Ppt on cultural and natural tourist centers in kerala

INTRODUCTION
THE CONCEPT OF TOURISM
Tourism means short term movement of
people to destination outside the place where they
normally live and work, and their activities during
their stay at these destinations. It involves the study
of demand for and supply of accommodation and
supportive services for the people who are staying
away from home and the resultant pattern of
expenditure, income creation and employment

TOURISM IN KERALA
Natural beauty of Kerala is very famous
in the world. Nature has endowed Kerala with a
lavish decoration of all beautiful lagoons, golden
beaches, backwaters, blue – green mountain
ranges, wild life sanctuaries, historical monuments,
temples, churches and mosques. It is the land of
Kathakali, Kalariapayattu, Elephant show, boat
races, etc. everything full of action and zeal.
Tourism in Kerala is going through a significant
stage of growth and development. The Department
of Tourism has played a vital role in the
development tourism in the state. It is working
towards long-term goals of establishing tourism as
a major development factor in the State.

Better hotels, restaurants and
other facilities alone will not develop
tourism. Along with the Department of
Tourism’s efforts to facilitate adequate
infrastructure for the same, it is equally
important that steps be taken to create and
maintain a collective mind-set among the
people of the State with a positive
orientation towards tourism and hospitality.
Our motto should be to receive a guest
and to send back a friend. Tourism and the
hospitality industry can develop only with
the cooperation and wholehearted
patronage of a friendly and hospitable host
community.

KERALA - AT A GLANCE
 With the Arabian Sea in the west, the Western Ghats towering
500-2700 m in the east and networked by 44 rivers, Kerala
enjoys unique geographical features that have made it one of
the most sought after tourist destinations in Asia. An equable
climate. A long shoreline with serene beaches. Tranquil
stretches of emerald backwaters. Lush hill stations and exotic
wildlife. Waterfalls. Sprawling plantations and paddy fields.
Ayurvedics health holidays. Enchanting art forms. Magical
festivals. Historic and cultural monuments. An exotic cuisine...
All of which offer you a unique experience. And what's more,
each of these charming destinations is only a two hour drive
from the other - a singular advantage no other destination
offers.
 Kerala, India's most advanced society: With hundred percent
literacy. World-class health care systems. India's lowest infant
mortality and highest life expectancy rates. The highest
physical quality of life in India. Peaceful and pristine, Kerala is
India's cleanest state.

Climate of Kerala
Location
Latitude: 8*18’ and 12*48 North
Longitude: 74*52’ and 77*22 East
Area : 38863 SQ.Km
Kerala has a tropical climate, experiences heavy rains almost
throughout the year.
The temperature averages around:
27°C - 35°C daytime, 23°C - 29°C at night during summer
season, mid-
February to mid-May
21°C - 27°C daytime, 17°C - 24°C at night for the rest of the
year
At hill stations like Munnar, temperatures might go below 10°C
during Winter seasons (mid November-mid January).

DISTRICTS
 For administrative purposes the State is divided into 14 revenue
districts: Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta,
Kottayam, Idukki, Ernakulam, Thrissur, Palakkad, Malappuram,
Kozhikode, Wayanadu, Kannur and Kasaragod.
On the basis of geographical, historical and cultural similarities, the
districts are generally grouped into North Kerala (Kasaragod,
Kannur, Wayanad, Kozhikode, Malappuram) , Central Kerala
(Palakkad, Thrissur, Eranakulam, Idukki) and South Kerala
(Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta,
Kottayam).The districts have the same name as the important town
or city in the district, the exception being Wayanad district.

