Better livable town

ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
ENBE Final Project
Better Livable Town
STARVERT
A Better Place to Call Home
Name: Lim Pui San
Student ID: 0318144
Subject: Elements of Natural Built and Environment
Course: Foundation in Natural Built and Environment
Intake: APRIL 2014
Tutor: Pn. Has
Lim Pui San| 0318144 | Pn.Has | FNBE APR 2014 | Taylor’s University
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Content:
1. Introduction
2. The city and town:
2.1 Definition
2.2 Brief history
2.3 What makes a town
2.4 What makes a good town
2.5 The future town
3. The Ancient City~ Rome
4. The Present City~ Santorini, Greece
5. The Better Sustainable Future City~
Burlington,Vermont
6. The X-town~ STARVERT:
• Introduction
• Zoning
• Topography
• Transportation
• Sewage treatment system
• Renewable energy
• Conclusion
7. Conclusion
8. Reference lists
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3
4-5
6-8
9-11
12-13
14-18
19
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1. Introduction
After the first project of ENBE, here comes to our second project of this subject.
This will be our final project of ENBE for the first semester of FNBE. As a final project, I
am sure that it will become more challenging and all of us need to spend much time
in exploring it. However, I am glad to receive this great and challenging task! In this
project, it divided into two parts, which is individual component and group
component. Each part contains 20% and as usual, we are required to form a group
with another 4 members. After receiving the brief from our lecturer, Ms. Delliya, all the
groups were having a short discussion with their members on choosing the location of
the town. For my group, we are choosing the town on a small island.
As what have been stated in the brief, we are required to imagine ourselves
as a mayor of a new town and plan it well because the old town is too crowded.
Individually, we have to provide a typed document and present our idea through a 3
minutes video or slide presentation. The aim for this part is to let us understand the
meaning of a town, its development, history, components, elements and the
principles of making a better livable town. In short, we will study on urban planning.
For group’s part, each group is required to make a model by using recyclable
materials of the selected town. We also are required to prepare maximum of 3 A2
presentation board of the chosen town. After that, we will have our very first
presentation to public in CODA.
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Town conditions and rules:
• Size: 15-30 km2
• Population: 80,000- 200,000
• People: Malaysian
• Country: Malaysia
• Types:
A Better
Livable
Town!
A Better
Livable
Town!

2. The City and Town
2.1 Definition
The word “city” comes from the Latin “civitas”, which refers to a highly organized community.
According to the Merriam Webster Dictionary, a city can be defined as an inhabited place
and a place larger than a village or town. It shows prominent of population, complexity of
system and also greater importance compared to town and village.
A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city. It is not just an
overgrown village but it has its own economy and population.
2.2 The brief history of city
There are many cities exist in the world. Some are still existing or developing and some
may not through many reasons. Every city has its own long history. In brief, Uruk was the first
city in the world from the ancient times. After that, the world has gone through a tremendous
civilization in some places.
After Mesopotamia, a very large Neolithic city-Çatalhöyük is existed from
approximately 7500 BC to 5700 BC. It was a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic proto-city
settlement in southern Anatolia. From about 2600 BC, Mohenjo-daro in present-day Pakistan
is existing in the Indus Valley, it was one of the largest city with a population of 50,000 or
more. In the ancient Greece, there were many cities evolved too. The “Father of City
Planning”, Hippodamus of Miletus was the planner of Miletus. In the 4th
century BC, a new
city, Alexandria was built, it was the grandest urban planning in the ancient Mediterranean
world.
Many greater capital cities were built afterwards by affected from the growth of
population and the growth in commerce and manufacturing. The cities have good
conditions and sufficient of land area to develop for their citizens in order to improve their
quality of living.
The cities have gone through many stages after that which are middle ages, early
modern ages and then industrial ages. By the growth of massive urbanization, we can see
that the cities have a new face. The invention of railroads and communication technology
brings a convenient life for the new generation on earth.
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2.3 What makes a town
→ A small population
→ Proper plan of zones (land use) for the community
→ Have housing areas sufficient for the people
→ Transportation and road system
→ Infrastructures and services supply for the public
→ The existing of natural resources
2.4 What makes a good town/ township
→ Have a strong bond that connects people and
places
→ Proper and well planned of land (good classification in areas such as for residential,
commercial and industrial uses.)
→ Good housing components (make everyone has home)
→ Good transportation component that keeps a town connected
→ Preservation of natural elements
→ Provide essential infrastructures and services for the public such as sewers, power
plants, schools and etc.
2.5 The future town
From my point of view, a future town does not means that it is a “Futuristic” or
“Technological” town with astonishing outlook and body structure. Today’s
cities and town are facing unprecedented challenges such as natural
disaster, environmental degradation, population loss, urban sprawl and other
environmental issues. Many new approaches are invented and being used to
help the cities and town to deal with the issues mentioned above.
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Fujisawa sustainable smart town

