lapped by soft iridescent hues that stand
between delicate appearance and drapes floating cherubs
dancing.
In the second room can be seen: a medicated by more monks
including a D. Placido, three mortars of Italian manufacture,
a practical medical work compendious sketch of the
eighteenth century, fifty vessels (of varying heights from 30
to 65 cm) are classified into eleven series that include two-
handled amphora factory Naples in the second half of the
seventeenth century, two-handled jars of Lorenzo Salandra
from the first half of the eighteenth century, Joseph Canon

8. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples8
jars dating from the late seventeenth and early eighteenth
century, two-handled jars of Brother Pio (late seventeenth
century), two-handled amphora with lid factory Castles
( about 1630), two-handled amphora factory Brandi Paul
Francis (late seventeenth-early eighteenth century), jars of
Francesco Saverio Grue Albino (1686 to 1746).
Interesting, then, is the seventeenth-century library, located
in the Prior Quarter, consisting of about two thousand
volumes.
_______________
(99) Villano Raimondo, The scent of time - Work of art and history of pharmacy,
multimedia CD-ROM 2nd Edition, 1st reprint.
(100) Giordano Maria Rosaria, key historical developments and prospects of Pharmacy,
University Federico II of Naples, Faculty of Pharmacy, completed thesis in
Pharmacognosy, AA 2003-04.
(101) Villano Raimondo, Acts and Memories AISF No 2, April 2006.

9. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples 9
APPENDIX
Historical eras
• United Odoacer, up to 493 (Heruli and others)
• United Ostrogoths, up to about 542 (Ostrogoths)
• Set the Byzantine Empire, until 763 (Byzantine)
• Duchy of Naples, until 1137
• Duchy of Naples, until 1195 (Norman)
• Kingdom of Sicily, until 1266 (Swabian)
• Kingdom of Naples until 1442 (Anjou, family Durres)
• Kingdom of Naples until 1646 (Aragon, Spain)
• Neapolitan Republic, until 1647
• Kingdom of Naples until 1713 (Spanish)
• Kingdom of Naples until 1734 (Austria)
• Kingdom of Naples until 1799
• Neapolitan Republic, 1799
• Kingdom of Naples until 1806
• Kingdom of Naples until 1815 (French)
• Kingdom of the Two Sicilies until 1860

10. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples10
SYNTHETIC PROFILE OF THE AUTHOR
“Do not try to become a successful man,
but rather a valuable man”
Albert Einstein
Born in 1960. Lives between Rome and Torre Annunziata. His wife is a biologist, pharmacist,
social assistant and talented professor of sciences in the Classical and Scientific State High
schools; the son is a brilliant university mathematician. Role: General Manager of Villano
International Business Team from 2012 with 16 business, consulting & service activities
(including: international affairs, high-end real estate, housing, construction and restoration,
import-export, food, computer science, healthcare, art and culture); Member (since 2013), Associate
Professor in History of Health Administration Pharmaceutical Department (2014) and Honorary Member of
Ruggero II University of Florida State (BR, Miami, Florida, USA, 2015); Trader (since 1976), Independent
Financial Trading Operator of Stocks and Forex (since 1983), Knight Sovereign Military Order of Malta
(since 2002, presented by the Knight of Justice Fr. Giorgio Maria Castriota Scanderbeg, descendant of Eroe
founder of the Kingdom of Albania); President of the Chiron social and humanitarian Foundation (since
1985); Single Director Chiron Publisher (since 2006). Academies: History of Sanitary Art -Ministry Cultural
Heritage (2001), Neapolitan Society History of Italy (2008), Noble (2006), already Pontifical Tiberina),
Melitensi Studies (2002), Medical Tradition Smithsonian Institution-USA (2010), International Society
History Pharmacy, Noble Pharmaceutical Chemistry College (ad honorem, 2006). Over 100 conferences and
chairs in dozens of congresses. He collaborates with important national and international magazines. He is
Advisory Board Member for the US publisher DPC, which publishes in over 150 countries. Studies:
Classical; Degree and Enabling: Pharmacy (1985); Certified courses of: Medicinal Plants; Cosmetic
Techniques; Work safety; Food safety; History; Social Doctrine Church; Theology. Honorary degrees:
Humanities and Social Sciences (2009); History and Philosophy (2010); Communication Sciences (2013);
Diplomacy and International Studies (2015). Master honoris causa: Science Medical Ethics (2010). He was
author, organizer and chairman of Security Course for Managers, obtaining High Patronats of Head of State
and United Nations (2000), Diplomatic Councilor of Aerec dpt ENVA 2011-15, Secretary of International
Committee Biothecnologies Wabt-Unesco 2008-13, member of World Academy Biomedical Technology
(Unesco 2007-12), 11 years in IBD’s Health Security Scientific Committee (Security Court Company of
Judiciary Court Appeal of Naples), Beaumont Onlus Foundation Cancer Research chaired by Nobel Prize
Tarro and Prefect of Naples (2011-12), European Academic for Economic and Cultural Relations 2004-2015.
For 32 years he is a member and holder of an important pharmacy until 2010. He has been a member since
1990, a 29 years Secretary from 1990 to 1995 (among the youngest in Italy) and President 2000-01 of Rotary
Club Pompei-Vesuvius, 14 years Delegate Of District Governors 2100-Italy (more than 3.000 Rotarians and
around 80 Clubs) and at ICR For Rotary Italia; in National Committee of Italy: Professional Ethics, World
Action, Computer Science; among many international roles: archeology Pompeii-Carthage; Magna Grecia
Prize Committee; author and presenter at the World Rotary Legislative Council on the International Day for
the Protection of Life (2001-04). From 1986 to 1990 President of Naples, National Coordinator and Founder
of Young Pharmacists Federation; National Representative Federative Syndicate. Assistant Professor of
Microbiology in Pharmacy Faculty of Naples University (1985-90, Chair Prof. Lembo-National Istitut
Superior of Health). International Group Member of the ISHP Pharmacopoeia Study (Berne University,
2012-13). As part of the “World no-tobacco day” events, he has participated in various initiatives at the
Ministry of Health. Proponents and godfathers of various Honorary Members, including: Archibishop of
Pompeii Francesco Saverio Toppi, since 2013 Servant of God in the Cause of Beatification and Canonization
(Rotary, 1992); Dino De Laurentiis (proposed in 2000), Hollywood Film Producer and Career Oscar Award
(Rotary, 2001); Antonio Greco, Court of Justice President (Rotary, 2000); Giulio Tarro, virologist and
Candidate for the Nobel Prize of Medicine 2000 and 2015 (Asas, 2011); Gianni Rivera, Vice Soccer World
Champion (Aerec, 2012); Patrizio Polisca, who was already assisting the doctors of Paul VI and John Paul II
and the Pope’s Doctor with Benedict XVI and Francis and Vatican Health Director; Gualtiero Ricciardi,
President of the Institute of Higher Health. International Awards: Honorary Diploma for Unique
Exceptional Services in the 5 Actives of Rotary International President (Evanston 2001: only 100 / year / 1.5

11. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples 11
million members); Benevolence Anti-Crime-Task Force Rotary Italy, Albania, Former Yugoslavia, S. Marino
(Zurich 2001); Sapientia Mundi-Ethics (Rm 2008); Gold Legion-Work Union (Rm 2010); Veritas in
Charitate-Religion (2011); Bonifaciano-Culture and Society (2011); Norman Ac.-Publishing Gold Medal
(Rm 2014); Norman Ac.-Health Galen (Rm 2014); Norman Ac.-Health Galen 2 ^ ed. (Rm 2015); Norman
Ac.-Art photo Gold Medal (Rm 2015). National awards: Aesculapius-Health patronage Presidency Council
of Italian Ministers (Rm 1987); LXVIII Piccinini Asas-Mi.BAC-Historical-Scientific Research (Rm 2006);
LXV Stramezzi-Health (Rm 2007); Capitoline-Humanitarian Activity (Rm 2010); Tiberino-Culture (Rm
2012); LXXIV Serono-History and Literature (Rm 2012), Aerec-Culture (Rm 2013); Certificate of Merit for
Public Health (Rome, DPR 2013): only 269 from 1800; Tiberin-Science (Rm 2014); LXXIV Piccinini Asas-
Mi.BACT-Historical-scientific research (Rm 2014); Silver Medal for Merit Public Health (Rome, DPR
2016); Special Prize Asas-Mi.BACT-Historical studies in biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences (Rm
2016). He is the author of a large and qualified literary production of more than 790 health, professional,
scientific, historical, religious, and artistic publications, most of which are in critical review, indexed and
impact factor reviews; over 50 books (of which 14 with a total of 35 editions and 19 reprints, numerous
translations also in English, French, German and Spanish) with prestigious publishers such as Zanichelli,
with patronage from the Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Unesco, Rotary, University, etc. From nationally-
recognized Headquarter offices in over 120 Italian Libraries (including: Quirinale, National Academy of
Sciences, Ministries) and in more than 40 nations (including National Institute Health-USA, Nationale de
France, Congress UK) Culture, Universities, Museums. At the Frankfurt Fair he debuted a book. Over 80
multimedia works (in several languages and multiple editions and reprinting) often of great prestige and
published with prestigious publishers and patrons (including Bayer S.p.A.). Catalogs: Library of Congress
UK Authority (NACO); Bibliothèque nationale de France; Deutsche Nationalbibliothek; Library of National
Institutes of Health (NIH) U.S.A .; Magistrale Library S.M. Malta Order; Library of the Vatican Foundation
Joseph Ratzinger-Benedict XVI; 2000 Outstanding Intellectuals IBC-Cambridge UK since 2010; Opac Sbn
with over 200 works; BAC Ministry Authority Card. Various books have appreciations from institutional
authorities, including some European rulers and several times the Head of State and the Holy Father.
* * *
Some books: Global Information Society, 1996; Rotary for Men, 2001; Safety Management in Pharmacy (Dr.
Renzulli, formerly United Nations Security Adviser, 2004); Art and History Pharmacy (presentation by Prof.
Ledermann, President Em. International Society History Pharmacy, 2 ed., 2006); History and activities of
SMOM (4 ediz., 2007); Pharmaceutical Meridianes between secular ethics and catholic moral (presentation
by Prof. Tarro, Nobel Prize Candidate, 3 ed., 2008); Thesaurus Pharmacologicus (presentation by Italian
Pharmacists President Dr. Mandelli 2009); Time sculpted in silence eternity. Reflections on diacronical
investigation for homo faber memory (presentation by: honorable historical figures Fra’ von Lobstein;
prestigious critics and Rotary International Governor Prof. Carosella, 6 rist, 2010); Pharmaceutical Activities
of the Kingdom of Naples (presentation by President Italian Academy of Pharmacy History Dr. Corvi, 2010);
Logos and theophany in digital time (presentation by Bishop Trafny, Dpt Science-Faith Pontifical Council
Culture, 2012); Religious Aspects and ecclesial dimension SMOM (2013); Pharmacy Museums: echoing the
past for a future ransom (presentation by Prof. Ledermann, Director of Library Switzerland, 2015);
Photographs - about 200 of his works, selected for philosophical and creative themes among those realized in
over 40 years (2015). Among the multimedia: Art and history pharmacy notes (patronage Italian Academy
of Pharmacy History, 2002); Influenza A / H1N1 (patronage UNESCO, 2009).
“I've learned so much from you, Mens...
I learned that everyone wants to live on the top of the mountain,
without knowing that true happiness lies in how this mountain has been climbed”
Gabriel Garcia Marquez

12. R. Villano - Activities and Apothecaries Pharmaceutical Companies in the Kingdom of Naples12