CULTURE
 Kerala's culture is mainly Hindu in origin, deriving from a
greater Tamil-heritage region known as Tamilakam. Later, Kerala's
culture was elaborated on through centuries of contact with overseas
cultures.Native performing arts include koodiyattom,kathakali—
from katha and kali and its offshoot Kerala Natanam, koothu (akin
to stand-up comedy),mohiniaattam thullal, padayani, and theyyam.
 Other arts are more religion- and tribal-themed. These
include chavittu nadakom, oppana , which combines dance,
rhythmic hand clapping, and ishalvocalisations. However, many of
these art forms largely play to tourists or at youth festivals, and are
not as popular among most ordinary Keralites, who look to more
contemporary art and performance styles, including those employing
mimicry and parody. Additionally, a substantial Malayalam
film industry effectively competes against both Bollywood and
Hollywood.

GEOGRAPHY
 With the Arabian Sea in the west, the Western
Ghats towering 500-2700 m in the east and
networked by forty-four rivers, Kerala enjoys
diverse geographical features.
 Kerala is divided into three geographical regions:
Highlands, which slope down from the Western
Ghats onto the Midlands of undulating hills and
valleys into an unbroken coastline with many
picturesque backwaters, interconnected with canals
and rivers. The Western Ghats are nowhere more
than 120 kms from the sea.

FESTIVALS
 The major festival in Kerala is Onam. Kerala has a
number of religious festivals. Thrissur Pooram and
Chettikulangara Bharani are the major temple festivals
in Kerala. The Thrissur Pooram is conducted at the
Vadakumnathan temple, Thrissur. The Chettikulangara
Bharani is another major attraction. The festival is
conducted at the Chettikulangara temple near
Mavelikkara.
 The Sivarathri is also an important festival in Kerala.
This festival is mainly celebrated in Aluva Temple
and Padanilam Parabrahma Temple. Padanilam Temple
is situated in Alappuzha district of Kerala, about 16
kilometres (9.9 mi) from Mavelikkara town.Parumala
Perunnal, Manarkadu Perunnal are the major festivals of
Christians. Muslims also have many important festivals.

WILDLIFE
 Most of Kerala, whose native habitat consists of wet
evergreen rainforests at lower elevations
and highland deciduous and semi-evergreen forests in the east, is
subject to a humid tropical climate. However, significant variations in
terrain and elevation have resulted in a land
whose biodiversity registers as among the world’s most significant.
Most of Kerala's significantly biodiverse tracts of wilderness lie in the
evergreen forests of its easternmost districts. Kerala also hosts two
of the world’s Ramsar Convention-listed wetlands: Lake
Sasthamkotta and the Vembanad-Kol wetlands are noted as
being wetlands of international importance.
 There are also numerous protected conservation areas, including
1455.4 km2 of the vast Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. In turn, the forests
play host to such majorfauna as Asian elephant (Elephas
maximus), Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), leopard (Panthera
pardus), Nilgiri tahr (Nilgiritragus hylocrius), and grizzled giant
squirrel (Ratufa macroura). More remote preserves, including Silent
Valley National Park in the Kundali Hills, harbour endangered
species such as the lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus),

BEACHES
 Flanked on the western coast by the Arabian Sea,
Kerala has a long coastline of 580 km (360 mi); all of
which is virtually dotted with sandy beaches.
 Boating at Paravur Lake nearKollam
 Kovalam beach near Thiruvananthapuram was among
the first beaches in Kerala to attract tourists.
Rediscovered by back-packers and tan-seekers in the
1960s and followed by hordes of hippies in the 1970s,
Kovalam is today the most visited beach in the state.
 Other popularly visited beaches in the state include
those at Kappad, Alappuzha, Nattika (Thrissur),
Vadanappilly beach (Thrissur), Cherai Beach, Beypore
beach, Marari beach, Fort Kochi, and Varkala.
The Muzhappilangad Beach beach at Kannur is the only
drive-in beach in India.

KOVALAM BEACH
 Kovalam has three beaches seperated by rocky
outcroppings in its 17km coastlines, the three
together from the famous cresent of the kovalam
beach
 LIGHTHOUSE BEACH
The southern most beach, this is the most
frequnted by tourists, There is a lighthouse situated
on a 35 meter high on top of the Kurumkal hillok.
 HAWAH BEACH
Eve’s beach, more commonly known as Hawa
Beach, ranks second, in the early day, is a beehive
of activities with fisherman setting out for sea.