Therefore, for me, the future town means that a town that is less of those issues
and it is more sustainable and livable for the people. It provides a healthier
environment for people to live. So, the future town will be more considerate in
protecting and preserving natural resources, the development will more on
going green then reduce the global ecological impact in the end.
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3.The Ancient City- Rome
3.1 History
Rome began as an Iron Age hut village, was founded on 21 April 753 BC by twin brothers
Romulus and Remus.
In 616, the Romans' sophisticated Etruscan neighbours seized power, but were ousted in
509, the inception of the Roman Republic. It conquered most of the rest of Italy, then turned
its attentions overseas, and by the 1st century BC, ruled Spain, North Africa and Greece. The
expansion of the Roman Empire provided opportunities for power-hungry individuals, and the
clashing of egos led to collapse of democracy.
Julius Caesar ruled for a time as dictator, and his nephew Octavian became Rome's first
emperor, assuming the title Augustus. During the reign of Augustus, Christ was born, and
though Christians were persecuted until the 4th century, the new religion took hold and
Rome became the main centre of Christianity.Even though it was the seat of the papacy,
during the Middle Ages Rome went into decline. The city recovered spectacularly in the mid-
15th century, and for over 200 years was embellished by the greatest artists of the
Renaissance and the Baroque.
Finally, in 1870, Rome became the capital of the newly unified Italy.
3.2 Significance of the city
• Construction- contributed hundreds of roads, bridges, aqueducts, baths,
theaters and arenas.
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Ancient map of Rome

Aqueduct
The city of Rome was supplied by 11 aqueducts with a
combined length of 350 km. Aqueducts built to supply water
to cities and industrial sites and to aid in their agriculture.
Most aqueducts were constructed below the surface, with
only small portions above ground supported by arches.
Sanitation
For sanitation purpose, Romans built public baths, called thermae, which were used for both
hygienic and social purposes. Many Roman houses came to have flush toilets and indoor
plumbing, and a complex sewer system, the Cloaca Maxima, was used to drain the local
marshes and carry waste into the Tiber river.
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Roman thermaeAncient Roman Bath

• Monuments(that referred to Roma engineering)- Colosseum, Pont Du
Gard and Pantheon
3.3 Information that can add to the future town
The sanitation system
What I have inspired from ancient Rome is a
well- planned sanitation system for the people. It
counted as one of the services that can
provide to the people.
The benefits/ importance of a sanitation (sewage) system:
 Provide clean water to supply people’s daily needs
 Improving the environment through proper drainage and disposal of wastewater
 Preventing floods through removal of rainwater
 Preserving receiving water quality.
3.4 C
o n
c lu
s io
n
Although Rome has gone
through many decades in the century, it still exists now because of its well
planning of the city and it has become the most largest and populous city in
9
Pont du Gard in France is a Roman
aqueduct built in c.19 BC.
An elliptical amphitheatre in the
centre city of Rome
The Roman Pantheon

