Maglev Wind Turbine

1. Technical seminar on
Experimental Study on Miniature
Fabricated Model of Maglev Wind
Turbine
By
Preetham Ds
IV M.Tech ESM
Dept of EEE,SJCE
Guidance
Dr.M.S.Shashikala
Professor
Dept.of E&E Engg.
SJCE Mysore
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2. Contents
 Introduction
 Problem Formulation
 Objective of The Project
 Methodology
 Literature Survey
 Design of Maglev Wind Turbine
 Design of Levitation System for the Proposed Model
 Design of Turbine Section
 Design of Generator For The Proposed Model
 Results And Discussions
 Conclusions
 Future Scope
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3. Introduction
 Maglev Wind Power Generation (MWPG) is the advanced method of
harnessing the kinetic energy of wind.
 In this type of generation the spinning turbine floats on the magnetic
cushion, just as the high-speed train floats above the rail track.
 This new model of wind turbine uses magnetic levitation to reduce the internal
friction of the rotor which is considered as a revolution in the field of wind
technology, producing 20% more energy than a conventional turbine, at the
same time decreasing operational costs by 50% over the traditional wind
turbine.
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4. Magnetic levitation
 Magnetic levitation, maglev, or magnetic suspension is a method by
which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic
field.
 A permanent magnet feels a force from another permanent magnet.
This action at a distance is described by saying a magnetic field
exists created by one of the bodies at the location of the other body.
The magnetic field is the medium by which the force is transferred
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5. Maglev Turbine Concept
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6. Problem Formulation
 Conventional Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) being usage of gears ,
bearings and Synchronous generators which are inefficient and the construction
and material cost are 70% total cost of wind turbines which is significantly
high.
 Friction between rotor blades and base causes frictional losses thus reduces
power output
 Vibration loss accounted for 37.5%.
 Power losses are more and Efficiency is less.
 It Requires lubrication, vast spaces and
More maintenance
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7. Objective of the Project
 Design and Fabrication of Miniature Fabricated model of wind turbine.
 A thorough Experimental Investigation is carried out and validating the
design calculations.
 Results of Fabricated model will be compared with the conventional model
available in the literature
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8. Methodology
Following are the methods carried out while designing and fabricating Magnetically
Levitated Wind Turbine
 Procurement of materials such as Neodymium permanent magnets ,PVC pipes,
MS collar , Base support etc.
 Fabricating the rotor blades, plywood circular disc with using soldering, Drilling,
Riveting, and Cutting techniques mentioned in the Appendix.
 Assemble of miniature model with Levitation System
 Placement of windings and magnet arrangement
 Testing of Final model using the Blower
 To check the speed of the , Maglev Wind Turbine using Digital Anemometer and
Tachometer.
 To check the Voltage , Current , Resistance of the coils using the Multimeter
 Results obtained from the Maglev Turbine are compared with standard
Conventional Wind Turbine available in the literature survey.
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9. Literature survey
 “Regenedyne Maglev wind power generation” by Vishal D Dharappagol,
the paper describes design and implementation of magnetically levitated
vertical axis wind turbine system that has the ability to operate in both low
and high (1.5m/s to 40m/s) wind speed conditions.
 “Vertical Axis Wind Turbine with Maglev Technology” by Amit D. Patil1.
A vertical axis wind turbine is introduced by magnetic levitation
technology to optimize the performance. The system utilize nature of
permanent magnet as a replacement for ball bearings to levitate the turbine
component and thus minimize energy losses while rotating, which is the
major problem that faced by conventional wind turbine
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10. Overview of Maglev Wind Turbine
Generally wind turbine consists of three sections. In this project for
implementation of levitation technology to Vertical Axis Wind Turbine. It is
divided into three sections namely
1. Wind Turbine Section
2. Magnetic Levitation section
3. Axial Flux Generator
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11. Wind Turbine Section
 Major components of wind turbine
 Types of wind turbine
 Types of vertical axis wind turbine
 Wind Turbine Design Parameters
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12. Magnetic Levitation Section
 Selection of Magnets for Proposed Model
 B-H Curve
 Magnetic Force Required to Levitate
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13. Axial Flux Generator
• Coil Design
• Coil Polarity
• Flux
• Voltage Induced in a coil
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14. Design of Levitation System for the
Proposed Model
Selection of Magnet for the Proposed Levitation System
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15.  Nd-Fe-B Neodymium permanent magnet at room temperature exhibits
highest properties of all of the magnetic materials, Has a very attractive
magnetic characteristic which offers high flux density operation and the
ability to resist demagnetization.
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16. Magnetic Force Calculations
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17. Reluctance
Flux
Magnetic Flux Density
Magnetic Force Required to Levitate
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18. Magnetic Levitation System Design Parameters Details
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19. Design of Turbine Section and Axial
Flux Generator for the Proposed Model
Design of Turbine Section
• Compared to standard design model of the Darrieus, we took a
bit of a different approach in our design by modifying it with a
curvature design of bladesBlades are fabricated keeping the
volume of air strikes the blades in a given area. Length of
• blade is 9cms. Blade angle of 450 maintained between two
blades for optimal wind capture.
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20. Fabricated Model of Turbine Blades
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Blades are fabricated keeping the volume of air strikes the blades in a given area.
Length of blade is 9cms. Blade angle of 45deg maintained between two blades for
optimal wind capture.

