Unit testing like a pirate #wceu 2013

UNIT TESTING
likea
cPirate
WordCamp Europe 2013
with
pirate dunbar
Saturday, October 5, 13

UNIT TESTING like A PIRATE — @ptahdunbar #wceu
YES,
I am a Pirate.

nAPP Platform
WordPress as a

nAPP Platform
WordPress as a
Video chat marketplace
for experts to monetize
their know-how.

nAPP Platform
WordPress as a
“I think WordPress is going in a
direction that isn’t well framed or
described by any existing alternatives
or historical platforms.”
— Matt Mullenweghttp://jakegoldman.me/2013/09/wordpress-app-platform/

“Plugins represent the
heartbeat of
WordPress.”

• sdsdsd
“The result is that a lot of the
plugins are written in poor code
and turn out to be poorly
compatible with other plugins.”
— Yoast
http://yoast.com/plugin-future/

Manual Testing

• sdsdsd
Problems of manual testing
1. Ad-hoc ☹

• sdsdsd
1. Ad-hoc ☹
2. Slow & Error Prone ☹

• sdsdsd
1. Ad-hoc ☹
2. Slow & Error Prone ☹
3. High risk that I missed something ☹

• sdsdsd

what we need

what we need
• Fast & Instant feedback

what we need
• Reusable and organized

what we need
• Reusable and organized
• Verify that I didn’t break anything.

Unit Testing Series

Unit Testing Series
1. Unit Testing like a Pirate
2. Buccaneering the high seas with PHPUnit
3. Mo’ plugins mo’ problems
4. Steering clear of wreckages and skulls
5. Avast! TDD for sailors and salty dogs

what is unit testing
“An automated piece of code that
invokes your application code to
check a single assumption.”
— Pirate Dunbar

what is unit testing
“Separating
the application
design &
implementation
process.”

what is PHPUNIT
“A command line
tool that runs
unit tests &
reports their
results.”

what is PHPUNIT
$>phpunit

what is PHPUNIT
Time: 1 sec, Memory: 8.75Mb
OK (200 tests, 355 assertions)

what is PHPUNIT
There was 1 failure:
1) WPSkeletonPluginTestAutoloadTest::testThatItsTestingTime
What time is it? - it's testing time! :D
/Users/ptah/Sites/wp.t/public/content/mu-plugins/wp-
skeleton-plugin/tests/WPSkeletonPluginTest/AutoloadTest.php:
9
FAILURES!
Tests: 2, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

what is PHPUNIT
Test Case
a set of conditions or
variables that you set
up in order to assert an
expected outcome.

what is PHPUNIT
Test SUITE
A collection of test cases.

<?php
class SubscriptionTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
// test cases ...
public function testHasAccessWithPassDueCustomerBlocksAccess()
{
// AAA
}
public function testAddSubscriptionWithInvalidCustIdReturnsWPError()
{
// AAA
}
}

Assertions
“a way of explicitly checking the
assumptions that your code
makes”

n• $this->assertTrue();
• $this->assertEquals();
• $this->assertContains();
• $this->assertGreaterThan();
• $this->assertNotNull();
• $this->assertFalse();
• $this->assertNotEquals();
• $this->assertContainsOnly();
• $this->assertLessThan();
• $this->assertType();
Assertions Appendix:
http://phpunit.de/manual/3.7/en/appendixes.assertions.html
common Assertions

“How do I actually write
out the test cases?”
http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/mutsmuts/4695658106

Anatomy of a test case

1. a
2. A
3. A

1. A
2. A
3. Assert(check for the expected value)

1. A
2. Act(call the method/trigger the action)

1. arrange (the context)
2. Act(call the method/trigger the action)

<?php
class CalculatorTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
// test cases ...
public function testAddReturnsSumOfTwoPositiveIntegers()
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
}
}
int Calculator::add(int $a, int $b);

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
$this->assertEquals(3, $result);
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
$result = $calculator->add($a, $b);
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
$calculator = new Calculator();
$a = 1;
$b = 2;
// Act
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
$calculator = new Calculator();
$a = 1;
$b = 2;
// Act
// Assert
}
}
Time: 148 ms, Memory: 2.75Mb
OK (1 test, 1 assertions)

<?php
class LiveNinjaCacheTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
// test cases ...
public function testSetWithNewDataPersistsToCache()
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
}
}
bool Cache::set(string $key);

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
$this->assertSame( [ 1, 2, 3 ], $cache->get(‘user_ids’) );
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
$cache->add(‘user_ids’, [ 1, 2, 3 ]);
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
$cache = new LiveNinjaStorageCache();
// Act
// Assert
}
}

<?php
class UserServiceTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
// test cases ...
public function testPersistReturnsWPErrorIfItDoesntContainRequiredFields()
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
}
}
object|WP_Error UserService::persist(User $user);

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
$this->assertInstanceOf(‘WP_Error’, $user);
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
$user = $service->persist($inCompleteUserObject);
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
$service = new LiveNinjaUserService;
$inCompleteUserObject = new LiveNinjaUserEntity(...);
// Act
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
$inCompleteUserObject = new LiveNinjaUserEntity(...);
// Act
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
public function testGetNinjasWithBlackBeltSubscriptionQuery()
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
}
}
array|WP_Error UserService::get_ninjas(array $args);

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
// Assert
$this->assertContains($expected, $service->getLastResultAsSQL());
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
// Act
$service->get_ninjas([‘plan’ => ‘blackbelt’]);
// Assert
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
$expected = “SELECT * FROM ninjas WHERE ...”;
// Act
// Assert
$this->assertSame($expected, $service->getLastResultAsSQL());
}
}

<?php
{
// test cases ...
{
// Arrange
$expected = “SELECT * FROM ninjas WHERE ...”;
// Act
// Assert
}
}

nWAYS TO TEST CODE
• test if/else conditionals
• test all cases in switch
• verify loops contain proper
data.
• Check for expected state
• Check return value type
• Pass unexpected data
• Verify correct amount
• assertContains for SQL
Queries
• Verify that third party
method was called.
• $this->assertType();
• etc...

nWAYS TO kickstart your brain
• write out list of requirements for
each feature
• do the UI ﬁrst

cwp skeleton plugin
https://github.com/ptahdunbar/wp-skeleton-plugin/

Thank you!
Slides - http://ptahdunbar.com/
cPirate Dunbar

Unit testing like a pirate #wceu 2013

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