Italy. The city has many possibilities for people to develop and also a role
model in many areas such as art and architecture for other countries.
4. The Present City- Santorini, Greece
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Introduction
Santorini, as known as Thera, is an island in the
southern Aegean Sea, about 200 km (120 mi)
southeast of Greece's mainland. The total land area is
90.623 km2
. Santorini is a place where remains after an
enormous volcanic eruption that destroyed the earliest
settlements on a formerly single island, and created
the current geological caldera.
4.1 History
Santorini hosted an important civilization around
3600 BC. In Ancient times, Santorini Island was known
as Stongili, which means round in Greek. Strongili was
the victim of an enormous volcano eruption in 1,500
BC. The eruption was so huge that many consider it to
be the main cause of the destruction of the great
Minoan civilization on the island of Crete, situated 70
nautical miles away. After the explosion, the centre of
Santorini sank, and the many earthquakes that
followed destroyed a big part of the rest of the island.
According to history, Phoenicians settled on ancient Thera around 1,300 BC and stayed for
five generations. Then, around 1100 BC, the island was occupied by the Lacedaemonian.
In the 7th and 6th centuries BC, Thera had commercial and trade relations with most of the
islands and cities of Greece. During the Hellenistic Period, Thera, because of its central
position in the Aegean, became an important trade centre and an important naval base,
due to its strategically perfect position. The name of the island was given by the Venetians
after the Santa Irini, the name of a catholic church. Due to the wars of the 20th century,
Santorini's economy declines and the inhabitants abandon the island after the
catastrophic earthquake in 1956. The tourist development in Santorini begins in the 1970s
and today it is one of the best tourist destinations in the
world.
a. Tourism
The reason why santorini has become a
popular tourism destination is because of its unique crescent-shaped and it is on
an island with active volcano. It is probably the only volcano in the world whose
crater is in the sea. The whole island is actually a
huge natural geological or volcano logical
museum where people can observe a wide
range of geological structures and forms.
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It has also attractive volcanic beaches with deep blue waters and beaches with
white, red or black sand or volcanic pebbles, spectacular rock formations and
impressive lunar landscapes.
b. Agriculture
Santorini has unique ecology and climate with volcanic
ash soil, so that it has become a home to unique and
prized produce crops.
Example of crops:
 tomatoes (cherry tomatoes) : extremely tasty and sweet with an intensely red,
staining colour.
 white eggplants : very sweet, with very few seeds, and can be eaten raw. T
 katsoúni : is a unique local variety of large cucumber which, if left unpicked
when green, turn yellow and acquire a sweet taste almost indistinguishable
from that of melon.
c. Architecture
Santorini is characterized by its Cycladic architecture: white painted villages that stand on
the top of the high red-coloured cliffs. Santorini architecture is featured uniquely throughout
its settlements. Whitewashed houses in complete harmony with its volcanic scenery. Among
the narrow paths of Santorini are the beautiful churches, architectural jewels that blend in
the island's landscape.
Examples:
 Oia, which is known for its neoclassical mansions,
small churches and the narrow cobbled paths and
colourful houses. It offers the most romantic scenery
and a plethora of beautiful places to visit.
 Fira, the main town of Santorini is pretty astonishing itself
located at the edge of the caldera giving breathtaking
views t o the volcano. Of unique charm is the sunset of
Fira, for which the island receives thousands of visitors.
 Venetian castle of Akrotiri: the Argyros Mansion, Kasteli
Castle and the Catholic Cathedral of Fira.
 Hospitality: Visitors can enjoy their stay in many of the
traditional hotels that have respected the traditional
Cycladic architecture. Santorini offers some of the most
beautiful luxury hotels which are world famous for their traditional architecture
mixed with all modern comforts.
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Oia, Santorini Island.
Castle Kasteli

4.3 Information that can add to my future town
The information that I can put into my future town is
Santorini’s architecture and its style of urban
planning. From my point of view in this case study,
I’ve learned that a land or a place has it own
possibilities even though it is just a small land with
less population. In Santorini Island, the people really
did well on planning the cityscape. For example,
many good-looking hotels and settlements have
built and they have overcome the slant height.
Another important element in a city or town is
streets. There are many streets in Santorini island and they function well by
enhancing the walkability and connectivity in the city.
4.4 Conclusion
In short, Santorini is a city on island that is closed to my chosen type of
town- town on a small island. It has a small population but has become
one of the well-known tourism countries in the world due to its beautiful
features. Although it is a volcanic active country, but it has less pollution
but remain its own natural elements. Therefore, I think that this is a good
place for me to study without going complex in thinking transportation
links and others because “Less is More”.
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The beautiful Santorini’s street

