Challenges ahead for the Internet of Things research to shape 2016-17 EC H202 workprogramme

1. From Best Effort IoT
towards Quality IoT?
Raffaele Giaffreda
CREATE-NET
Stakeholders Consultation Workshop
Brussels 29 Sep 2014

2. Hype Cycle: IoT vs. BE IoT?
h"p://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/28199188

3. IoT: mature technology, but…
1. Improve the technology
2. Limit the damage from the “fall”
in the through of disillusionment

4. How did we get here?

5. Moore’s Law
Intel Announces 14nm Braswell Atom SoC - Apr 2014
30% power reduction compared to Haswell 22nm

6. Cooper’s Law on spectral efficiency
data-rates double every 2.5 yrs…
LTE-A, 4G, 5G…
Shannon’s limit but increasingly small cells will keep us going

7. vendors are optimistic…
trends likely to continue
(despite batteries…)

8. objectively speaking…
9.3bln
people
on
earth
by
2050
(70%
urban,
source
WHO)
–
2.5bln
in
1950
!
increasing
stress
on
planet
resources
up
to
50%
world
produced
food
goes
to
waste
(source
IMECHE
–
2013)
30%
water
lost
in
transit
(source
WHO
and
various
reports)
substanJal
room
for
improvement
!
age
65+:
516m
2009,
1.53bln
by
2050
(source
US
Census
Bureau)
healthcare
issues!
!
future
ciJes
have
no
choice
but
to
become
smart...IoT
gives
them
the
opportunity
to
sense
problems
and
adjust...
!
50bln
connected
things
by
2020?
maybe
not
only
vendor’s
wishful
thinking…
How do we get there?

9. Today’s IoT
Dependability?
Robustness?
Reliability? Maybe not…
Centralised 1. Improve the technology
Bespoke

10. How do we improve IoT?
Moore and Cooper will keep us going for a while…
“connectivity everywhere” (urban)
from patchy sensing to widespread sensing, potentially with high
data-rate: data deluge!
however: standalone wireless IoT devices likely to remain less
reliable than their wired counterparts
meanwhile SDN, NFV, cloud computing: software controlled use of
physical resources
“wise” usage of IoT resources: virtualisation (objects + networks +
computing) and “weighted” integration (aware of application needs)

11. a higher peak of
expectations for IoT
reduced latency applications
(i.e. self-driving cars, tactile
Internet, distributed control of IoT)
1. Improve the technology

12. getting sensed data across to
applications in a resource
efficient and reliable way is
only part of the picture
“Infrastructure” technology

13. Today’s IoT: users perspective
Many bespoke apps…
Users must be knowledgeable to choose…

14. Human in the loop becomes the bottleneck…
Data deluge… “Devices” deluge…

15. removing humans from the
loop
“I think there is a world market for maybe five
computers” Thomas Watson, IBM 1943
50-100 bln connected devices by 2020, 8bln people
luckily (hopefully!) we are not going to have to configure
them all!!

16. How do we improve IoT?
A lot of progress being made on the “data to
knowledge” transformation front
example of NLP, IBM Watson, Eugene, MS
Cortana, Siri, exploiting power of computation
so far only scratched the surface removing user
from the loop (aka “Cognitive IoT”): can
automatically select and combine objects to serve
a service request, can adapt based on user
feedback
still substantial user intervention (i.e. choosing
apps, providing feedback)

17. How do we improve IoT?
adaptability beyond bespoke applications,
move towards more general purpose
Cognitive IoT
remove user from the loop in choice of app
and services: inference from activity and
“spontaneous service provisioning”
IoT “without” things
Social sensing empowerment of IoT (what
apps do I use … what traffic do I generate)

18. Smart IoT will need “smart”
people!
shall we say “educated”?
PITFALLS
“WE are retired an not on a regular schedule. It puts itself into Away Mode all the
time just because we do not walk in front of it. Sat I had a party with 12 people
here. We were all in the great room and kitchen and dining room - not in the hall
leading to the Master bedroom. The nest went into AWAY mode and before I knew
it my house was at 75 -- everyone miserable. In the middle of the night it does the
same thing. I hate it. I have tried to turn the away feature off online and on the unit,
but it keeps coming back on. Also I tried setting the temo to 73 at every possible
time. It ignores what I set and still goes into away mode.”
Source: https://nest.com/blog/2011/11/08/teaching-nest-to-save-energy/

19. embracing technology -
security and privacy!!!
The Dark Web
50bln by 2020
smart-*
$14tln next 10yrs
privacy Big Brother
automation
sustainability
robocalypse
efficiency
Io‘B’T
Educate, engage, address concerns

20. Conclusions
improve IoT embracing technology advances
aim to achieve a more user-friendly IoT
educate and engage users

21. Thank you!
Raffaele&Giaffreda&
Smart&IoT&(RIoT)&Research&Area&Head&
(CREATE:NET)&
IEEE&IoT&Newsle=er&Editor&in&Chief&
EU&FP7&iCore&Project&Coordinator&
raffaele.giaffreda@create-net.org0
&
Websites:&&
www.create:net.org/research/research:areas/riot&&
www.iot:icore.eu&