Chapter 9 discusses lifespan development from a psychological perspective. It focuses on how biological, social, cognitive, and personality development change over time from infancy to late adulthood. Key issues discussed include nature vs nurture influences, continuity vs stage theories of development, and critical periods of development. Piaget's stages of cognitive development and Erikson's psychosocial stages are also summarized.
29. Language Development MONTH Speech Characteristic 2 Cooing vowel sounds 4 Babbling consonant/vowel 10 Babbling native language sounds 12 One-word stage 24 Two-word stage 24+ Sentences
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66. Social Learning Theory Gender roles are acquired through the basic processes of learning, including reinforcement, punishment, and modeling.
67. Gender Schema Theory Gender-role development is influenced by the formation of schemas, or mental representations, of masculinity and femininity. An example of how a child forms a schema associated with gender. A girl is offered a choice of 4 toys to play with. I am a girl Toy car Doll Orange Artichoke Approach object Who for? Is it relevant to me? Avoid/Forget Assign to category and remember/ Approach Not for me For me Boys Girls
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