5. The Better Sustainable Future City-
Burlington, Vermont
Introduction
Burlington is the largest city in the State of Vermont
and the shire town of Chittenden County. The city
has approximately 42,300 population in 2012. The city
is the hub of the Burlington-South Burlington
metropolitan area, consisting of the three
northwestern Vermont counties of Chittenden,
Franklin and Grand Isle and encompassing the cities
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of Burlington, South Burlington, and Winooski; the towns of Colchester, Essex, and
Williston; and the village of Essex Junction.
a. Transportation: The city provides bus service to and from
the surrounding communities. Burlington does not have any
active railroad connections. Burlington is served by one major
Interstate highway. Several Vermont state highways also
provide routes into and through the Burlington area. It also
provides ferry service.
b. Retailing and Tourism:
• The Church Street Marketplace- It is an
uncovered outdoor pedestrian shopping and
dining mall in Burlington, Vermont consisting of
the four blocks of Church Street between Main
and Pearl Streets in the heart of the city. It is also
the site of festivals throughout the year. Events such as the "South End Art Hop"
and public galleries such as The Firehouse Gallery and Pine Street Art Works,
provide a forum for the visual arts in the South End.
c. Public institutions:
• It has a public library situated at 235 College Street
at the corner of South Winooski Avenue. It is the
largest library in Vermont. Instead of a library, it also
function as a community center where provide
culture resources for the community.
• The city has municipal fiber broadband, which provides telephone, broadband
internet, and television.
• The city also provide a good education system for its people which consist of
public schools, private schools, universities and colleges.
5.2 Why it is a better sustainable future city?
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Most restaurants in Burlington serve local organic fare. The shops sell local Vermont-made
products, and people shop for groceries in community-owned co-ops. Much of the food
consumed in town come from local farms or from the Intervale Center, a nonprofit
organization that cultivates 350 acres of land to provide food for the city residents.
Due to all the achievements above, Burlington has become an environmental-friendly city. It
has turned its focus on sustainability into a form of economic self-reliance.
5.3 Information that can add to my future town
• Create an open place for the community such as marketplace
• Organic farm that supply healthy food for the people
5.4 Conclusion
In short, a city or even a country cannot sustain without crops to
produce food for the people. However, there are many restaurants and café
existing in everywhere nowadays, people have more choices, but it is all of
the food that they consumed is healthy? Therefore, in order to maintain a
healthy lifestyle in the community, organic food has been the first choice for
now. Burlington is a good model for us to follow in order to improve the
sustainability of a place in the future.
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6.The New “X” Town- Starvert
A perspective layout of Starvert
6.1 The reason of creating a new town
In this project, we have to imagine that ourselves is a mayor of a town. Our
town is facing a serious problem of overcrowded, so that we have to
propose and build another new town for our people to migrate in. The
town must be sustainable and liveable, and so, there are a lot of elements
that we need to study on such as the green technologies, energy
management, walkability, land use and etc.
6.2 A brief introduction of STARVERT
Country: Malaysia
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Location: Eastern coast of Malaysia (next to Terengganu)
Land size: 29km2
Population: 81,200
Starvert is a town on a small island where connected to Terengganu in
eastern coast of Malaysia. It only has hot and wet season yearly. The name of
this town is combined with two words that are ‘star’ and ‘vert’. Basically, ‘star’
means that the shape of the town, it has a irregular star shape and has five
bays on the island which brings out different uses. The word ‘vert’ comes from
France. It means ‘Green’ in France. So, the aim of this town is generally clearly
present to people that it is a town covered with greenery nature.
6.3 Zoning of Starvert
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Repetition of zoning according to the classifications of colors.

