After studying this unit, learners will be able to: •Know the socio-cultural positive and negative impact of tourism. •Describe the environmental positive and negative impact of tourism. •Understand the economic positive and negative impact of tourism.

1. ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC AND
SOCIO-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF TOURISM
RAJIV KUMAR THAKUR
VICE-PRINCIPAL

2. INTRODUCTION
The word tourism is derived from french word
“tourisme” which means travel & tour . Travel can
not be completed in a single day so people who
leave their home they need accommodation and
they uses some services for particular destination.

3. INTRODUCTION CONT….
Tourism help to increase our national revenue & protect our arts
& culture. Now a days, tourism sector is the fastest growing
industry in the world. However, tourism have both direct &
indirect effect on socio-cultural, economic & environmental.
Some of the positive & negative impact of tourism on
environmental, socio-cultural & economic are as follow:-

4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Environmental impact is the outright change that can be seen
through any impact . The tourism impact on the environmental
aspect are detailed here below;

5. POSITIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
• Fosters conservation and preservation of natural, cultural and historical
resources.
• Encourages community beautification and revitalization.
• Could be considered a clean industry.
• Tourism particularly nature and ecotourism helps promote conservation of
wildlife and natural resources such as rain forests, as these are now
regarded as tourism assets.
• It also helps generate funding for maintaining animal preserves and
marine parks through entrance charges and guide fees.
• By creating alternative sources of employment, tourism reduces problems
such as over-fishing and deforestation in developing nations.

6. NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
• May threaten specific natural resources such as beaches and coral reefs or
historical sites.
• May increase litter, noise, and pollution.
• Brings increased competition for limited resources such as water and land,
resulting in land degradation, loss of wildlife habitats and deterioration of
scenery.
• Directly contributes to sewage and solid waste pollution.
• Emissions generated by forms of transport are one of the main environmental
problems of tourism.
• Tourism poses a threat to a region's natural and cultural resources, such as water
supply, beaches, coral reefs and heritage sites, through overuse.
• It also causes increased pollution through traffic emissions, littering, increased
sewage production and noise.

7. ECONOMIC IMPACT
The tourism industry generates substantial economic benefits to
both host countries and tourists' home countries. Especially in
developing countries, one of the primary motivations for a region
to promote itself as a tourism destination is the expected
economic improvement.

8. POSITIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS
• It increase level of living standard.
• It is more productive which leads to more being employed.
• Increases employment opportunities.
• Source of foreign exchange earning .
• Growth of market and settlement.
• Provides government extra tax & revenue.
• A higher quality of life for locals.
• An increase in wealth of an area.
• The growth and size of the sector.

9. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS
• It push out local business.
• Increases price of goods & services.
• Increase dependency .
• Increase in income inequality.
• Economic Leakages
• Inflation
• Seasonal Employment

10. SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACT
The socio culture impacts of tourism refers to changes in the
arts, artifacts, customs, rituals and architecture of a people. It is
related to the different groups of people in society and their
habits , traditions and belief . The some impacts of socio-cultural
are listed below:-

11. POSITIVE SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACTS
• Encourage the preservation and celebration of local festivals and
cultural events.
• Encourage the learning of new language and skills.
• Grow awareness and educational expansion.
• Encourage civic involvement and pride.
• Provides cultural exchange between hosts and guests.
• Brings in outside dollars to support community , facility & services.
• It increased number of visitors & then develops local business.
• Growth in sense of pride on cultural heritage.
• Diffusion of ideas , values ,technology , tastes & life style.

12. NEGATIVE SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACTS
• Imitation of western culture.
• Cultural disturbance.
• May create crowding and congestion.
• Loss of traditional & cultural values.
• Increase in crime & gambling.
• Creates misunderstanding in language .
• Affecting the relationship between tourist & local .
• Can involve violation of human rights.