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Graafikatehnikate ülevaade Mari Prekup Jaanika Okk 8. Sept 2011
GRAAFIKA Euroopas Puulõige (14.saj) Paber Mängukaardid ja religioossed pildid Autoreid ei teatud Graveeringud Seppade “salvestusmeetod” Autorid teada Martin Schongauer (1450–1491)
Revolutsioon graafikas Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (1398 – 1468)  1439 – trükipressi sünd
Graafikatehnikate leiutamine: Ofort (16.saj) Kuivnõel (15. saj) Akvatinta (18.saj) Linool (19.saj) Siiditrükk (20.saj)
OFORT
Definitsioon ja vahendid Ofort on sügavtrükitehnika, mille puhul metallplaati katvasse happekindlasse kihti kraabitakse ofordinõelaga joonistus ja söövitatakse see happes metalli. Seejärel kaetakse plaat värviga, trükkimisel jätab söövituskohtades olev värv paberile kujutise.
Ajalugu Happega metallplaadi söövitamise menetlus (16. saj) Esimeseks on peetud Augsburgi relvameistrit Daniel Hopferit (u.1470–1536) ning tema katsetusi raudplaatidega Šveitslane UrsGraf (u. 1485–1527/28) rakendas ofordi teadaolevalt esmakordselt kunstis (aastast 1513) Seoses vaskplaadi kasutuselevõtuga algas ofordi võidukäik.  Saksamaa kunstnik AlbrechtAltdorfer(u. 1480–1538) 1519. a Ofordi kõrgpunkt saabus Rembrandti (1606–1669) loomingus.
Rembrandti autoportree, 1630
NijoleValadkeviciute “Taeva metamorfoosid”, 1977
Marju Mutsu “Inimese sünd”, 1979
EgilsBormanis “Protsess V”, 1994Kümnes Tallinna Graafikatriennaal, 1995
Malda Muiflule“Võrgus”, 1995Kümnes Tallinna Graafikatriennaal, 1995
Naima Neidre “Sinise piiril”, 1995Kümnes Tallinna Graafikatriennaal, 1995
Frederick Jones”, 2005Tallinna XIV Graafikatriennaal, 2007
KUIVNÕEL
Definitsioon ja vahendid Kuivnõel on graafikatehnika, kus kujutis kraabitakse plaadile terava esemega. Kujutis saadakse värvist, mis jääb kraabitud joonte sisse. Plaat: vask, ofset, tsink, pleksiklaas Tera: nõel, naaskel, sirkliots
Ajalugu Kuivnõela tehnika leiutas lõuna Saksamaa kunstnik, keda tunti nime all HousebookMaster (Master of the Amsterdam Cabinet) (15.saj – Saksa renessanss) Populaarne mõned sajandid, kuid alates 17.saj muutus puhas kuivnõel haruldaseks.
AlbrechtDürer (1471-1528)
Rembrandt van Rijn, “Threecrosses” (1606–69) 
Eduard Wiiralt (1898 - 1954) “Berberi poiss” 1938
Aino Bach “Magav laps”, 1956
Urmas Viik, “ Suudlus D”, 1995Kümnes Tallinna Graafikatriennaal, 1995
Sylvia Lotz , “Poolparem kaitse”, 1995Tallinna XI Graafikatriennaal, 1998
SergioGonzalez-Tornero, “Nupukas kujundus”, 2007Tallinna XIV Graafikatriennaal, 2007
DennisRudolph “Prantsuse revolutsiooni rõõmud” (kunstnikuraamat), 2010Tallinna XV Graafikatriennaal, 2011
AKVATINTA
Definitsioon ja vahendid Akvatinta on sügavtrükitehnika, mille abil on võimalik saavutada toonivarjundeid, mis tekivad metallplaadi eri osade eri kestusega söövitamisel ja mille puhul plaadi karestamine toimub keemiliselt. Poleeritud tsink-või vask-plaati tolmutatakse kampoli- või asfaldipulbrit sisaldavas kastis. Aineterakesed sadestuvad plaadi pinnale ja plaadi soojendamisel sulavad need plaadi külge kinni.