** Residential area: Contains of low rise, high rise and high cost houses which
provide different types of living environment for people.
6.4 Topography
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6.5 Transportation
Inspired from Burlington, a city
that without active rail tracks.
A town with a small size does
not need railways to connect
a place with other place.
Therefore, I have only
planned the road system for
the town. The aim of this
action is to lower down the
cost, enhance the walkability
in the community and also
highlight a simple town in reducing the use of heavy vehicles.
As a mayor, I promote my people
to cycle, and so, I plan several
bike lanes in the town.
Benefits of cycling:
 Low cost vehicle
 Zero emissions
 Reduce traffic congestion
 Good for health
 Reduce of pollution
6.6 Sewage treatment system
In Starvert, sewage treatment plant will be used to
remove biological or chemical waste products from the
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water. It produces environmentally safe fluid waste stream and solid waste that
suitable for disposal or reuse.
Sewage management is important
for an area because it is related to
our daily life. It improves the environment through proper drainage and disposal of wastewater and
also make sure that the quality of water is good for people to consume.
6.7 Renewable energy
a. Solar energy
Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the sun
harnessed using a range of ever-evolving
technologies such as solar heating, solar
photovoltaics, solar thermal electricity, solar
architecture and artificial photosynthesis.
Benefits:
 It is free although there is a cost in the
building of ‘collectors’ and other
equipment required to convert solar energy into electricity or hot water.
 Pollution free.
 Solar energy can be used in remote areas where it is too expensive to extend
the electricity power grid.
 It is infinite and renewable
In the town, solar façade will being used
in high rise buildings such as business
buildings.
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A simple flow diagram for the sewage treatment plant

It enables the efficient utilization of solar energy and can capture much
sunlight to generate heat and electric energy. It helps to heat buildings,
provide domestic hot water
and power.
b. Wind energy
Wind energy is a useful form of energy, it can use wind turbines to
produce electrical power, windmills for mechanical power,
windpumps for water pumping or drainage, or sails to propel ships.
In Starvert, offshore wind turbine will be built at the east-north
of the island. It converts kinetic energy from the wind into
electrical power.
Benefits:
 Lower cost of energy
 Clean sources
 Reduce carbon footprint
It located at the east-north of the sea
because the direction of the wind is
from South China Sea to Sumatera.
The speed of wind is strong enough to
convert kinetic energy to another
form of power.
22A closed-up view for the location of wind turbine in Starvert

6.8 Conclusion
All in all, all of the approaches that combine together in a place is to
form a sustainable town. There are also other green approaches will be used
in Starvert to make the town more livable, such as green roof buildings and
walkable areas. Planning an area is not easy as we need to think broader
and wider. In Starvert, it is a small town, but it consist of many kind of elements
that make it complete and suitable to live.
The master plan of Starvert
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7.Conclusion
This conclusion marks the end of this proposal. By doing this project, I have
learned a lot of things especially in urban planning. Due to research and read a lot of
books, I have gained enormous knowledge in this field such as knowing the road
system, the circulation and connectivity in an area, the urban design, the
environmental issues and the history of different city and town. It is a good
experience for me in my University life as I already have a little signal on
concentrating and trying to explore more in my life.
Besides, the green technologies are also important in this era because our
earth is facing a lot of severe environmental issues recently. Human are trying to solve
the problems by inventing a lot of new technologies. In my opinion, we need to utilize
all of the inventions and technologies wisely in the built environment to provide a
more sustainable and healthy lifestyle for the people.
Last but not least, the end of this project does not mean that it will really be an
end for me. I will try to elaborate more on those topics that I learned from this project.
Human settlement is really important for all of us because we all need a living place,
a shelter that can protect us. A community also required a well-planned and healthy
neighborhood for them to run their routine. So, plan is a must no matter doing what.
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8.Reference Links
• http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/city
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City
• http://www.roman-empire.net/children/history.html
• http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/romans/science/sewage.htm
• http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-rome
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Rome
• http://www.ancient.eu.com/Roman_Architecture/
• http://www.santorini.net
• http://www.visitgreece.gr/en/greek_islands/cyclades/santorini
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• http://travelsquire.com/santorini-a-modern-history/
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burlington,_Vermont
• http://www.vermont.org/visitors
• http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/technology/solar-power/
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel
• http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/tech/wind-power
• http://www.awea.org/Resources/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=900
• http://windeis.anl.gov/guide/basics/
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage_treatment
• http://www.saskatoon.ca/DEPARTMENTS/Utility%20Services/Water%20and
%20Wastewater%20Treatment/Wastewater%20Treatment
%20Plant/Pages/default.aspx
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