3. Possessive case indicates ownership.

4. You may have seen me note on your papers <--Possessive case

5. In English, there are two ways to do this:

6. A phrase with the word ”of” included

7. The hands of the clock

9. With an apostrophe

10. The clock's hands

11. Singular nouns & certain forms of pronouns

12. To form possessive case, add an 's

13. ” The Monk's Tale” is one of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales .

14. When we would arrive was anyone's guess.

16. Take a breath.

17. Questions?

19. Reading Henry James's The Ambassadors was not Maris's idea of fun.

20. The class's time was changed to 8am.

21. But...

22. Some singular nouns that end in -s sound awkward when pronouncing the possessive ending as a separate syllable.

24. Borges' short stories

25. Aristophanes' play

26. Generally, use your best judgment.

28. Awkward: A Midsummer Night's Dream's staging presents a challenge.

29. Revised: The staging of A Midsummer Night's Dream presents a challenge.

31. The Readers ' Guide to Periodical Literature is available online.

32. The Lopezes ' three children are triplets.

33. Compound nouns also get an -s

34. He accepted the secretary of state's resignation under protest.

36. Take a breath.

37. Questions?

39. To indicate individual ownership of two or more items, add -'s to each item

40. Ernest Hemingway's and Gertrude Stein's writing styles have some similarities.

41. To indicate joint ownership, add -'s only to the last item.

42. Gilbert and Sullivan's operettas include The Pirates of Penzance and The Mikado .

43. Done!