11. RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
12. A
T
RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
13. A
U
G
RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
U
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
14. A
U
G
U
G
RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
G
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
15. A
U
RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
G
U
G
G
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
16. U
G
U
G
G
C
A
A
RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
17. U
G
U
UG
U
G
U
RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
18. U
G
U
UG
RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
U
G
U
G
U
G
A
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
19. U
U
UG
U
G
U
G
U
G
A
RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
20. G
U
G
U
G
A
RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
21. G
U
G
A
RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
22. RNA polymerase binds on to
the DNA double helix and
adds the complementary
nucleotides.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T A C A G G C A A C A C A C T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A T G T C C G T T G T G T G A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
46. The amino acid
strand folds into a
tertiary structure.
Large Subunit
Ribosome
A U G
G U U
U A A
A G C
U A A
47. The amino acid
strand folds into a
tertiary structure.
Large Subunit
Ribosome
A U G
G U U
U A A
A G C
U A A
48. The amino acid
strand folds into a
tertiary structure.
Large Subunit
Ribosome
A U G
G U U
U A A
A G C
U A A
49. The amino acid
strand is made into
a protein.
Large Subunit
Ribosome
A U G
G U U
U A A
A G C
U A A
50. Summary
• A summary of protein synthesis is the
information on DNA is copied onto an mRNA
strand, which then leaves the nucleus and
goes into a ribosome. Then, in the ribosome, a
tRNA molecule brings an amino acid that is
coded for by codons on the mRNA. Amino
acids are bonded together as the mRNA
moves through the ribosome. Amino acids
joined together make a protein, which is why
it is called protein synthesis.