 SAMUDRA BEACH
A large promontory separates this part
from the southern side. Samudra beach doesn’t
have tourists thronging there or hectic business.
The local fishermen ply their trade on this part.

KAPAD BEACH
It’s a in pleasure beach situated
Calicut district. Kappad or Kappakadavu , where
the Portuguese explorer Vasco Da Gama landed on
20th may 1498. this beach get the historical
importance because of this.
In 2007 R.s 1.5 crore program to
beautify the beach Tourism Minister(Kodiyeri
Balakrishnan). Now it is completed and Kappad
beach has beautiful corniche and park. The park
include a rest room,resturent and seating.

CHERAI BEACH
Cherai beach offers the less busier and
cleaner beach assessable to the Ernakulum City
and always attract the tourists from around and
other states as well.
Cherai Beach is just 25 Km from Kochi,
30 Km from Cochin International Airport. The
nearest towns are North Paravur and Kodungallur
and nearest Railway station is Aluva.

MUZHUPPILANGADI BEACH
Muzhuppilangad Drive-In Beach is the
situated in Kannur District. It is located parallel to
National Highway66 between Kannur and
Thalassery.
This Beach is the longest Drive-In beach
in India. Even though Goa has many beautiful
beaches, it does not have a Drive-In beach. The
beach festival celebrated in the month of April and it
is one of the most important tourist attraction in the
Kannur Kerala.

BACKWATERS
 The backwaters in Kerala are a chain of brackish lagoons
and lakes lying parallel to the Arabian Sea coast (known as
the Malabar Coast). Houseboat or Kettuvallam rides in the
backwaters are a major tourist attraction. Backwater tourism is
centered mostly around Ashtamudi Lake, Kollam. Boat races
held during festival seasons are also a major tourist attraction
in the backwater regions.
 The backwater network includes large lakes such as
the Ashtamudi Lake, the largest among them, linked by
1500 km of canals, both man-made and natural and fed by
several rivers, and extending virtually the entire length of
Kerala state. The backwaters were formed by the action of
waves and shore currents creating low barrier islands across
the mouths of the many rivers flowing down from the Western
Ghats range.

•A houseboat is a boat that has
been designed or modified to
be used primarily as a human
dwelling.
•The houseboats in Kerala,
south India, are huge, slow-
moving, exotic barges used for
leisure trips.
• They are a reworked model
of Kettuvallam. In
the Malayalam
language, Kettu means "tied
with ropes", and vallam means
"boat"

MAJOR BACKWATER REGIONS
Thiruvallam Lagoons and Akkulam- Veli
Backwaters
located in Thiruvananthapuram district.
Whereas former is a religious destination, latter is
famous for its large eco-tourist project, the Akkulam
Tourist Village

Alumkadavu Backwaters
located in Kollam district at Karunagappally,
famous for its large house-boat dry docks and
boatyards where most of the house-boats are
constructed and repaired

Kumbalangi Backwaters
which is part of Vembanadu Lake, located near
to Kochi is famous for its village tourism, where small
canoes are used to navigate a maze of mangrove
forests, which is a unique experience

Canoli canal and Kallai backwaters
located in Kozhikode district, are good for
boating while the bird sanctuary at Kadalundi is fast
becoming a favorite with bird-watchers and nature
lovers. Nearby is Korapuzha, where the Korapuzha
Jalotsavam, a water sports festival attracts large tourists

HILL STATIONS
 Eastern Kerala consists of land encroached upon
by the Western Ghats; the region thus includes high
mountains, gorges, and deep-cut valleys. The
wildest lands are covered with dense forests, while
other regions lie under tea and coffee plantations
(established mainly in the 19th and 20th centuries)
or other forms of cultivation.
 The Western Ghats rise on average to 1500 m
elevation above sea level. Some of the popular hill
stations in the region
are Munnar,Vagamon, Paithalmala, Wayanad, Nelli
yampathi, Elapeedika, Peermade ,Thekkady and P
onmudi.