Ajalugu  Jean-Baptiste Le Prince (1734–1781) , 18. saj keskel
VladislavsGrisins “Kompositsioon I”, 1994Kümnes Tallinna Graafikatriennaal, 1995
RagnheidurJonsdottir “Jäljed VII”, 1998Tallinna XI Graafikatriennaal, 1998
Jung Hun Kang “Üleujutus VII (Haebangchon, Seoul, Lõuna-Korea)”, 2006Tallinna XIV Graafikatriennaal, 2007
SEGATEHNIKAD
Francisco Goya“They are Hot”, 1799(Aquatint, etching)
Francisco José de Goya y LucientesPlate 39 from The Disasters of War  1810-1820 (first pub. 1863)© The Trustees of the British Museum (Etching, fine and large grain aquatint, hatching)
BenjaminVassermann “Tõus II”, 1994 (ofort+akvatinta)Kümnes Tallinna Graafikatriennaal, 1995
Jouko Ville AnteroPullinen “Vanitas”, 1997 (akvatinta+söövitus+chinecollé)Tallinna XI Graafikatriennaal, 1998
DušicaKirjakovic“Kehad: kaardid - sinine”, 1997 (akvatinta+chinecollé)Tallinna XI Graafikatriennaal, 1998
DarioRamirezPedraza“Alteracionesmatèricas I”, 2004 (ofort+akvatinta)Tallinna XIV Graafikatriennaal, 2007
Anna Arho“Palun”, 2006 (ofort+akvatinta+kuivnõel)Tallinna XIV Graafikatriennaal, 2007
LINOOLLÕIGE
Definitsioon ja vahendid Linoollõige on puulõikele sarnanev graafikatehnika, kus trükkimisel kasutatakse linooli. Tegemist on kõrgtrükiga, kuna paberile jätavadjälje värviga määritud trükiplaadi kõrgemad osad.
Ajalugu Linoolileiutamine:  FrederickWalton (patent aastast 1860)  Esimene kunstilistel eesmärkidel: DieBrücke (vahemikus 1905–1913) Pablo Picasso ja Henri Matisse 
Eve Kask, “Jumalanna VI”, 1995Kümnes Tallinna Graafikatriennaal, 1995
Peeter Allik “Meie konseptsioon on tulevik”
LaisvydeŠalciute “Kaks istuvat naist”, 1996Tallinna X Graafikatriennaal 1998
AlecDempster “Seesmine muusika”, 1997Tallinna X Graafikatriennaal 1998
MojcaZlokarnik “Hõljuv”, 1997Tallinna X Graafikatriennaal 1998
Peeter Allik “Kubism”, 1998
Toomas Kuusing “Seksisõltuvus paneb mehed külapeal käima”, 2004
VictorManuelHarnandezCastillo “Quo vadis”, 2005Tallinna XIV Graafikatriennaal, 2007
SueCunliffe, “Otsing on käimas”, 2006Tallinna XIV Graafikatriennaal, 2007
TadasGindrénas, “TheSeason”Baltimaade IX Graafikabiennaal Kaliningradis, 2008
Toomas Kuusing “Let`s Rock Papa”, 2009
FernandoFeijoo “Peaaegu surnud”, 2009 Tallinna XV Graafikatriennaal, 2011
FernandoFeijoo “Üleannetud naised punuvad võrku”, 2009 Tallinna XV Graafikatriennaal, 2011
SIIDITRÜKK
Definitsioon ja vahendid Graafikatehnika, kus kujutis valgustatakse šablooni ning valgustundliku emulsiooniga siidiraamile, mida saab kasutada kujutise pealekandmiseks paberile, riidele vms, kasutades raaklit ning siiditrüki värvi.
Ajalugu  18. saj lõpp. Sõltus siidi kättesaadavusest. Ainult šablooniga. Patendeeritud esmakordselt Inglismaal Samuel Simon poolt 1907. (Tapeedid, erinevad kangad) Valgustundliku emulsiooni leiutasid: Roy Beck, Charles Peter and Edward Owens(1910) Siiditrükk muutus kättesaadavamaks.  Joseph Ulano (1928) 1930ndatel muutus siiditrükk kunstnike seas väga populaarseks ning ajapikku võeti kasutusele “serigraafia” (kunstnikud vs. masstoodang)
Andy Warhol[no title] (from Marilyn, 10 prints)  1967
“jah nr 3”, 1979 “E eye love”, 1968 Sister Mary Corita (FrancesKent)Tallinna XV Graafikatriennaal, 2011
“inimõied”, 1969 “kui ma”, 1969
Paul Coldwell “Mälu paigad - ümbrik”, 2006 Tallinna XIV Graafikatriennaal, 2007
Sharon (Libby) Clarke “Kire vahekohtunik”, 2008 Tallinna XV Graafikatriennaal, 2011
Carl Rowe “Vereteemant”, 2010 Tallinna XV Graafikatriennaal, 2011

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