Topic 2.1 IB Biology

1. 2.1Cell Theory
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2. Plant and animal cells
The cell
2.1: Cell Theory
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Nucleus
Plasma
Membrane
CytoplasmMitochondria
Vacuole
containing
sap
Vacuole
Membrane
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Generalised animal cell Generalised plant cell

3. 2.1.1:
Outline the cell theory.
Three basic Principles
All living things are made of cells.
Cells are the smallest unit of life.
Existing cells have come from other cells.
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2.1: Cell Theory

4. 2.1.2:
Discuss the evidence for the cell theory.
If you observe
organisms under a
microscope they
consistently appear
to be made of cells
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2.1: Cell Theory
All living things are made of cells.
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/Resources/Botany/Cells%20and%20Tissues/Pinus%20Phloem/Sieves%20xs.jpg.html

5. 2.1.2:
Discuss the evidence for the cell theory.
Robert Hooke
(1635-1703)
Came up with the term
“cells” after viewing cork
under a microscope.
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2.1: Cell Theory
All living things are made of cells.
http://www.protopage.com/cellzmann#Untitled/Discovery

6. 2.1.2:
Discuss the evidence for the cell theory.
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
(1632 – 1723)
Regarded as the “father of
microbiology”
Discovered “animalcules” in
water with his microscope
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2.1: Cell Theory
All living things are made of cells.
http://oldschoolscience.wordpress.com/category/leeuwenhoek/

7. 2.1.2:
Discuss the evidence for the cell theory.
While organelles carry out
metabolic function
The cell components can
not survive independently
outside of the cell
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2.1: Cell Theory
Cells are the smallest unit of life.
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/CellularRespiration.html

8. 2.1.2:
Discuss the evidence for the cell theory.
All cells carry out cell
division
Mitosis and meiosis in
eukaryotic cells
Binary Fission in
prokaryotic cells
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2.1: Cell Theory
Existing cells have come from other cells.
http://www.glogster.com/reavisbradley/glog-5628/g-6n8hoa2d0jt9i4i6hetuqg8?old_view=True

9. 2.1.2:
Discuss the evidence for the cell theory.
Louis Pasteur proved
in 1864 that life could
not occur by
spontaneous
generation (e.g. that
rats could form from
sweaty grain)
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2.1: Cell Theory
Existing cells have come from other cells.
Remak a Jewish
scientist discovered
“cell division” when
studying chicken
embryos

10. 2.1.3
State that unicellular organisms carry out
all the functions of life.
metabolism: chemical reactions inside the cell,
including cell respiration to release energy
sensitivity: perceiving and responding to
changes in the environment
homeostasis: keeping conditions inside the
organisms within tolerable limits
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2.1: Cell Theory
Functions of life

11. 2.1.3
State that unicellular organisms carry out
all the functions of life.
growth: an irreversible increase in size
reproduction: producing offspring either
sexually or asexually
nutrition: obtaining food, to provide energy
and the materials needed for growth
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2.1: Cell Theory
Functions of life

12. 2.1.3
State that unicellular organisms carry out
all the functions of life.
movement: via changes in size or appendages
such as flagella, following stimulus or changes
in turgor or full locomotion
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2.1: Cell Theory
Functions of life