CULTURAL TOURISM
Cultural Tourism is travel to
experience and, in some cases, participate in a
vanishing lifestyle that lies within human memory.
Destination activities include meals in rustic inns,
costume festival, folk performance, and arts and
crafts. Music tourism, which could be described as
part of cultural tourism is becoming more
prominent and brochures frequently list out the
musical attractions of the places they seek to
advertise.

Culture and tradition play an important role
in the promotion of tourism. Kerala State is so much
inclined to cultural and health tourism. Festivals,
Ayurveda treatment, Martial Arts, untapped rivers,
birds and beautiful beaches make Kerala a
favorable tourist destination. The inter-disciplinary
character of tourism is universally accepted and
thus approaching the problem from different angles
can develop new perspectives. For tourism to
succeed in an area, the tourists, the businesses,
the Government and the host community must have
a positive attitude towards the industry. Tourism has
its bearing on society, economy, culture, history and
development. Besides, travel is the language of
peace

EDAKKAL CAVES WAYANADU
Edakkal caves are two natural caves at a
remote location at edakkal,25 km from Wayanad
district. They lie 1200 meters above sea level on
Ambukuthy mala. Inside the caves are pictorial
writings believed to date to at 6000BC, From
Neolithic man, indicating the presence of a
prehistoric civilization or settlement in this region.
The Stone age carvings of Edakkal are rare and the
only known example from south India

PALAKAD FORT
Palakad Fort also known as Tipu’s Fort is
an old fort situated in the heart of Palakad town. It
was built by Haider Ali in 1766 and one of the best
preserved forts in Kerala. There is a large ground
between the fort and Palakkad town hall, known as
Kota Maidanam (Fort Grounds)

KOYIKKAL PALACE
The Koyikkal palace situated in
Nedumangad, Thiruvananthapuram. The palace
was built in 16th century for Umayamma Rani of the
Venad Royal family. Umayamma Rani was the
regent of Venad between 16677 and1684.
The palace is maintained by the
Archaeological Department of Kerala. There is a
folklore museum and a Numismatic Museum are
working this palace.

THALASERY FORT
The British East India company built the
fort in 1708 to establish a stronghold on the
Malabar coast.
The square fort, with its massive walls,
strong flanking bastions, secret tunnels to the sea
and intricately carved huge doors, is an imposing
structure. The fort was once the nucleus of
Thlassery’s development. It is now monument
preserved by Archaeological Survey Of India

BULGOTTY PALACE
Bolgatty Palace is a former palace built by
Dutch in India, located on the island popularly known
as Bolghatty Island in Kochi.
One of the oldest existing Dutch palaces
outside Holland, this quaint mansion, built in 1774 by
Dutch traders, was later extended and gardens were
landscaped around it.
In 1947, when India attained independence,
the palace became property of state and later
converted into a heritage hotel resort. Bolghatty
palace now has a swimming pool, 9-hole golf course,
Ayurvedics center and daily Kathakali performances
and is a holiday destination for Indian and overseas.

CHERAMAN JUMA MASJID
The Cheraman Juma Masjid is a
mosque in methala, Kodungallur Taluk, Thrissur
District. Built in 629 AD, it is the first mosque in
India. It was built by Malik Deenar, an Arab
propagator of Islam and follower and contemporary
of Islamic Prophet Muhammad.
Cheraman Juma Masjid is located in the Pravur-
Kodungalloor Road, NH-17 at, Kodungalloor Taluk,
Kerala

PARADESI SYNAGOGUGE
The Paradesi Synagogue is the oldest
active synagogue in the Commonwealth of nation,
located in Kochi. Constructed in 1567, it is one of
seven synagogue of the Malabar Yehudan or
Yehudan Mappila people or Cochin Jewish
Community in the Kingdom of Cochin.
The synagogue is open for a free to visitors
as a historic attraction . The ticket-seller, Yaheh
Hallegua, is the last female Paradesi Jew of child-
bearing age. The synagogue is closed on Fridays
Saturdays and Sundays and also on Jewish
holidays.

