MUSHROOM

1. PAPER 1
• TOPIC ------------FUNGI
•SUB TOPIC -------AGARICUS

2. Agaricus
Agaricus campestris
These fungi are commonly known as mushrooms. They are
common edible mushrooms, commercially cultivated in various
parts of India It is a saprophytic fungus which occurs on dead
decaying leaves, wood logs, in rainy season.
In India its local name known as kukarmutta

3. The structure of Vegetative mycelium 2.
Fruiting body (Basidiocarp)
The vegetative mycelium remains underground and is of two
types.
1. The primary mycelium, is septate and monokaryotic and
they formed by the germination of basidiospore it may
of (+) or (-) strain
2. The secondary mycelium, formed by the fusion of two
primary mycelia of opposite strains,

4. • It contains dolipore septa and its cells are binucleate --------
• At maturity, hyphae develop fruiting bodies at their tips in a
more or less circular ring---
The basidiocarp is the aerial part of Agaricus and it develops
from rhizomorph. This part is commonly known as
mushroom It is differentiated into a stripe and a pileus The
stipe is about 6-9 cm in height and the pileus is 5-10 cm in
diameter. There are about 300-600 strips on the
undersurface of the pileus, arranged in radial fashion.
Fruiting body (Basidiocarp)

6. Reproduction
• Agaricus reproduces by
• Vegetative
• Asexual
• Sexual means.
1. Vegetative
• The edible mushrooms are propagated by vegetative
means. Small pieces of dikaryotic mycelium are used as
inoculum. The pieces are grown in soil rich in organic
manure to obtain basidiocarps.

7. Asexual
Sexual
(A. bisporus is homothallic) Primary mycelia formed by the
germination of basidiospores of two different strains act as
male and female sex organ .there is somatogamy between
the somatic hypha of opposite strain (+ &-)

9. Development of basidiocarp.
• Basidiocarps develop as small white knot (गुच्छा) like
structures at the tips of the underground hyphae.
• These hyphal knots enlarge gradually and give rise to button
stage . At this stage, the developing basidiocarp is
differentiated into a basal bulbous part (strip) and an apical
hemispherica region called pileus.

10. • Some hyphae at the junction of the stipe and
pileus are drawn apart and form a ring-like
chamber, called pre-lamellar chamber. ---The
latter form gill primordia, which develop into gill
lamellae that hang downward into the prelamellar
chamber
• A membrane, called velum or inner veil, connects the
margin of the pileus with the stipe

11. Internal structure of basidiocarp.
The basidiocarp is made up mass of hyphae.