21. The Power of Wind
The extractable power from the wind is given by:
By considering turbine length of 1 ft 2.96 inch blades or 38cms , the
power extracted by wind turbine is given by
Designed Rotor/turbine blades in the proposed model will harness wind
coming any from direction
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22. Design of Axial Flux Generator
• The axial flux generator designed in this project utilizes the changing
magnetic field produced by the magnets to induce a voltage.
• Axial flux generator consists of rotor containing permanent magnets
and stator containing coils.
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23. Rotor Section
Rotor also a part of turbine section contains eight neodymium permanent
magnets of dimension 25mmx5mm and These magnets are responsible for the
useful flux that is going to be utilized by the power generation system. One
circular ring shaped neodymium permanent magnet of dimension
40mmx22mmx7mm used for levitation purpose also act as a magnet bearing at
the bottom of the circular disc .
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Rotor Containing Neodymium Permanent
Magnets

24. Coil Design
 The more windings will increase the voltage produced by each coil but
in turn it will also increase the size of each coil. In order to reduce the
size of each coil a wire with a greater size gage can be utilized.
 Four windings are used in this project each having 800 turns 30 SWG
which are placed as a sandwich between two permanent magnet. Air
gap of 3 cms is maintained to have proper flux leakage through the coil
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25. Coil Arrangement
 In our design we have chosen to sandwich the coils between two
attracting magnets.
 In this project coils are connected in series keeping amount of voltage
required. The number of turns adds to produce a greater voltage. This
design choice will increase the voltage each coil will produce.
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26. Design Parameters Calculations
Step by step procedure to calculate voltage induced in a coil
1. Finding Field Density (B)
2. Finding flux , MMF
3. Flux density
B=φ/A
4. Reluctance
5. Voltage induced in a coil
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27. Axial flux generator Generator design
parameters details
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28. Final Fabricated Model
Concept of magnetic levitation is successfully illustrated in this project
and the design of axial flux generator and levitation system is fully
incorporated in the fabricated model.
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29. From the experimentation, the wind turbine model with magnetic levitation
starts to rotate at lower wind speed of 1.6m/s than that of conventional wind
turbine, which is 3.5m/s available in the literature respectively. Speed vs.
Voltage curve is listed in the below figure.
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30.  This project demonstrates the utilization of the renewable resource (wind
energy) in an efficient way. This type of generation can be used in remote places
where conventional power supply is uneconomic
 The wind turbine rotors and stator levitated properly using permanent magnets
which allowed for a smooth rotation with negligible friction. At moderate wind
speeds the power output of the generator satisfied the specifications needed to
supply the LED load. An output ranging from 5V to 60V was obtained from the
magnetic levitated vertical axis wind turbine prototype
 A single large Maglev turbine can output more than conventional horizontal
wind turbines. The rotor that is designed harness enough air to rotate the stator
at low and high wind speeds while keeping the center of mass closer to the base
yielding stability due to the effect of magnetic levitation.
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31. 4. The efficiency of turbine is increased by replacing the bearings by
magnets; the magnetic levitation helps the turbine to spin at much
faster rate as it will eliminate the stress on the shaft of the turbine. The
major components are placed at ground level. We can say the Maglev
turbine can power more output with high efficiency conversion
compared to traditional wind turbine.
5. The system will provide electricity at a rate lower than coal and nuclear.
Thus we believe this technology has the capacity to completely is
place current technology in use for wind farm
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32. Features of Maglev wind turbine
• A massive tower structure is not required, as VAWTs’ are mounted closer to
the ground.
• These are located closer to the ground and hence easier to maintain.
• These have lower start up speeds than their horizontal counterparts. These
can start at speeds as low as 10Kmph.
• These have a lower noise signature
• They don’t require yaw mechanisms.
• Requires no lubrication
• Capable of generating power from wind speeds as low as 1.5 m/s and
reported to operate in winds reaching 40 m/s.
• Producing 20% more energy than a conventional turbine, at the same time
decreasing operational costs by 50% over the traditional wind turbine.
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33. Conclusion
 Magnetically levitated vertical axis wind turbine was experimentally tested
after undergone series of experimentation during fabrication. After testing the
project as an overall system we found that it functioned properly and the
concept of magnetic levitation is illustrated.
 The magnetically levitated vertical axis wind turbine performs better than the
conventional wind turbine because, the maglev VAWT model has lower
starting wind speed compare to conventional one. Therefore, the Maglev
wind turbine is suitable for the application of urban areas to provide green
energy and this technology is still in research stage .
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34. Limitations
• The generator itself had some design flaws which we feel limited the amount
of power it could output.
• These flaws start at the coils which were initially made too thick and limited
how close the magnets attached to the stator could be positioned from each
other.
• Another setback was that the wire that was used to wrap the coils was 30
SWG and because of its small cross section it restricted the amount of
current that could be drawn from the generator
• Due to the overall structure and complexity of the of the vertical axis wind
turbine, to scale it up to a size where it could provide the amount of power to
satisfy an commercial/industrial park or feed into the grid would not be
practical.
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35. Thank you
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