HILL PALACE
The palace built in 1865 was the former
residence of the Kochi Royal family and is situated
close to the city of Kochi on the Kochi- Chottanikkara
route.
The palace was taken over by the
Department Of Archaeology in 1980 and later
converted into a museum. It was opened to the public in
1986.
This elegant looking palace built in the
traditional architecture of Kerala comprises 49 units and
is on a 52-acre land noted for its terraced landscape
dotted with ponds, fountains and lawns. The palace
currently houses a full-fledged ethno-archaeological
museum and also Kerala's first ever heritage museum.

ST. FRANCIS CHURCH
At a distance of 15 kms from Kochi (Ernakulum
Town Railway Station), St.Francis Church is the first
European Church built in India. It is located on Parade Road
in Fort Kochi, less than 1 Km from Kochi Beach.
The Church was originally named as Santo
Antonio, the patron Saint of Portugal. The history of this
Church reflects the colonial struggle of European powers in
India, from the 15th to 20th Centuries. The Portuguese Vasco
da Gama was the first European to discover the sea route to
India. In 1503 Alphonso Alburquerque was given permission
by the Rajah of Cochin to build a fort. The original structure
was built in wood, which was later rebuilt in stone. Vasco Da
Gama has died in Kochi in 1524 and was originally buried in
this church cemetery. After 14 years, his remains were moved
to Lisbon in Portugal. The gravestone of Vasco Da Gama can
still be seen here. The Church became a protected monument
in April 1923.

GURUVAYOOR SRI KRISHNA TEMPLE
At a distance of 27 Kms from Thrissur & 81 km from
Kochi, Guruvayoor is well known for the most famous Sri
Krishna Temple in South India. This is one of the most popular
pilgrimage sites in Kerala & an ideal getaway from Kochi.
Lord Sri Krishna can be seen in standing posture
with four hands carrying Sankhu, Sudarshana Chakram, Lotus
and Mace. A 33 meter tall gold-plated Dwajastambham is a
special attraction
The walls of the sanctum sanctorum are adorned
with beautiful mural paintings and carvings. The temple is built
in a typical Kerala temple architecture. Vishwakarma, the divine
architect is said to have built the first temple here. On
Malayalam New Year day, the first rays of Sun fall directly at the
feet of Lord Krishna. The temple has a collection of 65
elephants, preserved at Anakotta, 3 Kms from the temple.

SABARIMALA
Sabarimala is the most famous Hindu pilgrimage
centre in Kerala and India. At a distance of 70 km from
Pathanamthitta, this temple is dedicated to Lord Ayyappa. It is
one of the most visited pilgrim centers in the world with an
estimated 45 - 50 million devotees every year.
At a distance of 158 km from Kochi and
178 km from Trivandrum, this temple is one of the oldest
temples in India, with history of more than 5000 years old. The
temple dedicated to Lord Ayyappan here is situated in the midst
of 18 hills, at an altitude of about 3000 feet
The pilgrimage season begins in the month of
November and ends in January (the temple remains closed
during rest of the year except for the first five days of each
Malayalam month).. Mandalapooja (Nov17th) and
Makaravilakku (Jan 14th) are the important events of the
temple. Makara Jyothi (a celestial star) appeared on Jan 14th is
the most crowded occasion of this temple. Sabarimala temple
has no restrictions of caste and religion.

