1. ProjectProject
SportsSports

2. What is sport ?
 Sport is all forms of
usually competitive physical
activity which, through casual or organised
participation, aim to use, maintain or
improve physical ability and skills while
providing entertainment to participants,
and in some cases, spectators.

3. History of sport
 There are artifacts and structures that suggest that
the Chinese engaged in sporting activities as early
as 2000 BC. Gymnastics appears to have been a
popular sport in China's ancient past. Monuments to
the Pharaohs indicate that a number of sports,
including swimming and fishing, were well-
developed and regulated several thousands of years
ago in ancient Egypt.Ancient Persian sports such as
the traditional Iranian martial art had a close
connection to the warfare skills.Among other sports
that originate in
ancient Persia are polo and jousting.

4. . A wide range of sports were already established by the
time of Ancient Greece and the military culture and the
development of sports in Greece influenced one another
considerably. Sports have been increasingly organised
and regulated from the time of the ancient Olympics up
to the present century. Industrialisation has brought
increased leisure time to the citizens of developed and
developing countries, leading to more time for citizens to
attend and follow spectator sports, greater participation
in athletic activities, and increased accessibility. These
trends continued with the advent of mass media and
global communication. Professionalism became
prevalent, further adding to the increase in sport's
popularity, as sports fans began following the exploits of
professional athletes through radio, television, and the
internet — all while enjoying the exercise and
competition associated with amateur participation in
sports.

5. Tennis
 Tennis is a sport people usually play
individually against a single opponent
(singles) or between two teams of two
players each (doubles). Each player uses a
racquet that is strung with cord to strike a
hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or
around a net and into the opponent's court.
The object of the game is to play the ball in
such a way that the opponent is not able to
play a good return.

6. Equipment
 Racquets
The components of a tennis racquet include a
handle, known as the grip, connected to a neck
which joins a roughly elliptical frame that holds a
matrix of tightly pulled strings. For the first 100 years
of the modern game, racquets were of wood and of
standard size, and strings were of animal gut.
Laminated wood construction yielded more strength
in racquets used through most of the 20th century
until first metal and then composites of carbon
graphite, ceramics, and lighter metals such as
titanium were introduced.

7. Balls
 Tennis balls came a long way from being
made out of cloth strips, which were stitched
together with thread.Tennis balls are made of
hollow rubber with a felt coating. Traditionally
white, the predominant color was gradually
changed to optic Yellow in the latter part of
the 20th century to allow for improved
visibility. Tennis balls must conform to certain
criteria for size, weight, deformation, and
bounce criteria to be approved for regulation
play.

8. .
 .
A tennis racquet and balls.

9. Rule variations
 No ad
From 'No advantage'. Scoring method
created by Jimmy Van Alen. The first player or doubles
team to win four points wins the game, regardless of
whether the player or team is ahead by two points.
 Pro set
Instead of playing multiple sets, players may
play one "pro set". A pro set is first to 8 (or 10) games by
a margin of two games, instead of first to 6 games. A 12-
point tie-break is usually played when the score is 8–8.
These are often played with no-ad scoring.
 Match tie-break
This is sometimes played instead of a third
set. A match tie-break is played like a regular tie-break,
but the winner must win ten points instead of seven.

10. Tennis strategy
 Players use different tennis strategies to enhance
their own strengths and exploit their opponent's
weaknesses in order to gain the advantage and win
more points.
 Players typically specialize or naturally play in a
certain way, based on what they can do best. Based
on their style, players generally fit into one of three
types: baseliners, volleyers and all-court players.
Many players have attributes of all three categories
but may focus on one style based on the surface or
their opponent.

11. .
 A baseliner plays from the back of the tennis court,
around the baseline, preferring to
trade groundstrokes rather than to come up to the
net (except in certain situations). A volleyer tries to
approach the net and hit volleys, putting pressure on
the opponent. All-court players fall somewhere in
between.
A player's weaknesses may also determine strategy.
For example, most players have a stronger
forehand, therefore they will favor the forehand even
to the point of "running around" a backhand to hit a
forehand.

12. Famous players
Male
Donald Budge,Roger Federer,Rafael
Nadal,Rod Laver,Jack Kramer,Lew
Hoad,Pete Sampras, Bill Tilden.
Female
Martina Navratilova,Serena
Williams,Margaret Court,Steffi Graf, Helen
Wills Moody, Venus Williams.

13. ..
oTennis field
oTennis match