MISHKAL MOSQUE
Mishkal Mosque (മിശ്കാൽ പള്ളി) is a
medieval mosque located in Calicut in the Indian state
of Kerala. The mosque, one of the oldest in Malabar, is an
important cultural, historical and architectural monument in
Kerala.
The mosque was built by a rich Arab merchant,
Nakhooda Mishkal, in the 14th century. It is named "Mishkal
Mosque" after him. It is located in Kuttichira, a part
of Thekkepuram region in Calicut.
In 1510, the mosque was partially burned in
a Portuguese attack. The top floors of the mosque still display
some of that damage. Mishkal Mosque originally had five
stories. It was reconstructed after the fire in 1510 and now has
four stories. Typical for similarly aged mosques in Malabar, it
has no cupolas and minarets and heavily employs timber

ST .MARY'S ORTHODOX CHURCH
At a distance of 39 Kms from Pathanamthitta &
10 kms from Thiruvalla, St. Mary's Orthodox Syrian Church
located in Niranam (popularly known as Niranam
Valiyapally) is a parish under the Niranam Diocese of the
Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church. Founded by St.
Thomas in 54 AD, this is one of the most ancient churches
in the world. It also contains the mortal remains of St.
Thomas.
The present structure was
constructed in 1912, and later strengthened in the year
2000. Huge granite Cross, relics of St. Thomas, remains of
the old church and the golden cross are the special
attractions of the church. The feast of Assumption of St.
Mary celebrated on Aug 15th and the Feast of Nativity of St.
Mary celebrated on September 8th are important festival of
the church. The Feast of St. Thomas on Dec 21st, the
Feast of St. Behanan on Dec 27th and the Feasts of
Marthoma II and Marthoma V on May10th are also
celebrated in a grand manner here.

MAJOR ART FORMS OF KERALA
KATHAKALI

SEASONS
 Bestowed with a pleasant and equable climate
throughout the year, Kerala is a tropical land with
the coast running down its entire length and the
Western Ghats forming a protective barrier against
the dry winds from up north.
 The monsoons (June-September & October-
November) and summer (February-May) are the
seasons markedly experienced here, while winter is
only a slight drop in temperature from the normal
range of 28-32°C.

PEOPLE AND LIFE
 Kerala is one of India's most progressive states in
terms of social welfare and quality of life. The State
boasts of one of India's highest literacy rates,
highest life expectancy and lowest child mortality
rates.
 The literacy rate for women is one of the highest in
all of Asia. Enjoying a unique cosmopolitan
viewpoint, the people of Kerala, at all levels of
society, have greater access to services and
opportunities - as well as a greater say in their
governance.

MAJOR CITIES AND INTERNATIONAL
AIRPORT
Major Cities
 Thiruvananthapuram
Kollam
Kochi
Thrissur
Kozhikode
Airports
 Thiruvananthapuram International Airport
 Cochin International Airport (CIAL), Nedumbassery
 Calicut International Airport

TODAY’S MAJOR PROBLEM
Roads…
The damagesto the roads this monsoon
had beenestimatedat overRs 300
crore.ThePWD hadalso decidedto take
up full-fledgedrepairsof the roads
acrossthe Statethat hadbecome un-
motorableimmediatelyafter the
monsoon.

CONCLUSION
Kerala Tourism is famous for Sensuous Backwaters,
Serene Beaches, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Hill stations, Rich
Cultures, Ayurvedic treatments and festivals.
There are many famous destinations and attractions in
Munnar, Wayanad, Kumarakom, Periyar, Kovalam, Thekkady,
Cochin, Thrissur and Thiruvananthapuram to take a visit. Tourists
can visit the beautiful tea gardens, amazing temples and for a
change stay in a house boat and also see wonderful sunset
scene at beaches. While on Kerala tour, tourists can also indulge
in adventure activities like Angling, Boating, Kayaking, Surfing,
Para Sailing and Camping.
The weather remains pleasant during winter season so
October to March is the best time to visit Kerala.

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